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1. 发明授权

US6088423A Multiview x-ray based system for detecting contraband such as in baggage 失效
标题翻译：用于检测行李中的违禁品的基于多视角x射线的系统
公开(公告)号：US6088423A
公开(公告)日：2000-07-11
申请号：US92295
申请日：1998-06-05
申请人： Kristoph D. Krug , John O. Tortora , Richard Bijjani , Richard F. Eilbert
发明人： Kristoph D. Krug , John O. Tortora , Richard Bijjani , Richard F. Eilbert
IPC分类号： G01V5/00 , G01N23/04
CPC分类号： G01V5/0016 , G01V5/0041
摘要： A multiview X-ray based inspection system detects contraband such as explosives, weapons, drugs and money in packages such as baggage. Each bag moves through at least three stationary, fan-shaped beams of x-rays that are in parallel planes spaced from each other in the direction of bag travel, to produce three projection views of the bag taken from different angles. These projection views are processed to extract two-dimensional outlines of likely individual objects in the bag, and the two-dimensional outlines are matched between different projection views to extract three-dimensional outlines of likely objects in the bag. The system uses these three-dimensional outlines to estimate effective atomic numbers and mass densities of material in these objects, and then to determine the presence of likely contraband in the baggage by testing these estimates against windows in a multi-dimensional space in which one dimension is effective atomic number and another is mass density. The typical windows correspond to known contraband materials. The system can derive measurements from additional modalities such as nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) for use in conjunction with the x-ray measurements in finding likely contraband.
摘要翻译：基于多视角X射线检测系统可以检测诸如行李等包装中的爆炸物，武器，毒品和金钱等违禁品。每个袋子穿过至少三个固定的，扇形的x射线束，它们在袋行进方向上彼此间隔开的平行平面中，以产生从不同角度取出的袋子的三个投影视图。这些投影视图被处理以提取袋中可能的单个物体的二维轮廓，并且在不同投影视图之间匹配二维轮廓以提取袋中可能的物体的三维轮廓。该系统使用这些三维轮廓来估计这些物体中材料的有效原子数和质量密度，然后通过在多维空间中测试这些对窗口的估计来确定行李中可能的违禁品的存在，其中一维是有效的原子序数，另一个是质量密度。典型的窗口对应于已知的违禁品。该系统可以从诸如核四极共振（NQR）等附加模式得出测量结果，以便与x射线测量结合使用以寻找可能的违禁品。

2. 发明授权

US07873201B2 Reconstruction of x-ray images into basis function components using multiple-energy sources 失效
标题翻译：使用多能源将X射线图像重建为基函数分量
公开(公告)号：US07873201B2
公开(公告)日：2011-01-18
申请号：US11271196
申请日：2005-11-10
申请人： Richard F. Eilbert , Kristoph D. Krug , John Tortora
发明人： Richard F. Eilbert , Kristoph D. Krug , John Tortora
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G01V5/0016 , B07C5/3427 , B07C5/346 , G01N23/04 , G01N23/10 , G01N2223/423 , G01N2223/64 , G01N2223/643 , G01V5/0041
摘要： An inspection system that forms material sensitive X-ray images of items under inspection. The images are decomposed into basis function images using basis functions representative of materials of interest. The decomposed images may be processed separately to detect concentrations of a material of interest corresponding to one or more of the basis functions. When operated in this mode, the inspection system may be used in applications such as material sorting or security screening. At least one basis function is selected to distinguish a material of interest from other materials likely contained with the item, allowing one of the basis function images to be analyzed to obtain information about a specific material of interest. The images may be automatically analyzed or may be superimposed for display with different visual characteristics assigned to the components associated with each basis function for analysis by a human operator.
摘要翻译：检查系统，形成检查项目的物质敏感的X射线图像。使用表示感兴趣材料的基函数将图像分解为基函数图像。分解的图像可以单独处理以检测与一个或多个基本功能相对应的感兴趣的材料的浓度。当在这种模式下操作时，检查系统可以用于诸如材料分选或安全检查的应用中。选择至少一个基函数来区分感兴趣的材料和可能包含在该项目中的其他材料，从而允许分析基础函数图像之一以获得关于特定感兴趣材料的信息。图像可以被自动分析或者可以被叠加以用于显示，其具有分配给与每个基本功能相关联的组件的不同视觉特征，以供人类操作者分析。

3. 发明授权

US5600700A Detecting explosives or other contraband by employing transmitted and scattered X-rays 失效
标题翻译：通过使用透射和散射的X射线检测炸药或其他违禁品
公开(公告)号：US5600700A
公开(公告)日：1997-02-04
申请号：US533646
申请日：1995-09-25
申请人： Kristoph D. Krug , William F. Aitkenhead , Richard F. Eilbert , Jeffrey H. Stillson , Jay A. Stein
发明人： Kristoph D. Krug , William F. Aitkenhead , Richard F. Eilbert , Jeffrey H. Stillson , Jay A. Stein
IPC分类号： G01N23/201 , G01N23/203 , G01V5/00 , G01N23/10
CPC分类号： G01V5/0025 , G01N23/201 , G01N23/203 , G01V5/0041
摘要： An X-ray inspection device for detecting a specific material of interest (typically contraband, for example, weapons, drugs, money, explosives) in items of various sizes and shapes includes an X-ray source system located at an inspection region and constructed to expose the examined item to at least one beam of X-ray radiation, one or more x-ray detection systems located at the inspection region and constructed to detect x-ray radiation modified by the examined item. The X-ray inspection device also includes one or more dimension detectors constructed to measure a selected dimension of the examined item, an interface system connected to receive X-ray data and dimension data, and a computer programmed to utilize the data for recognition of the specific material of interest and to indicate its presence in the examined item. The X-ray detection systems detect transmitted and/or scattered X-ray radiation utilizing several different geometries. There may be one or more X-ray back-scatter detection systems, or one or more X-ray forward-scatter detection systems detecting X-ray radiation scattered at different angles from different surfaces of the examined item. Each detection system includes one or more arrays of X-ray detectors arranged in a linear, circular or semi-spherical geometry. Each detection system also may be connected to a displacement unit constructed and arranged to move or rotate the detector array to a selected position relative to the inspection region and the examined item.
摘要翻译：用于以各种尺寸和形状的物品检测感兴趣的特定材料（通常为违禁品，例如武器，药物，金钱，炸药）的X射线检查装置包括位于检查区域的X射线源系统，将检查的物品暴露于至少一束X射线辐射，位于检查区域的一个或多个x射线检测系统，并构造成检测被检查物品修改的x射线辐射。 X射线检查装置还包括一个或多个尺寸检测器，其被构造成测量被检查物品的选定尺寸，被连接以接收X射线数据和尺寸数据的接口系统，以及被编程为利用该数据来识别并将其显示在被检查项目中。 X射线检测系统利用几种不同的几何形状来检测透射和/或散射的X射线辐射。可以存在一个或多个X射线背散射检测系统或一个或多个X射线前向散射检测系统，其检测从被检查物品的不同表面以不同角度散射的X射线辐射。每个检测系统包括以线性，圆形或半球形几何形状布置的一个或多个X射线检测器阵列。每个检测系统还可以连接到构造和布置为将检测器阵列移动或旋转到相对于检查区域和被检查物品的选定位置的位移单元。

4. 发明授权

US5974111A Identifying explosives or other contraband by employing transmitted or scattered X-rays 失效
标题翻译：通过使用透射或散射的X射线识别爆炸物或其他违禁品
公开(公告)号：US5974111A
公开(公告)日：1999-10-26
申请号：US849275
申请日：1997-12-05
申请人： Kristoph D. Krug , William F. Aitkenhead , Richard F. Eilbert , Jeffrey H. Stillson , Jay A. Stein
发明人： Kristoph D. Krug , William F. Aitkenhead , Richard F. Eilbert , Jeffrey H. Stillson , Jay A. Stein
IPC分类号： G01N23/10 , G01N23/20
CPC分类号： G01N23/10 , G01N23/20
摘要： An X-ray inspection device (10) for detecting a specific material of interest in items of various sizes and shapes (24A, 24B, 24C) includes an X-ray source system located at an inspection region and constructed to expose the examined item to at least one beam of X-ray radiation, and one or more X-ray detection systems (60, 80, 100). The X-ray inspection device also includes one or more dimension detectors (120) constructed to measure a selected dimension of the examined item, an interface system connected to receive X-ray data and dimension data, and a computer programmed to utilize the data for recognition of the specific material of interest and to indicate its presence in the examined item. Each detection system includes one or more arrays of X-ray detectors arranged in a linear, circular or semi-spherical geometry.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / US96 / 15260 Sec。 371 1997年12月5日第 102（e）日期1997年12月5日PCT提交1996年9月24日PCT公布。公开号WO97 / 12228 日期1997年4月3日用于检测各种尺寸和形状（24A，24B，24C）的物品的感兴趣的特定材料的X射线检查装置（10）包括位于检查区域的X射线源系统，将所检查的物品暴露于至少一束X射线辐射，以及一个或多个X射线检测系统（60,80,100）。 X射线检查装置还包括一个或多个尺寸检测器（120），其构造成测量被检查物品的选定尺寸，连接以接收X射线数据和尺寸数据的接口系统，以及被编程为将数据用于承认感兴趣的具体材料，并表明其在检查项目中的存在。每个检测系统包括以线性，圆形或半球形几何形状布置的一个或多个X射线检测器阵列。

5. 发明授权

US06816571B2 Method and apparatus for transmitting information about a target object between a prescanner and a CT scanner 有权
标题翻译：用于在预分器和CT扫描器之间传送关于目标对象的信息的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06816571B2
公开(公告)日：2004-11-09
申请号：US10068459
申请日：2002-02-06
申请人： Richard R. Bijjani , Richard F. Eilbert , Shunghe Shi
发明人： Richard R. Bijjani , Richard F. Eilbert , Shunghe Shi
IPC分类号： G01N2304
CPC分类号： G01N23/087 , G01N23/046 , G01N2223/402 , G01N2223/419 , G01N2223/421 , G01V5/0041 , G01V5/005
摘要： A method or apparatus for analyzing an object includes an X-ray prescanner that performs a prescan of the object to determine prescan information about the object. Then, a CT scanner performs a CT scan on at least one plane of the object based on the prescan information to determine CT information. In one embodiment, if the CT scan of the object includes or is in the vicinity of metal, then metal artifact correction of a reconstructed image from the CT scan is performed based on the prescan information. In another embodiment, a processor analyzes the CT information and the prescan information to determine whether to update the prescan information based on the CT information
摘要翻译：用于分析对象的方法或装置包括执行对象的预扫描以确定关于对象的预扫描信息的X射线预处理器。然后，CT扫描仪基于预扫描信息对目标的至少一个平面进行CT扫描，以确定CT信息。在一个实施例中，如果对象的CT扫描包括或处于金属附近，则基于预扫描信息执行来自CT扫描的重建图像的金属伪影校正。在另一实施例中，处理器分析CT信息和预扫描信息，以确定是否基于CT信息来更新预扫描信息

6. 发明申请

US20090278050A1 STACKED DETECTORS 审中-公开
标题翻译：堆叠检测器
公开(公告)号：US20090278050A1
公开(公告)日：2009-11-12
申请号：US12463116
申请日：2009-05-08
申请人： Ronald Steven McNabb, JR. , Richard F. Eilbert
发明人： Ronald Steven McNabb, JR. , Richard F. Eilbert
IPC分类号： G01T1/24
CPC分类号： G01N23/06
摘要： A representation of an amount of energy incident on a radiation sensor formed from multiple sensing elements coupled together along a direction parallel to a direction of propagation of the incident radiation is received. The radiation sensor has an adjustable border positioned between any two of the multiple sensing elements. From the representation, an amount of energy incident on the radiation sensor is determined. A position of the border is selected based on the amount of energy incident on the radiation sensor. After selecting the position of the border, an absorption characteristic of a region imaged by the radiation sensor is determined.
摘要翻译：接收入射在由沿着与入射辐射的传播方向平行的方向耦合在一起的多个感测元件形成的辐射传感器的能量的表示。辐射传感器具有位于多个感测元件中的任何两个之间的可调边界。从该表示中，确定入射在辐射传感器上的能量的量。基于入射在辐射传感器上的能量的量来选择边界的位置。在选择边界的位置之后，确定由辐射传感器成像的区域的吸收特性。

7. 发明授权

US07023957B2 Method and apparatus for transmitting information about a target object between a prescanner and a CT scanner 有权
公开(公告)号：US07023957B2
公开(公告)日：2006-04-04
申请号：US10717051
申请日：2003-11-19
申请人： Richard R. Bijjani , Richard F. Eilbert , Shunghe Shi
发明人： Richard R. Bijjani , Richard F. Eilbert , Shunghe Shi
IPC分类号： G01N12/087
CPC分类号： G01N23/087 , G01N23/046 , G01N2223/402 , G01N2223/419 , G01N2223/421 , G01V5/0041 , G01V5/005
摘要： A method or apparatus for analyzing an object includes an X-ray prescanner that performs a prescan of the object to determine prescan information about the object. Then, a CT scanner performs a CT scan on at least one plane of the object based on the prescan information to determine CT information. In one embodiment, if the CT scan of the object includes or is in the vicinity of metal, then metal artifact correction of a reconstructed image from the CT scan is performed based on the prescan information. In another embodiment, a processor analyzes the CT information and the prescan information to determine whether to update the prescan information based on the CT information

8. 发明申请

US20100290691A1 EXAMINATION OF A REGION USING DUAL-ENERGY RADIATION 有权
标题翻译：使用双能辐射检测区域
公开(公告)号：US20100290691A1
公开(公告)日：2010-11-18
申请号：US12484709
申请日：2009-06-15
申请人： Richard F. Eilbert , David Perticone , Shuanghe Shi , Jeff Stillson
发明人： Richard F. Eilbert , David Perticone , Shuanghe Shi , Jeff Stillson
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G01V5/0033 , G01V5/0041
摘要： A first image including a projection of a portion is generated based on data representing attenuation of higher-energy radiation having a peak energy of at least 1 MeV that passes through a portion of an inspection volume. A second image including a projection of the portion is generated based on data representing attenuation of lower-energy radiation passing through the portion of the inspection volume. A dual-pixel image is created from the first image and the second image. A region of interest is selected from the dual-pixel image. A first basis function that is derived from an attenuation characteristic associated with the region of interest is selected. The region of interest is represented in terms of an amplitude associated with the first basis function and an amplitude associated with the second basis function.
摘要翻译：基于表示通过检测体积的一部分具有至少1MeV的峰值能量的较高能量辐射的衰减的数据，生成包括部分投影的第一图像。基于表示通过检查体积的部分的较低能量辐射的衰减的数据产生包括该部分的投影的第二图像。从第一图像和第二图像创建双像素图像。从双像素图像中选择感兴趣区域。选择从与感兴趣区域相关联的衰减特性导出的第一基函数。感兴趣区域以与第一基函数相关联的幅度和与第二基函数相关联的幅度表示。

9. 发明授权

US07606349B2 Selective generation of radiation at multiple energy levels 有权
标题翻译：选择性地在多种能级产生辐射
公开(公告)号：US07606349B2
公开(公告)日：2009-10-20
申请号：US11704894
申请日：2007-02-09
申请人： Boris Oreper , Richard F. Eilbert , Andrew Dean Foland , Kenneth E. Prather , Thomas David Plamondon
发明人： Boris Oreper , Richard F. Eilbert , Andrew Dean Foland , Kenneth E. Prather , Thomas David Plamondon
IPC分类号： H01J35/02
CPC分类号： G01V5/0025 , G01V5/005
摘要： A system may comprise a cathode, a target, one or more switches, and a conductive element. The cathode may be configured and arranged to generate an electron beam, and the target may be configured and arranged to emit radiation when electrons in the electron beam impact the target after being accelerated by an energy source. The one or more switches may be configured and arranged to apply either a first voltage or a second voltage from a power supply between the cathode and the target. The conductive element may be disposed between the cathode and the target so as to inhibit the electron beam generated by the cathode from reaching the target when a signal is applied to the conductive element.
摘要翻译：系统可以包括阴极，靶，一个或多个开关和导电元件。阴极可以被配置和布置成产生电子束，并且靶可以被配置和布置成当电子束中的电子在被能量源加速之后撞击靶时发射辐射。一个或多个开关可以被配置和布置成施加来自阴极和靶之间的电源的第一电压或第二电压。导电元件可以设置在阴极和靶之间，以便当信号被施加到导电元件时，抑制由阴极产生的电子束到达目标。

10. 发明授权

US07369642B2 X-ray imaging technique 失效
标题翻译： X射线成像技术
公开(公告)号：US07369642B2
公开(公告)日：2008-05-06
申请号：US10554272
申请日：2004-04-20
申请人： Richard F. Eilbert , Alan R. Sieving
发明人： Richard F. Eilbert , Alan R. Sieving
IPC分类号： G01N23/04
CPC分类号： G01V5/0016 , G01N23/04 , G01T1/2928
摘要： A security system for detecting contraband such as explosives. The system has a source of radiation and a detector array. A detector array is made of many small detectors, each with a fast response time. The fast response time allows individual radiation photon interactions with each detector to be counted. By counting the number of interactions in an interval of time, the amount of radiation reaching the detector can be measured. The magnitude of the response from the detector to each radiation interaction allows measurement of the energy level of the photons interacting with the detector. Such a system provides significant flexibility in analyzing data collected from items under inspection. For example, objects such as contraband can be identified within the item under inspection by processing the data to accurately determine both the density and type of material.
摘要翻译：用于检测爆炸品等违禁品的安全系统。该系统具有辐射源和检测器阵列。检测器阵列由许多小型检测器组成，每个具有较快的响应时间。快速响应时间允许对每个检测器进行单独的辐射光子相互作用计数。通过计算一段时间内的相互作用次数，可以测量到达检测器的辐射量。从检测器到每个辐射相互作用的响应的大小允许测量与检测器相互作用的光子的能级。这样的系统在分析从被检查的物品中收集的数据方面提供了很大的灵活例如，通过处理数据来准确地确定材料的密度和类型，可以在检查项目内识别违禁品等物品。

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