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1. 发明授权

US07417727B2 Method and apparatus for standoff detection of liveness 失效
标题翻译：方法和装置，用于检测活力
公开(公告)号：US07417727B2
公开(公告)日：2008-08-26
申请号：US11296804
申请日：2005-12-07
申请人： Leonid Polonskiy , Jeffry Golden , Clinton Boyd , Arie Kaplan , Lawrence Hanebrink , Qingzhong (James) Cai , Andrew Cilia
发明人： Leonid Polonskiy , Jeffry Golden , Clinton Boyd , Arie Kaplan , Lawrence Hanebrink , Qingzhong (James) Cai , Andrew Cilia
IPC分类号： G01J3/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/0059 , A61B5/7267 , G01N21/31 , G06K9/00255 , G06K9/2018
摘要： A method for remotely detecting whether a subject is alive, comprising the steps of determining a calibration spectral signature for light reflectance from living skin, normalizing the calibration spectral signature values to the calibration reflectance value at a reference wavelength, storing the normalized calibration spectral signature, determining a subject spectral signature of the light reflectance of a region of skin of the subject whose liveness is to be determined, normalizing the subject spectral signature values to the subject reflectance value at the reference wavelength, comparing the normalized subject spectral signature with the normalized calibration spectral signature for at least one wavelength, generating a subject liveness signal based on the comparison of the normalized subject spectral signature with the normalized calibration spectral signature, and emitting the subject liveness signal.
摘要翻译：一种用于远程检测被摄体是否存在的方法，包括以下步骤：确定来自活体皮肤的光反射率的校准光谱特征，将校准光谱特征值归一化为参考波长的校准反射率值，存储标准化校准光谱特征，确定要确定其活性的对象的皮肤区域的光反射率的对象光谱特征，将所述对象光谱特征值归一化为参考波长处的目标反射值，将归一化的对象光谱特征与归一化校准用于至少一个波长的光谱特征，基于归一化的主题光谱特征与归一化的校准光谱特征的比较，产生目标活跃度信号，以及发射主体活动信号。

2. 发明申请

US20070268485A1 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR STANDOFF DETECTION OF LIVENESS 失效
标题翻译：用于检测生活的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20070268485A1
公开(公告)日：2007-11-22
申请号：US11296804
申请日：2005-12-07
申请人： Leonid Polonskiy , Jeffry Golden , Clinton Boyd , Arie Kaplan , Lawrence Hanebrink , Qingzhong Cai , Andrew Cilia
发明人： Leonid Polonskiy , Jeffry Golden , Clinton Boyd , Arie Kaplan , Lawrence Hanebrink , Qingzhong Cai , Andrew Cilia
IPC分类号： G01J3/00 , G01N21/25
CPC分类号： A61B5/0059 , A61B5/7267 , G01N21/31 , G06K9/00255 , G06K9/2018
摘要： A method for remotely detecting whether a subject is alive, comprising the steps of determining a calibration spectral signature for light reflectance from living skin, normalizing the calibration spectral signature values to the calibration reflectance value at a reference wavelength, storing the normalized calibration spectral signature, determining a subject spectral signature of the light reflectance of a region of skin of the subject whose liveness is to be determined, normalizing the subject spectral signature values to the subject reflectance value at the reference wavelength, comparing the normalized subject spectral signature with the normalized calibration spectral signature for at least one wavelength, generating a subject liveness signal based on the comparison of the normalized subject spectral signature with the normalized calibration spectral signature, and emitting the subject liveness signal.
摘要翻译：一种用于远程检测被摄体是否存在的方法，包括以下步骤：确定来自活体皮肤的光反射率的校准光谱特征，将校准光谱特征值归一化为参考波长的校准反射率值，存储标准化校准光谱特征，确定要确定其活性的对象的皮肤区域的光反射率的对象光谱特征，将所述对象光谱特征值归一化为参考波长处的目标反射值，将归一化的对象光谱特征与归一化校准用于至少一个波长的光谱特征，基于归一化的主题光谱特征与归一化的校准光谱特征的比较，产生目标活跃度信号，以及发射主体活动信号。

3. 发明授权

US07796833B2 Method for spectral data classification and detection in diverse lighting conditions 失效
标题翻译：在不同照明条件下进行光谱数据分类和检测的方法
公开(公告)号：US07796833B2
公开(公告)日：2010-09-14
申请号：US11676225
申请日：2007-02-16
申请人： Leonid Polonskiy , Zhu Joe Wang , Jasenka Benac , Jeffry Golden
发明人： Leonid Polonskiy , Zhu Joe Wang , Jasenka Benac , Jeffry Golden
IPC分类号： G06K9/40 , G06K9/46 , G06K9/62 , G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G01J3/28 , G01J3/2823 , G01N21/25 , G01N21/274 , G01N2021/1793 , G06K9/0063
摘要： The invention is a method of spectral data classification that uses the decoupling of target chromaticity and lighting or illumination chromaticity in spectral data and the sorting and selection of spectral bands by values of a merit function to obtain an optimized set of combinations of spectral bands for classification of the data. The decoupling is performed in “delta-log” space. A rotation transform may be applied. For a broad range of parameters, correction of lighting chromaticity may be obtained by use of an equivalent “Planck distribution” temperature. Merit function sorting and band combination selection is performed by multiple selection criteria. The method achieves reliable pixel classification and target detection in diverse lighting or illumination, especially in circumstances where lighting is non-uniform across a scene, such as with sunlight and shadows on a partly cloudy day or in “artificial” lighting. Applications are found in homeland security, defense, environmental protection, biomedical diagnostics, industrial process and product monitoring, and other remote or standoff sensing by spectral characteristics.
摘要翻译：本发明是一种光谱数据分类的方法，其使用光谱数据中的目标色度和照明或照明色度的去耦，以及通过优值函数的值分类和选择光谱带，以获得用于分类的光谱带的组合的优化集合的数据。去耦在“delta-log”空间中执行。可以应用旋转变换。对于广泛的参数，可以通过使用等效的“普朗克分布”温度来获得照明色度的校正。功能排序和乐队组合选择由多种选择标准进行。该方法在不同的照明或照明中实现可靠的像素分类和目标检测，特别是在场景照明不均匀的情况下，例如在部分多云的日子或“人造”照明中的阳光和阴影的情况下。应用于国土安全，防御，环境保护，生物医学诊断，工业过程和产品监控以及其他通过光谱特性的远程或间隔检测。

4. 发明申请

US20080046217A1 Method for Spectral Data Classification and Detection in Diverse Lighting Conditions 失效
标题翻译：多种照明条件下的光谱数据分类和检测方法
公开(公告)号：US20080046217A1
公开(公告)日：2008-02-21
申请号：US11676225
申请日：2007-02-16
申请人： Leonid Polonskiy , Zhu Wang , Jasenka Benac , Jeffry Golden
发明人： Leonid Polonskiy , Zhu Wang , Jasenka Benac , Jeffry Golden
IPC分类号： G06F19/00
CPC分类号： G01J3/28 , G01J3/2823 , G01N21/25 , G01N21/274 , G01N2021/1793 , G06K9/0063
摘要： The invention is a method of spectral data classification that uses the decoupling of target chromaticity and lighting or illumination chromaticity in spectral data and the sorting and selection of spectral bands by values of a merit function to obtain an optimized set of combinations of spectral bands for classification of the data. The decoupling is performed in “delta-log” space. A rotation transform may be applied. For a broad range of parameters, correction of lighting chromaticity may be obtained by use of an equivalent “Planck distribution” temperature. Merit function sorting and band combination selection is performed by multiple selection criteria. The method achieves reliable pixel classification and target detection in diverse lighting or illumination, especially in circumstances where lighting is non-uniform across a scene, such as with sunlight and shadows on a partly cloudy day or in “artificial” lighting. Applications are found in homeland security, defense, environmental protection, biomedical diagnostics, industrial process and product monitoring, and other remote or standoff sensing by spectral characteristics.
摘要翻译：本发明是一种光谱数据分类的方法，其使用光谱数据中的目标色度和照明或照明色度的去耦，以及通过优值函数的值分类和选择光谱带，以获得用于分类的光谱带的组合的优化集合的数据。去耦在“delta-log”空间中执行。可以应用旋转变换。对于广泛的参数，可以通过使用等效的“普朗克分布”温度来获得照明色度的校正。功能排序和乐队组合选择由多种选择标准进行。该方法在不同的照明或照明中实现可靠的像素分类和目标检测，特别是在场景照明不均匀的情况下，例如在部分多云的日子或“人造”照明中的阳光和阴影的情况下。应用于国土安全，防御，环境保护，生物医学诊断，工业过程和产品监控以及其他通过光谱特性的远程或间隔检测。

5. 发明授权

US07065242B2 System and method of three-dimensional image capture and modeling 失效
公开(公告)号：US07065242B2
公开(公告)日：2006-06-20
申请号：US09819449
申请日：2001-03-28
申请人： Michael Petrov , Alexander Migdal , Alexei Lebedev , Veronika Shelyekhova , Leonid Polonskiy , Vadim Abadjev
发明人： Michael Petrov , Alexander Migdal , Alexei Lebedev , Veronika Shelyekhova , Leonid Polonskiy , Vadim Abadjev
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G06K9/20 , G06K2209/40
摘要： System and method for constructing a 3D model of an object based on a series of silhouette and texture map images. In the exemplary embodiment an object is placed on a rotating turntable and a camera, which is stationary, captures images of the object as it rotates on the turntable. In one pass, the system captures a number of photographic images that will be processed into image silhouettes. In a second pass, the system gathers texture data. After a calibration procedure (used to determine the camera's focal length and the turntable's axis of rotation), a silhouette processing module determines a set of two-dimensional polygon shapes (silhouette contour polygons) that describe the contours of the object. The system uses the silhouette contour polygons to create a 3D polygonal mesh model of the object. The system determines the shape of the 3D model analytically-by finding the areas of intersection between the edges of the model faces and the edges of the silhouette contour polygons. The system creates an initial, (rough) model of the 3D object from one of the silhouette contour polygons, then executes an overlaying procedure to process each of the remaining silhouette contour polygons. In the overlaying process, the system processes the silhouette contour polygons collected from each silhouette image, projecting each face of the (rough) 3D model onto the image plane of the silhouette contour polygons. The overlaying of each face of the (rough) 3D model onto the 2D plane of the silhouette contour polygons enables the present invention to determine those areas that are extraneous and should be removed from the (rough) 3D model. As the system processes the silhouette contour polygons in each image it removes the extraneous spaces from the initial object model and creates new faces to patch “holes.” The polygonal mesh model, once completed, can be transformed into a triangulated mesh model. In a subsequent step, the system uses a deterministic procedure to map texture from the texture images onto the triangles of the 3D mesh model, locating that area in the various texture map images that is “best” for each mesh triangle.

6. 发明授权

US07453456B2 System and method of three-dimensional image capture and modeling 有权
标题翻译：三维图像捕获和建模的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US07453456B2
公开(公告)日：2008-11-18
申请号：US11444239
申请日：2006-05-30
申请人： Michael Petrov , Alexander Migdal , Alexei Lebedev , Veronika Shelyekhova , Leonid Polonskiy , Vadim Abadjev
发明人： Michael Petrov , Alexander Migdal , Alexei Lebedev , Veronika Shelyekhova , Leonid Polonskiy , Vadim Abadjev
IPC分类号： G06T15/00 , G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G06K9/20 , G06K2209/40
摘要： Systems and methods for identifying the contour of an object that is depicted in an image. An object is placed on a rotating turntable and a camera, which is stationary, captures images of the object as it rotates on the turntable. In one pass, the system captures a number of photographic images that will be processed into image silhouettes. After a calibration procedure (used to determine the camera's focal length and the turntable's axis of rotation), a silhouette processing module determines a set of two-dimensional polygon shapes (silhouette contour polygons) that describe the contours of the object by comparing light intensity values in the images of the object with light intensity values from an image of the background without the object.
摘要翻译：用于识别在图像中描绘的对象的轮廓的系统和方法。物体被放置在旋转的转盘上，并且静止的照相机在转盘上旋转时捕获物体的图像。在一次通过中，系统捕获将被处理成图像轮廓的多个摄影图像。在校准程序（用于确定相机的焦距和转盘的旋转轴线）之后，轮廓处理模块通过比较光强度值来确定描述对象轮廓的一组二维多边形形状（轮廓轮廓多边形）在具有来自背景图像的光强度值的对象的图像中，没有对象。

7. 发明申请

US20060227133A1 System and method of three-dimensional image capture and modeling 有权
公开(公告)号：US20060227133A1
公开(公告)日：2006-10-12
申请号：US11443957
申请日：2006-05-30
申请人： Michael Petrov , Alexander Migdal , Alexei Lebedev , Veronika Shelyekhova , Leonid Polonskiy , Vadim Abadjev
发明人： Michael Petrov , Alexander Migdal , Alexei Lebedev , Veronika Shelyekhova , Leonid Polonskiy , Vadim Abadjev
IPC分类号： G06T15/00
CPC分类号： G06K9/20 , G06K2209/40
摘要： System and method for constructing a 3D model of an object based on a series of silhouette and texture map images. In the exemplary embodiment an object is placed on a rotating turntable and a camera, which is stationary, captures images of the object as it rotates on the turntable. In one pass, the system captures a number of photographic images that will be processed into image silhouettes. In a second pass, the system gathers texture data. After a calibration procedure (used to determine the camera's focal length and the turntable's axis of rotation), a silhouette processing module determines a set of two-dimensional polygon shapes (silhouette contour polygons) that describe the contours of the object. The system uses the silhouette contour polygons to create a 3D polygonal mesh model of the object. The system determines the shape of the 3D model analytically by finding the areas of intersection between the edges of the model faces and the edges of the silhouette contour polygons. The system creates an initial, (rough) model of the 3D object from one of the silhouette contour polygons, then executes an overlaying procedure to process each of the remaining silhouette contour polygons. In the overlaying process, the system processes the silhouette contour polygons collected from each silhouette image, projecting each face of the (rough) 3D model onto the image plane of the silhouette contour polygons. The overlaying of each face of the (rough) 3D model onto the 2D plane of the silhouette contour polygons enables the present invention to determine those areas that are extraneous and should be removed from the (rough) 3D model. As the system processes the silhouette contour polygons in each image it removes the extraneous spaces from the initial object model and creates new faces to patch “holes.” The polygonal mesh model, once completed, can be transformed into a triangulated mesh model. In a subsequent step, the system uses a deterministic procedure to map texture from the texture images onto the triangles of the 3D mesh model, locating that area in the various texture map images that is “best” for each mesh triangle.

8. 发明授权

US07728848B2 Tools for 3D mesh and texture manipulation 失效
标题翻译： 3D网格和纹理操作的工具
公开(公告)号：US07728848B2
公开(公告)日：2010-06-01
申请号：US09819772
申请日：2001-03-28
申请人： Michael Petrov , Alexander Migdal , Alexei Lebedev , Veronika Shelyekhova , Leonid Polonskiy , Vadim Abadjev
发明人： Michael Petrov , Alexander Migdal , Alexei Lebedev , Veronika Shelyekhova , Leonid Polonskiy , Vadim Abadjev
IPC分类号： G09G5/00
CPC分类号： G06T17/20 , G06T17/205
摘要： Improvement of the performance, usability, and functionality of software for editing three dimensional computer models and textures is described. Editing operations are performed on the model in an ordered list to reduce the amount of memory required to maintain previous versions, and certain editing operations are precalculated to reduce the amount of real time calculation required. Improvements to usability and functionality are provided by more precisely selecting portions of a model for editing, allowing textures to be moved more easily on the model, and allowing better blending of the appearance of adjacent textures.
摘要翻译：描述了用于编辑三维计算机模型和纹理的软件的性能，可用性和功能的改进。在有序列表中对模型执行编辑操作，以减少维护以前版本所需的内存量，并预先计算某些编辑操作以减少所需的实时计算量。通过更精确地选择用于编辑的模型的部分来提供对可用性和功能的改进，使得纹理可以更容易地在模型上移动，并且允许更好地混合相邻纹理的外观。

9. 发明授权

US07474803B2 System and method of three-dimensional image capture and modeling 有权
公开(公告)号：US07474803B2
公开(公告)日：2009-01-06
申请号：US11443957
申请日：2006-05-30
申请人： Michael Petrov , Alexander Migdal , Alexei Lebedev , Veronika Shelyekhova , Leonid Polonskiy , Vadim Abadjev
发明人： Michael Petrov , Alexander Migdal , Alexei Lebedev , Veronika Shelyekhova , Leonid Polonskiy , Vadim Abadjev
IPC分类号： G06K9/36 , G06K9/00 , G06T15/00
CPC分类号： G06K9/20 , G06K2209/40
摘要： System and method for constructing a 3D model of an object based on a series of silhouette and texture map images. In the exemplary embodiment an object is placed on a rotating turntable and a camera, which is stationary, captures images of the object as it rotates on the turntable. In one pass, the system captures a number of photographic images that will be processed into image silhouettes. In a second pass, the system gathers texture data. After a calibration procedure (used to determine the camera's focal length and the turntable's axis of rotation), a silhouette processing module determines a set of two-dimensional polygon shapes (silhouette contour polygons) that describe the contours of the object. The system uses the silhouette contour polygons to create a 3D polygonal mesh model of the object. The system determines the shape of the 3D model analytically by finding the areas of intersection between the edges of the model faces and the edges of the silhouette contour polygons. The system creates an initial, (rough) model of the 3D object from one of the silhouette contour polygons, then executes an overlaying procedure to process each of the remaining silhouette contour polygons. In the overlaying process, the system processes the silhouette contour polygons collected from each silhouette image, projecting each face of the (rough) 3D model onto the image plane of the silhouette contour polygons. The overlaying of each face of the (rough) 3D model onto the 2D plane of the silhouette contour polygons enables the present invention to determine those areas that are extraneous and should be removed from the (rough) 3D model. As the system processes the silhouette contour polygons in each image it removes the extraneous spaces from the initial object model and creates new faces to patch “holes.” The polygonal mesh model, once completed, can be transformed into a triangulated mesh model. In a subsequent step, the system uses a deterministic procedure to map texture from the texture images onto the triangles of the 3D mesh model, locating that area in the various texture map images that is “best” for each mesh triangle.

10. 发明申请

US20060232583A1 System and method of three-dimensional image capture and modeling 有权
公开(公告)号：US20060232583A1
公开(公告)日：2006-10-19
申请号：US11444239
申请日：2006-05-30
申请人： Michael Petrov , Alexander Migdal , Alexei Lebedev , Veronika Shelyekhova , Leonid Polonskiy , Vadim Abadjev
发明人： Michael Petrov , Alexander Migdal , Alexei Lebedev , Veronika Shelyekhova , Leonid Polonskiy , Vadim Abadjev
IPC分类号： G06T15/00
CPC分类号： G06K9/20 , G06K2209/40
摘要： System and method for constructing a 3D model of an object based on a series of silhouette and texture map images. In the exemplary embodiment an object is placed on a rotating turntable and a camera, which is stationary, captures images of the object as it rotates on the turntable. In one pass, the system captures a number of photographic images that will be processed into image silhouettes. In a second pass, the system gathers texture data. After a calibration procedure (used to determine the camera's focal length and the turntable's axis of rotation), a silhouette processing module determines a set of two-dimensional polygon shapes (silhouette contour polygons) that describe the contours of the object. The system uses the silhouette contour polygons to create a 3D polygonal mesh model of the object. The system determines the shape of the 3D model analytically by finding the areas of intersection between the edges of the model faces and the edges of the silhouette contour polygons. The system creates an initial, (rough) model of the 3D object from one of the silhouette contour polygons, then executes an overlaying procedure to process each of the remaining silhouette contour polygons. In the overlaying process, the system processes the silhouette contour polygons collected from each silhouette image, projecting each face of the (rough) 3D model onto the image plane of the silhouette contour polygons. The overlaying of each face of the (rough) 3D model onto the 2D plane of the silhouette contour polygons enables the present invention to determine those areas that are extraneous and should be removed from the (rough) 3D model. As the system processes the silhouette contour polygons in each image it removes the extraneous spaces from the initial object model and creates new faces to patch “holes.” The polygonal mesh model, once completed, can be transformed into a triangulated mesh model. In a subsequent step, the system uses a deterministic procedure to map texture from the texture images onto the triangles of the 3D mesh model, locating that area in the various texture map images that is “best” for each mesh triangle.

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