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1. 发明授权

US5442678A X-ray source with improved beam steering 失效
标题翻译：具有改进的光束转向的X射线源
公开(公告)号：US5442678A
公开(公告)日：1995-08-15
申请号：US184021
申请日：1994-01-21
申请人： Mark T. Dinsmore , Donald O. Smith
发明人： Mark T. Dinsmore , Donald O. Smith
IPC分类号： A61B19/00 , A61N5/10 , H01B11/22 , H01J35/00 , H01J35/06 , H01J35/08 , H01J35/14 , H01J35/30 , H01J35/32 , H05G1/00 , H05G1/06 , H05G1/10 , H05G1/32 , H05G1/34
CPC分类号： A61N5/1001 , A61B90/11 , H01J35/065 , H01J35/08 , H01J35/30 , H01J35/32 , H05G1/06 , H05G1/10 , H05G1/32 , H05G1/34 , A61B2090/101 , A61N2005/1005 , H01J2201/342
摘要： This invention is directed to an x-ray source comprising a housing, an elongated tubular probe, a target assembly, and a beam steering assembly. The housing encloses an electron beam source, and has elements for generating an electron beam along a beam path. The elongated tubular probe extends along a central axis from the housing about the beam path. The target assembly extends along the central axis and is adapted for coupling to the end of the probe distal form the housing. The target assembly includes a target element positioned along the beam path, wherein the target element is adapted to emit x-rays in a predetermined spectral range in response to incident electrons. The beam steering assembly includes a deflection element, a feedback network, and a deflection controller. The deflection element deflects the beam from a nominal axis to a selected surface region on the target element in response to a deflection control signal. The feedback network includes deflection sensing elements for sensing the deflection of the beam and elements for generating a feedback signal representative thereof. The deflection controller couples to the deflection element and to the feedback network and includes elements for generating a deflection control signal in response to the feedback signal.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种包括壳体，细长管状探针，目标组件和射束转向组件的X射线源。壳体包围电子束源，并且具有用于沿着光束路径产生电子束的元件。细长管状探针沿着中心轴线从壳体围绕光束路径延伸。目标组件沿着中心轴线延伸并且适于从外壳的远端连接到探头的端部。目标组件包括沿着光束路径定位的目标元件，其中目标元件适于响应入射电子在预定光谱范围内发射x射线。光束转向组件包括偏转元件，反馈网络和偏转控制器。响应于偏转控制信号，偏转元件将光束从标称轴偏转到目标元件上的选定表面区域。反馈网络包括用于感测波束和元件的偏转的偏转感测元件，用于产生代表其的反馈信号。偏转控制器耦合到偏转元件和反馈网络，并且包括用于响应于反馈信号产生偏转控制信号的元件。

2. 发明授权

US5422926A X-ray source with shaped radiation pattern 失效
标题翻译：具有形状辐射图的X射线源
公开(公告)号：US5422926A
公开(公告)日：1995-06-06
申请号：US184271
申请日：1994-01-21
申请人： Donald O. Smith , Alan P. Sliski , Kenneth J. Harte , Mark T. Dinsmore
发明人： Donald O. Smith , Alan P. Sliski , Kenneth J. Harte , Mark T. Dinsmore
IPC分类号： A61B19/00 , A61N5/10 , H01B11/22 , H01J35/00 , H01J35/06 , H01J35/08 , H01J35/14 , H01J35/30 , H01J35/32 , H05G1/00 , H05G1/06 , H05G1/10 , H05G1/32 , H05G1/34
CPC分类号： A61N5/1001 , A61B90/11 , H01J35/065 , H01J35/08 , H01J35/30 , H01J35/32 , H05G1/06 , H05G1/10 , H05G1/32 , H05G1/34 , A61B2090/101 , A61N2005/1005 , H01J2201/342
摘要： The present invention is directed to an x-ray source for irradiating a volume in accordance with a predetermined dose distribution. The source comprises a housing, an elongated tubular probe, and a target assembly. The housing encloses an electron beam source and includes elements for generating an electron beam along a beam path. The tubular probe extends along a central axis from the housing about the beam path. The target assembly extends along the central axis and is adapted for coupling to the end of the probe distal from the housing. The target assembly includes a target element, a probe tip assembly, and a variable transmission shield. The target element is positioned in the beam path. The target element is adapted to emit x-rays in response to electrons incident thereon from the beam. The probe tip assembly and associated control electronics include elements for positioning the target element in the beam path, and is substantially x-ray transparent. The variable transmission shield is positioned on an outer surface of the probe tip assembly, and is adapted to control the position of the isodose surfaces of the x-rays emitted from the target and passing through the probe tip assembly.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种用于根据预定剂量分布照射体积的x射线源。源包括壳体，细长管状探针和目标组件。壳体包围电子束源并且包括用于沿着光束路径产生电子束的元件。管状探针沿着中心轴线从壳体围绕光束路径延伸。目标组件沿着中心轴线延伸并且适于联接到远离壳体的探针的端部。目标组件包括目标元件，探针尖端组件和可变透射屏蔽。目标元件位于光束路径中。目标元件适于响应于从光束入射到其上的电子而发射X射线。探针尖端组件和相关联的控制电子器件包括用于将目标元件定位在光束路径中的元件，并且基本上是x射线透明的。可变透射屏蔽定位在探针头组件的外表面上，并且适于控制从靶发射并穿过探针头组件的X射线的等剂量表面的位置。

3. 发明授权

US5528652A Method for treating brain tumors 失效
标题翻译：脑肿瘤治疗方法
公开(公告)号：US5528652A
公开(公告)日：1996-06-18
申请号：US284841
申请日：1994-08-05
申请人： Donald O. Smith , Mark T. Dinsmore
发明人： Donald O. Smith , Mark T. Dinsmore
IPC分类号： A61N5/10 , H01J35/08 , H01J35/30 , H01J35/32 , H05G1/06 , H05G1/10 , H05G1/32 , H05G1/34 , G21K5/00
CPC分类号： A61N5/1001 , H01J35/08 , H01J35/30 , H01J35/32 , H05G1/06 , H05G1/10 , H05G1/32 , H05G1/34 , A61N2005/1005 , H01J2201/342
摘要： A method of treating brain tumors in a patient, comprising the steps of: identifying and locating a brain tumor in vivo; implanting at least a portion of an adjustable x-ray source in the patient proximate to the tumor, where the x-ray source generates an electron beam along a path on or slightly offset from a central axis to an x-ray emitting target element; and controlling the x-ray source to generate an x-ray pattern to selectively irradiate the tumor. Also disclosed is a method and apparatus for detecting certain x-ray photons generated by the x-ray source and propagating back on a path which is along or slightly off-set from the central axis of the implanted radiation source.
摘要翻译：一种治疗患者脑肿瘤的方法，包括以下步骤：在体内鉴定和定位脑肿瘤; 在靠近肿瘤的患者中植入可调节X射线源的至少一部分，其中x射线源沿着沿着中心轴线到X射线发射靶元件的路径或稍微偏离的路径产生电子束; 以及控制x射线源以产生X射线图案以选择性地照射肿瘤。还公开了一种用于检测由x射线源产生的某些x射线光子并在与植入的辐射源的中心轴线沿或稍微偏离的路径上传播的方法和装置。

4. 发明授权

US08525411B1 Electrically heated planar cathode 有权
标题翻译：电加热平面阴极
公开(公告)号：US08525411B1
公开(公告)日：2013-09-03
申请号：US13468886
申请日：2012-05-10
申请人： Mark T. Dinsmore , David J. Caruso
发明人： Mark T. Dinsmore , David J. Caruso
IPC分类号： H01J17/04
CPC分类号： H01J35/06 , H01J1/15 , H01J35/14 , H01J2235/06
摘要： An electrically heated planar cathode for use in miniature x-ray tubes may be spiral design laser cut from a thin tantalum alloy ribbon foil (with grain stabilizing features). Bare ribbon is mounted to an aluminum nitride substrate in a manner that is puts the ribbon in minimal tension before it is machined into the spiral pattern. The spiral pattern can be optimized for electrical, thermal, and emission characteristics.
摘要翻译：用于微型X射线管的电加热平面阴极可以是从薄钽合金带状箔（具有晶粒稳定特征）切割的螺旋设计激光。裸带以将其加工成螺旋图案之前将带状物放置在最小张力的方式安装到氮化铝基板上。螺旋图案可以针对电气，热和发射特性进行优化。

5. 发明授权

US07236568B2 Miniature x-ray source with improved output stability and voltage standoff 失效
标题翻译：具有改进的输出稳定性和电压隔离的微型x射线源
公开(公告)号：US07236568B2
公开(公告)日：2007-06-26
申请号：US11087271
申请日：2005-03-23
申请人： Mark T. Dinsmore , David J. Caruso
发明人： Mark T. Dinsmore , David J. Caruso
IPC分类号： H01J35/02
CPC分类号： H01J35/065 , H01J35/18 , H01J2235/087
摘要： An x-ray source includes an insulating tube having a cylindrical inside surface defining a cylindrical vacuum cavity, a cathode located near a first end of the insulating tube and adapted to be optically heated for emitting electrons, an anode adapted for a voltage bias with respect to the cathode for accelerating electrons emitted from the cathode, an x-ray emitter target located near a second end of the insulating tube for impact by accelerated electrons, and a secondary emission reduction layer covering at least a portion of the inside surface and adapted to minimize charge build-up on the inside surface, wherein the insulating tube is adapted to be weakly conductive to support a uniform voltage gradient along the insulating tube and across the voltage bias between the cathode and the anode.
摘要翻译： x射线源包括绝缘管，其具有限定圆柱形真空腔的圆柱形内表面，阴极，位于绝缘管的第一端附近，并且适于被光学加热以发射电子，阳极适于相对于电压偏置到用于加速从阴极发射的电子的阴极，位于绝缘管的第二端附近用于受加速电子冲击的x射线发射极靶，以及覆盖内表面的至少一部分的二次发射减少层，最小化内表面上的电荷积聚，其中绝缘管适于弱导电以支持沿着绝缘管的均匀电压梯度并且跨过阴极和阳极之间的电压偏压。

6. 发明授权

US5369679A Low power x-ray source with implantable probe for treatment of brain tumors 失效
标题翻译：用于治疗脑肿瘤的可植入探针的低功率x射线源
公开(公告)号：US5369679A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-29
申请号：US955494
申请日：1992-10-02
申请人： Alan P. Sliski , Mark T. Dinsmore , Anthonius J. Boom , Nicholas T. Zervas
发明人： Alan P. Sliski , Mark T. Dinsmore , Anthonius J. Boom , Nicholas T. Zervas
IPC分类号： A61N5/10 , H01J35/00 , H01J35/22 , H01J35/32 , H05G1/00 , H05G1/06 , H05G1/10 , H05G1/20 , H05G1/32 , H05G1/34 , H01J35/14
CPC分类号： A61N5/1001 , H01J35/32 , H05G1/06 , H05G1/10 , H05G1/32 , H05G1/34 , A61N2005/1005
摘要： An apparatus for treating a brain tumor in a patient, which includes an x-ray source of preselected or preprogrammed duration and intensity assembled in combination with a reference frame. The reference frame can be, for example, a stereotactic frame. The apparatus allows accurate positioning of the x-ray source within or adjacent to the desired region to be irradiated in the brain of the patient.
摘要翻译：一种用于治疗患者的脑肿瘤的装置，其包括与参考框架组合的预选或预编程的持续时间和强度的x射线源。参考框架可以是例如立体定向框架。该装置允许将x射线源精确地定位在要照射在患者脑内的所需区域内或邻近。

7. 发明授权

US4539710A Diversity telemetry receiver having plural spaced antennas 失效
标题翻译：具有多个间隔天线的分集遥测接收机
公开(公告)号：US4539710A
公开(公告)日：1985-09-03
申请号：US537488
申请日：1983-09-30
申请人： Mark T. Dinsmore
发明人： Mark T. Dinsmore
IPC分类号： H04B7/08 , H04B1/16
CPC分类号： H04B7/082
摘要： A diversity telemetry receiver having plural spaced antennas includes a plurality of RF FM receiving channels each associated with an antenna, and each comprising one or more RF amplification stages, a mixer stage, and one or more IF stages along with an analog circuit providing a plurality of control signals that represent the relative signal level of the associated channel, an FM detector, and a signal level responsive switch operative to selectively apply the IF signal from the channel having the strongest signal level to the FM detector. The output of the FM detector which forms the system output is free of switching transients due to the operation of the level responsive switch prior to FM detection. A data recorder may be connected to receive the FM detector output, and a display may be connected to the level responsive switch to provide a visual indication of the channel having the strongest signal. The diversity telemetry receiver having plural spaced antennas is advantageously employed in biomedical applications requiring interference-free reception of physiological telemetry from both human and nonhuman subjects in motion.
摘要翻译：具有多个间隔天线的分集遥测接收机包括每个与天线相关联的多个RF FM接收信道，每个RF FM接收信道包括一个或多个RF放大级，混频级和一个或多个IF级以及提供多个表示相关信道的相对信号电平的控制信号，FM检测器和信号电平响应开关，用于有选择地将来自具有最强信号电平的信道的IF信号应用于FM检测器。 FM检测器的输出由于在FM检测之前的电平响应开关的操作而没有切换瞬变。可以连接数据记录器以接收FM检测器输出，并且显示器可以连接到电平响应开关以提供具有最强信号的通道的视觉指示。具有多个间隔天线的分集遥测接收机有利地用于需要来自人和非人类受试者运动的生理遥测的无干扰接收的生物医学应用中。

8. 发明授权

US08766538B2 Electrically heated planar cathode 有权
标题翻译：电加热平面阴极
公开(公告)号：US08766538B2
公开(公告)日：2014-07-01
申请号：US13946113
申请日：2013-07-19
申请人： Mark T. Dinsmore
发明人： Mark T. Dinsmore
IPC分类号： H01J17/04
CPC分类号： H01J35/06 , H01J1/15 , H01J35/14 , H01J2235/06
摘要： An electrically heated planar cathode for use in miniature x-ray tubes may be spiral design laser cut from a thin tantalum alloy ribbon foil (with grain stabilizing features). Bare ribbon is mounted to an aluminum nitride substrate in a manner that is puts the ribbon in minimal tension before it is machined into the spiral pattern. The spiral pattern can be optimized for electrical, thermal, and emission characteristics.
摘要翻译：用于微型X射线管的电加热平面阴极可以是从薄钽合金带状箔（具有晶粒稳定特征）切割的螺旋设计激光。裸带以将其加工成螺旋图案之前将带状物放置在最小张力的方式安装到氮化铝基板上。螺旋图案可以针对电气，热和发射特性进行优化。

9. 发明申请

US20140140474A1 Dynamically Adjustable Filament Control through Firmware for Miniature X-Ray Source 有权
标题翻译：用于微型X射线源的固件的动态可调节灯丝控制
公开(公告)号：US20140140474A1
公开(公告)日：2014-05-22
申请号：US13683376
申请日：2012-11-21
申请人： David J. Caruso , Mark T. Dinsmore
发明人： David J. Caruso , Mark T. Dinsmore
IPC分类号： H05G1/32 , G01N23/02
CPC分类号： H05G1/32 , G01N23/02 , H05G1/34
摘要： An x-ray beam control system includes a feedback control loop circuit having a modulation circuit. The feedback control loop circuit generates a control signal. A x-ray tube, has a filament response profile of tube current versus filament temperature that is non-linear. A compensation circuit receives the control signal and modifies the control signal according to a compensating function that is matched to the filament response profile. The modulation circuit receives the modified control signal and generates a drive signal. The x-ray tube receives the drive signal at a filament thereof, and outputs a tube current signal having a linear response to the control signal. The feedback control loop circuit receives the tube current signal.
摘要翻译： X射线束控制系统包括具有调制电路的反馈控制回路电路。反馈控制环电路产生控制信号。 X射线管具有管电流与非线性的灯丝温度的灯丝响应曲线。补偿电路根据与灯丝响应曲线匹配的补偿功能接收控制信号并修改控制信号。调制电路接收修改的控制信号并产生驱动信号。 X射线管在其灯丝处接收驱动信号，并且输出对控制信号具有线性响应的管电流信号。反馈控制回路电路接收管电流信号。

10. 发明授权

US08964940B2 Dynamically adjustable filament control through firmware for miniature x-ray source 有权
标题翻译：通过微型x射线源的固件进行动态调节灯丝控制
公开(公告)号：US08964940B2
公开(公告)日：2015-02-24
申请号：US13683376
申请日：2012-11-21
申请人： David J. Caruso , Mark T. Dinsmore
发明人： David J. Caruso , Mark T. Dinsmore
IPC分类号： H05G1/32 , G01N23/02 , H05G1/30 , H05G1/34
CPC分类号： H05G1/32 , G01N23/02 , H05G1/34
摘要： An x-ray beam control system includes a feedback control loop circuit having a modulation circuit. The feedback control loop circuit generates a control signal. A x-ray tube, has a filament response profile of tube current versus filament temperature that is non-linear. A compensation circuit receives the control signal and modifies the control signal according to a compensating function that is matched to the filament response profile. The modulation circuit receives the modified control signal and generates a drive signal. The x-ray tube receives the drive signal at a filament thereof, and outputs a tube current signal having a linear response to the control signal. The feedback control loop circuit receives the tube current signal.
摘要翻译： X射线束控制系统包括具有调制电路的反馈控制回路电路。反馈控制环电路产生控制信号。 X射线管具有管电流与非线性的灯丝温度的灯丝响应曲线。补偿电路根据与灯丝响应曲线匹配的补偿功能接收控制信号并修改控制信号。调制电路接收修改的控制信号并产生驱动信号。 X射线管在其灯丝处接收驱动信号，并且输出对控制信号具有线性响应的管电流信号。反馈控制回路电路接收管电流信号。

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