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1. 发明授权

US06301959B1 Focused formation fluid sampling probe 有权
标题翻译：聚焦地层液采样探头
公开(公告)号：US06301959B1
公开(公告)日：2001-10-16
申请号：US09236993
申请日：1999-01-26
申请人： Andrew A. Hrametz , Clarence C. Gardner , Margaret C. Waid , Mark A. Proett
发明人： Andrew A. Hrametz , Clarence C. Gardner , Margaret C. Waid , Mark A. Proett
IPC分类号： E21B4710
CPC分类号： E21B49/10 , E21B33/1243
摘要： A formation fluid sampling probe uses two hydraulic lines to recover formation fluids from two zones in a borehole. One of the zones is a guard zone and the other is a probe zone. The guard zone and the probe zone are isolated from each other by mechanical means, with the guard zone surrounding the probe zone and shielding it from the direct access to the borehole fluids. Operation of the tool involves withdrawal of fluid from both zones. Borehole fluids are preferentially drawn into the guard zone so that the probe zone recovers the formation fluid substantially free of borehole fluids. Separation of the guard zone from the probe zone may be accomplished by means of an elastomeric guard ring, by inflatable packers or by tubing. The device can be adapted for use either on a wireline or in an early evaluation system on a drillstring.
摘要翻译：地层流体采样探头使用两条液压管路从钻孔中的两个区域回收地层流体。其中一个区域是保护区域，另一个区域是探测区域。防护区域和探测区域通过机械手段相互隔离，防护区围绕探头区域，并使其不受直接进入井眼液体的作用。该工具的操作涉及从两个区域中取出流体。井眼流体优选地被吸入防护区域，使得探针区域回收基本上没有钻孔流体的地层流体。保护区域与探头区域的分离可以通过弹性防护环，充气封隔器或管道来实现。该装置可以适用于在线缆上或在钻柱上的早期评估系统中使用。

2. 发明授权

US5644076A Wireline formation tester supercharge correction method 失效
标题翻译：电线形成测试仪增压校正方法
公开(公告)号：US5644076A
公开(公告)日：1997-07-01
申请号：US614617
申请日：1996-03-14
申请人： Mark A. Proett , Margaret C. Waid , Wilson C. Chin
发明人： Mark A. Proett , Margaret C. Waid , Wilson C. Chin
IPC分类号： E21B49/00 , E21B49/10 , E21B47/00
CPC分类号： E21B49/10 , E21B49/008
摘要： An improved formation testing method increases the accuracy of in-situ formation pressure measurements by characterizing the mudcake properties. Specifically, after a formation tester is lowered to a desired depth within a wellbore, a pad is extended to gently abut and seal against the mudcake without disturbing the mudcake. When pressed against the mudcake, the pad experiences momentarily higher pressures, which are measured by a probe housed by the pad. These pressures may be enhanced by briefly rejecting fluids through the probe, so as to avoid disturbing the mudcake. The probe continues to measure pressure, which eventually decreases relative to hydrostatic pressure in the wellbore, due to the flow of high-pressure wellbore fluids through the mudcake. Since the rate of fluid flow outward into the formation is governed by the permeability of the mudcake, measuring the rate of pressure decline during this initial period provides useful data to more accurately estimate properties such as formation compressibility. Additionally, indicia of the mudcake properties themselves may be generated. After the initial mudcake tests, the formation tester may be used to perform drawdown and/or buildup tests, by a process of withdrawing or injection fluids into the formation through the mudcake.
摘要翻译：改进的地层测试方法通过表征泥浆性质来提高原位地层压力测量的准确度。具体地说，在将地层测试仪降低到井眼内所需的深度之后，将垫延伸以轻轻地抵靠并密封在泥饼上，而不会干扰泥饼。当压在泥饼上时，垫经历瞬间更高的压力，这是通过由垫容纳的探针来测量的。这些压力可以通过简单地通过探针排出流体来增强，以避免干扰泥饼。由于高压井眼流体通过泥饼的流动，探头继续测量压力，该压力最终相对于井筒中的静水压力而降低。由于流入地层的流体流速由泥饼的渗透率决定，因此在初始阶段测量压力下降速率提供了更为准确的估计地层压缩性能的数据。此外，可能产生泥饼性质本身的标记。在初始泥饼测试之后，地层测试仪可以用于通过将泥浆从地层中抽出或注入流体的过程进行抽水和/或堆积测试。

3. 发明授权

US5602334A Wireline formation testing for low permeability formations utilizing pressure transients 失效
标题翻译：使用压力瞬变的低渗透地层的有线地层测试
公开(公告)号：US5602334A
公开(公告)日：1997-02-11
申请号：US261512
申请日：1994-06-17
申请人： Mark A. Proett , Margaret C. Waid
发明人： Mark A. Proett , Margaret C. Waid
IPC分类号： E21B49/00 , E21B49/10
CPC分类号： E21B49/10 , E21B49/008
摘要： An improved formation testing method for measuring initial sandface pressure and formation permeability in tight zone formations exhibiting formation permeabilities on the order of 1.0-0.001 millidarcies based on pressure transients which occur shortly after the tester enters its pressure buildup cycle and substantially before reaching final buildup pressure. The method makes an estimate of formation permeability based on fluid decompression transients which occur in the formation tester flowlines which occur shortly after the tester begins its buildup cycle. The method further estimates initial sandface pressure based on the change in pressure over time shortly after beginning the buildup phase. The method of the present invention thereby permits accurate estimates of formation permeability and initial sandface pressure to be made relatively early in the buildup cycle, thus substantially reducing the time required to make the pressure and permeability measurements.
摘要翻译：一种改进的地层测试方法，用于测量紧密区域地层中初始砂面压力和地层渗透率，其基于在试验机进入其压力累积周期后并且基本上达到最终堆积压力之前不久发生的压力瞬变，其表现出大约1.0-0.001毫升的地层渗透率。该方法基于在测试仪开始累积周期后不久发生的地层测试仪流线中基于流体减压瞬变的方法估计地层渗透率。该方法进一步基于在开始积聚阶段后不久的压力随时间的变化来估计初始砂面压力。因此，本发明的方法允许在堆积循环中相对较早地进行地层渗透性和初始砂面压力的准确估计，从而大大减少了进行压力和渗透率测量所需的时间。

4. 发明申请

US20110251796A1 Multi-Well Interference Testing and In-Situ Reservoir Behavior Characterization 审中-公开
标题翻译：多孔干扰测试和原位储层行为表征
公开(公告)号：US20110251796A1
公开(公告)日：2011-10-13
申请号：US13081689
申请日：2011-04-07
申请人： Margaret C. Waid , Charles Fensky
发明人： Margaret C. Waid , Charles Fensky
IPC分类号： E21B47/06
CPC分类号： E21B49/008
摘要： Using multi-well testing, operators can characterize a reservoir and its in-situ behavior using direct measurements of reservoir pressures. One or more impulses are generated in an impulse well or location using production, injections, or the like. Downhole pressure tools directly measure pressure responses at various observations wells in the reservoir. Based on the magnitudes of the responses, the distances between the wells, the time lag between responses, and other variables, operators can characterize the pressure distribution of the reservoir and various features, such as the connectivity and extent of the reservoir, barriers, faults, obstructions, pools, communication paths, layer contacts, and well spacing efficiency.
摘要翻译：使用多井测试，操作员可以使用油藏压力的直接测量来表征油藏及其原位行为。在使用生产，注射等的脉冲井或位置产生一个或多个脉冲。井下压力工具直接测量储层中各观测井的压力响应。基于响应的大小，井之间的距离，响应之间的时间延迟和其他变量之间的运算符可以表征储层的压力分布和各种特征，例如水库的连通性和程度，障碍，故障，障碍物，池，通信路径，层接触和井间距效率。

5. 发明申请

US20100231905A1 Method and Apparatus for Performing Spectroscopy Downhole with a Wellbore 有权
标题翻译：用井眼进行光谱测井的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20100231905A1
公开(公告)日：2010-09-16
申请号：US12787859
申请日：2010-05-26
申请人： Sean M. Christian , Jess V. Ford , Mike Ponstingl , Anthony Johnson , Sven Krugor , Margaret C. Waid , Bryan Kasperski , Enrique Prati
发明人： Sean M. Christian , Jess V. Ford , Mike Ponstingl , Anthony Johnson , Sven Krugor , Margaret C. Waid , Bryan Kasperski , Enrique Prati
IPC分类号： G01J3/42 , G01J3/00
CPC分类号： G01J3/02 , E21B49/081 , E21B49/10 , G01J3/0208 , G01J3/021 , G01J3/0297 , G01J3/08 , G01J3/28 , G01J3/42 , G01J2003/1282 , G01J2003/1286 , G01N21/274
摘要： An analysis system, tool, and method for performing downhole fluid analysis, such as within a wellbore. The analysis system, tool, and method provide for a tool including a spectroscope for use in downhole fluid analysis which utilizes an adaptive optical element such as a Micro Mirror Array (MMA) and two distinct light channels and detectors to provide real-time scaling or normalization.
摘要翻译：用于进行井下流体分析的分析系统，工具和方法，例如在井筒内。分析系统，工具和方法提供了一种包括用于井下流体分析的分光镜的工具，其利用诸如微镜阵列（MMA）的自适应光学元件和两个不同的光通道和检测器来提供实时缩放或正常化。

6. 发明授权

US5831177A Fluid driven siren flowmeter 失效
标题翻译：流体驱动式警笛流量计
公开(公告)号：US5831177A
公开(公告)日：1998-11-03
申请号：US698286
申请日：1996-08-14
申请人： Margaret C. Waid , Wilson C. Chin , Jimmy Wayne Anders , Mark Proett
发明人： Margaret C. Waid , Wilson C. Chin , Jimmy Wayne Anders , Mark Proett
IPC分类号： E21B43/14 , E21B47/10 , E21B47/18 , G01F1/10 , G01F1/66 , G01F15/00 , G01F1/05
CPC分类号： G01F1/10 , E21B43/14 , E21B47/10 , E21B47/18 , E21B47/182 , G01F1/66
摘要： A system for determining fluid flow characteristics and relaying the information to the surface. The system is ideal for use in horizontal or deviated wellbores since orientation of the wellbore with respect to the vertical will not appreciably affect the system's operation. In the described embodiment, a fluid-driven siren flowmeter is placed within a production string downstream of the location of a completion zone, the flowmeter relays representative information downstream via a fluid column to a signal detection assembly. The flowmeter includes a stationary stator, a rotatable rotor and a turbine deflector which is positioned upstream of the rotor and angularly directs the flow of passing fluid to rotate the rotor. In the case of multiple completed zones described, multiple flowmeters are sequentially mounted along the same production string, each providing signals of different characteristics. The flow rates and fluid densities for production from each completion zone may be determined by installing flowmeters just downstream of each completion.
摘要翻译：用于确定流体流动特性并将信息中继到表面的系统。该系统非常适用于水平或偏斜的井筒，因为井筒相对于垂直方向的取向不会明显影响系统的运行。在所描述的实施例中，流体驱动的警报流量计被放置在完井区位置下游的生产线内，流量计通过流体塔向信号检测组件传递代表性信息。流量计包括固定的定子，可旋转的转子和位于转子上游的涡轮偏转器，并且角度地引导通过的流体的流动以使转子旋转。在描述多个完成的区域的情况下，沿着相同的生产线顺序安装多个流量计，每个流量计提供不同特征的信号。可以通过在每个完井的下游安装流量计来确定每个完井区的生产流量和流体密度。

7. 发明申请

US20120081699A1 Downhole Gas Breakout Sensor 有权
标题翻译：井下气体爆破传感器
公开(公告)号：US20120081699A1
公开(公告)日：2012-04-05
申请号：US12894342
申请日：2010-09-30
申请人： Jess V. Ford , Sean M. Christian , Bryan W. Kasperski , Tom Haslett , Dave Demmer , Margaret C. Waid , Mike Yuratich
发明人： Jess V. Ford , Sean M. Christian , Bryan W. Kasperski , Tom Haslett , Dave Demmer , Margaret C. Waid , Mike Yuratich
IPC分类号： G01N21/41
CPC分类号： E21B49/08 , E21B47/102 , G01N21/431 , G01N2021/054 , G01N2021/434 , G01N2021/8405
摘要： A downhole fluid analysis tool has a housing and a flow passage for downhole fluid. A device disposed in the tool housing relative to the flow passage has a one or more sources, one or more sensing optics, one or more detectors, and control circuitry. The source generates an input signal. The sensing optic has a refractive index (RI) higher than crude oil and other expected constituents. A sensing surface of the optic optically coupled to the source interfaces with a downhole fluid. When the variable RI of the downhole fluid reaches a defined relationship to the optic's RI, the input signal interacting with the sensing surface experiences total internal reflection, and the reflected signal from the sensing surface remains in the sensing optic and reflects to a detector. The control circuitry monitors the detector's response and indicates gas break out if the response is above a threshold.
摘要翻译：井下流体分析工具具有用于井下流体的壳体和流动通道。相对于流动通道设置在工具壳体中的装置具有一个或多个源，一个或多个感测光学器件，一个或多个检测器和控制电路。源产生一个输入信号。感测光学元件的折射率（RI）高于原油和其他预期成分。光学传感表面光学耦合到源接口与井下流体。当井下流体的变量RI达到与光学元件RI的限定关系时，与感测表面相互作用的输入信号经受全内反射，并且来自感测表面的反射信号保留在感测光学元件中并反射到检测器。控制电路监控检测器的响应，如果响应高于阈值，则指示气体中断。

8. 发明授权

US07508506B2 Method and apparatus for performing spectroscopy downhole within a wellbore 有权
标题翻译：在井筒内进行井下光谱的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07508506B2
公开(公告)日：2009-03-24
申请号：US11865587
申请日：2007-10-01
申请人： Sean M. Christian , Jess V. Ford , Mike Ponstingl , Anthony Johnson , Sven Kruger , Margaret C. Waid , Bryan Kasperski , Enrique Prati
发明人： Sean M. Christian , Jess V. Ford , Mike Ponstingl , Anthony Johnson , Sven Kruger , Margaret C. Waid , Bryan Kasperski , Enrique Prati
IPC分类号： G01J3/08 , G01J3/42
CPC分类号： G01J3/02 , E21B49/081 , E21B49/10 , G01J3/0208 , G01J3/021 , G01J3/0297 , G01J3/08 , G01J3/28 , G01J3/42 , G01J2003/1282 , G01J2003/1286 , G01N21/274
摘要： An analysis system, tool, and method for performing downhole fluid analysis, such as within a wellbore. The analysis system, tool, and method provide for a tool including a spectroscope for use in downhole fluid analysis which utilizes an adaptive optical element such as a Micro Mirror Array (MMA) and two distinct light channels and detectors to provide real-time scaling or normalization.
摘要翻译：用于进行井下流体分析的分析系统，工具和方法，例如在井筒内。分析系统，工具和方法提供了一种包括用于井下流体分析的分光镜的工具，其利用诸如微镜阵列（MMA）的自适应光学元件和两个不同的光通道和检测器来提供实时缩放或正常化。

9. 发明授权

US07440098B2 Spectroscope and method of performing spectroscopy utilizing a micro mirror array 有权
标题翻译：光谱仪和利用微镜阵列执行光谱的方法
公开(公告)号：US07440098B2
公开(公告)日：2008-10-21
申请号：US11696005
申请日：2007-04-03
申请人： Sean M. Christian , Jess V. Ford , Mike Ponstingl , Sven Kruger , Margaret C. Waid , Bryan W. Kasperski , Enrique Prati
发明人： Sean M. Christian , Jess V. Ford , Mike Ponstingl , Sven Kruger , Margaret C. Waid , Bryan W. Kasperski , Enrique Prati
IPC分类号： G01J3/08 , G01J3/18 , G01J3/42
CPC分类号： G01J3/08 , G01J3/02 , G01J3/0208 , G01J3/021 , G01J3/0297 , G01J3/28 , G01J3/42 , G01J2003/1282 , G01J2003/1286 , G01N21/274
摘要： A spectroscope designed to utilize an adaptive optical element such as a micro mirror array (MMA) and two distinct light channels and detectors. The devices can provide for real-time and near real-time scaling and normalization of signals.
摘要翻译：设计用于利用诸如微镜阵列（MMA）和两个不同的光通道和检测器的自适应光学元件的分光镜。这些设备可以提供信号的实时和近乎实时的缩放和归一化。

10. 发明授权

US08735803B2 Multi-channel detector assembly for downhole spectroscopy 有权
标题翻译：用于井下光谱的多通道探测器组件
公开(公告)号：US08735803B2
公开(公告)日：2014-05-27
申请号：US12613808
申请日：2009-11-06
申请人： Jess V. Ford , Thomas Blankinship , Bryan W. Kasperski , Margaret C. Waid , Sean M. Christian
发明人： Jess V. Ford , Thomas Blankinship , Bryan W. Kasperski , Margaret C. Waid , Sean M. Christian
IPC分类号： G01V5/04
CPC分类号： G01N21/255 , E21B49/08 , G01J3/02 , G01J3/0205 , G01J3/0208 , G01J3/0218 , G01J3/027 , G01J3/0297 , G01J3/10 , G01J3/28 , G01J3/36 , G01J3/433 , G01N21/274 , G01N2201/0696
摘要： A multi-channel detector assembly for downhole spectroscopy has a reference detector unit optically coupled to a reference channel of a source and has a measurement detector unit optically coupled to a measurement channel of the source. The reference and measurement detectors detect spectral signals across a spectral range of wavelengths from the reference and measurement channels. Conversion circuitry converts the detected spectral signals into reference signals and measurement signals, and control circuitry processes the reference and measurements signals based on a form of encoding used by the source. Then, the control circuitry can control the output of spectral signals from the source based on the processed signals or scale the measurement signal to correct for source fluctuations or changes in environmental conditions.
摘要翻译：用于井下光谱的多通道检测器组件具有光学耦合到源的参考通道的参考检测器单元，并且具有光学耦合到源的测量通道的测量检测器单元。参考和测量检测器检测来自参考和测量通道的波长范围内的光谱信号。转换电路将检测到的频谱信号转换为参考信号和测量信号，并且控制电路基于源使用的编码形式处理参考和测量信号。然后，控制电路可以基于经处理的信号来控制来自源的频谱信号的输出，或者缩放测量信号以校正源波动或环境条件的变化。

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