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1. 发明授权

US4802006A Signal processing unit for producing a selected one of signals predictive of original signals 失效
标题翻译：用于产生预测原始信号的选定信号的信号处理单元
公开(公告)号：US4802006A
公开(公告)日：1989-01-31
申请号：US796682
申请日：1985-11-12
申请人： Kazumoto Iinuma , Toshio Koga , Akihiro Furukawa , Sakae Okubo , Hideo Hashimoto , Naoki Mukawa
发明人： Kazumoto Iinuma , Toshio Koga , Akihiro Furukawa , Sakae Okubo , Hideo Hashimoto , Naoki Mukawa
IPC分类号： H04N19/50 , H04N7/12
CPC分类号： H04N19/503
摘要： In a predictive encoder for use particularly in a conference television system, a signal processing unit is used in producing a prediction signal and comprises three prediction circuits (22, 23, 31) and a selection circuit (24) coupled to the prediction circuits. The prediction circuits are for producing an inframe, an interframe, and a background prediction signals, respectively. Those signals are produced by processing an original signal at instants which precede a current instant and are different from one another. The selection circuit is for selecting one of the inframe, the interframe, and the background prediction signals. Therefore, it is possible to produce the prediction signal suitably predictive of the original signal. The signal processing circuit serves equally well in a predictive decoder.
摘要翻译：在特别是在会议电视系统中使用的预测编码器中，信号处理单元用于产生预测信号，并且包括三个预测电路（22,23,31）和耦合到预测电路的选择电路（24）。预测电路分别用于产生帧间帧，帧间帧和背景预测信号。这些信号通过在当前时刻之前的时刻处理原始信号而产生，并且彼此不同。选择电路用于选择帧内，帧间和背景预测信号之一。因此，可以产生适当地预测原始信号的预测信号。信号处理电路在预测解码器中同样良好地工作。

2. 发明授权

US4920426A Image coding system coding digital image signals by forming a histogram of a coefficient signal sequence to estimate an amount of information 失效
标题翻译：图像编码系统通过形成系数信号序列的直方图来对数字图像信号进行编码以估计信息量
公开(公告)号：US4920426A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-24
申请号：US118128
申请日：1987-11-09
申请人： Yoshinori Hatori , Toshio Koga , Kiichi Matsuda , Naoki Mukawa
发明人： Yoshinori Hatori , Toshio Koga , Kiichi Matsuda , Naoki Mukawa
IPC分类号： G06T9/00 , H04N7/26 , H04N7/30
CPC分类号： H04N19/14 , H04N19/126 , H04N19/132 , H04N19/149 , H04N19/176 , H04N19/46 , H04N19/60 , H04N19/13 , H04N19/146 , H04N19/91
摘要： In an image coding system having a plurality of coding characteristics, such as quantization characteristics, information of a digital image signal sequence is monitored in each of a number of predetermined intervals by forming a histogram of a sequence of coefficients which is calculated from the digital image signal sequence in accordance with each of the coding characteristics. The amount of information is calculated by summing up the coefficients in relation to every one of the coding characteristics. An optimum one of the coding characteristics is indicated by the coding control circuit to code the coefficient sequence into a sequence of coded signals in accordance with the optimum coding characteristic. The coefficient sequence in each frame may be divided into a sequence of blocks each of which is judged to be either valid or invalid in relation to each coding characteristic. Results of judgement may be included in the amount of information.
摘要翻译：在具有多个编码特性（诸如量化特性）的图像编码系统中，通过形成从数字图像计算出的系数序列的直方图来监视数字图像信号序列的信息，其数量以预定间隔的数量信号序列根据每个编码特性。通过将与每个编码特性相关的系数相加来计算信息量。由编码控制电路指示最佳编码特性之一，根据最佳编码特性将系数序列编码为编码信号序列。每个帧中的系数序列可以被划分为块序列，每个块的序列被判断为与每个编码特性有关或无效。判断结果可能包括在信息量中。

3. 发明授权

US4805017A System for coding and transmitting motion image signals 失效
标题翻译：用于编码和传输运动图像信号的系统
公开(公告)号：US4805017A
公开(公告)日：1989-02-14
申请号：US21909
申请日：1987-03-04
申请人： Masahide Kaneko , Kiichi Matsuda , Naoki Mukawa , Toshio Koga
发明人： Masahide Kaneko , Kiichi Matsuda , Naoki Mukawa , Toshio Koga
IPC分类号： H04N19/50 , G06T9/00 , H04N7/18 , H04N7/12
CPC分类号： H04N19/61 , H04N19/503 , H04N19/30
摘要： A motion compensation difference interframe or intra-frame coding system includes a block data redundancy compression and coding unit, a PIXEL data coding unit and a prediction data generator unit. The block data redundancy compression and coding unit codes a motion compensated (MC) difference between an input image in a block and a motion predicted image from the prediction data generator unit, and transmits coded data to a receiver. The PIXEL data coding unit receives an error between the MC difference and a decoded MC difference from the block data redundancy compression and coding unit, rearranges the error in PIXEL data and codes the PIXEL error, when the error is greater than a predetermined value. The PIXEL coded data is also transmitted to the receiver. The prediction data generator unit generates predicted block data of the motion of the image. The redundancy compression and coding unit may include a filter circuit rejecting pulse components contained in the MC difference.
摘要翻译：运动补偿差分帧间或帧内编码系统包括块数据冗余压缩编码单元，PIXEL数据编码单元和预测数据生成单元。块数据冗余压缩和编码单元对来自预测数据发生器单元的块中的输入图像和运动预测图像之间的运动补偿（MC）差进行编码，并将编码数据发送到接收器。 PIXEL数据编码单元从块数据冗余压缩和编码单元接收MC差异和解码的MC差异之间的错误，重新排列PIXEL数据中的错误，并在错误大于预定值时对PIXEL错误进行编码。 PIXEL编码数据也被发送到接收机。预测数据生成部生成图像的运动的预测块数据。冗余压缩编码单元可以包括拒绝包含在MC差异中的脉冲分量的滤波器电路。

4. 发明授权

US06344804B1 Vehicle-onboard ETC apparatus and method with visible/audible ETC-relevant information messaging 失效
标题翻译：车载车载ETC设备和方法，具有可见/可听的ETC相关信息消息
公开(公告)号：US06344804B1
公开(公告)日：2002-02-05
申请号：US09688833
申请日：2000-10-17
申请人： Toshio Koga
发明人： Toshio Koga
IPC分类号： G08G100
CPC分类号： G07B15/063
摘要： A vehicle-onboard ETC apparatus mounted on a motor vehicle which informs a driver of ETC-relevant information interchanged with an ETC facility installed at a toll gate via an image as well as a voice, and which requires minimal extension of hardware. The apparatus determines and discriminates field intensity for received ETC-relevant information without using any specific measuring apparatus, while outputting the field intensity information as an image or voice. The apparatus includes a communication unit for interchanging toll charge/payment information with the ETC facility of the toll gate when the motor vehicle passes through the toll gate, signal conversion means for converting the received toll charge/payment information into an image signal and a voice signal, a display device for displaying the image signal resulting from the conversion, and a voice signal output unit for outputting the voice signal resulting from the conversion through an audible signal converting unit.
摘要翻译：安装在机动车辆上的车载ETC装置，其通过图像和语音通知驾驶员将ETC相关信息与安装在收费站上的ETC设备交换并且需要最少的硬件扩展。该装置在不使用任何特定测量装置的同时确定并鉴别所接收的ETC相关信息的场强，同时输出场强信息作为图像或语音。该装置包括通信单元，用于当机动车辆通过收费站时，与收费站的ETC设施交换长途费用/支付信息;信号转换装置，用于将收到的费用/支付信息转换成图像信号和语音信号，用于显示由转换产生的图像信号的显示装置和用于输出通过可听信号转换单元的转换产生的语音信号的语音信号输出单元。

5. 发明授权

US4942476A Recording system for recording on a ROM image signal information which has been subjected to efficient redundancy coding 失效
标题翻译：用于记录已经经过有效冗余编码的ROM图像信号信息的记录系统
公开(公告)号：US4942476A
公开(公告)日：1990-07-17
申请号：US189138
申请日：1988-05-02
申请人： Toshio Koga , Junichi Ohki , Mutsumi Ohta , Hideto Kunihiro
发明人： Toshio Koga , Junichi Ohki , Mutsumi Ohta , Hideto Kunihiro
IPC分类号： H04N5/92 , G11B20/10 , H04N5/85 , H04N5/926
CPC分类号： H04N5/9262 , H04N5/85
摘要： In a recording system, a sequence of image signals obtained from a sequence of images are used to generate and record a sequence of recordable signals on a read only memory. Efficient coding of the received sequence of image signals is carried out through the use of a given parameter which is adaptively and dynamically changed, preferably manually, through a parameter controller acting as the interactive device. The image signals are repeatedly subjected to the efficient coding process. The process uses a sequence of predictive signals to produce coded signals. The predictive signals are displayed on a monitor display device to be monitored by an operator. The operator changes the attributes of the parameter until an optimum image is obtained. The optimum parameter is stored on a magnetic tape. The image signals subjected to the efficient coding enable the production of a sequence of coded image signals which are recorded on the read only memory in synchronism with the optimum parameter, after the optimum image has been obtained.
摘要翻译：在响应于一系列图像信号以在主图像记录介质上记录一系列记录信号的记录系统中，通过使用通过参数控制器自适应地从一个到另一个改变的参数来执行有效的编码 35）作为人机交互设备。参考一系列预测值信号V（i），将图像信号重复地提供给记录系统以进行有效编码。预测值信号显示在监视器显示装置（37）上，由操作者监视。操作人员可以通过使用最佳参数，观看显示设备，将参数从一个改变到另一个直到显示最佳图像。最佳参数在磁带（36）上发送。在获得最佳图像之后，将图像信号经受有效编码成与记录在主图像记录介质上的编码图像信号序列同步的最佳参数。

6. 发明授权

US4684923A Encoder with selective indication of compression encoding and decoder therefor 失效
标题翻译：具有压缩编码选择性指示的编码器及其解码器
公开(公告)号：US4684923A
公开(公告)日：1987-08-04
申请号：US774648
申请日：1985-09-11
申请人： Toshio Koga
发明人： Toshio Koga
IPC分类号： G06T9/00 , H03M7/48 , H04N7/32
CPC分类号： H04N19/93 , H03M7/48
摘要： On encoding a cluster and run sequence comprising clusters of non-zero signal elements and runs of zero signal elements into a code sequence with application of a compression encoding scheme selectively to the clusters and without application of the encoding scheme to the runs, a mode code is used to indicate application of the encoding scheme to each selected cluster and to represent a zero signal element next preceding the selected cluster in a next preceding run. In the code sequence, the mode code next precedes a succession of amplitude codes representative of the selected cluster and next succeeds a run length code preferably representative of that run length of the next preceding run from which the next preceding zero signal element is reduced. Alternatively, the mode code may indicate switching between application and non-application of the encoding scheme to partial sequences each of which starts with a cluster next succeeded by a run. In either event, a particular code is preferably used to indicate an end of each run. On decoding, the mode code is detected preferably with reference to the particular code to decide whether or not each amplitude code succession should be decoded according to an expansion decoding scheme which corresponds to the encoding scheme.
摘要翻译：在对簇进行编码并且将包括非零信号元素的簇和零信号元素的运行序列运行到具有压缩编码方案的代码序列中，并且不对编码方案应用于运行时，模式代码用于指示编码方案对每个选择的群集的应用，并且在下一个前一个运行中表示在所选群集之前的零信号元素。在代码序列中，模式代码接着代表所选择的簇的一系列幅度代码，并且接下来成功地运行优先代表下一个前一个运行的运行长度的运行长度代码，下一个前一个零信号单元从该运行长度减少。或者，模式代码可以指示在编译方案的应用和非应用之间切换到部分序列，每个部分序列以随后的运行接着的群集开始。在任一情况下，优选地使用特定代码来指示每次运行的结束。在解码时，优选地，参考特定代码来检测模式码，以根据对应于编码方案的扩展解码方案来决定是否应该对每个幅度码继承进行解码。

7. 发明授权

US4656511A Video signal compressing and coding apparatus 失效
标题翻译：视频信号压缩编码装置
公开(公告)号：US4656511A
公开(公告)日：1987-04-07
申请号：US656147
申请日：1984-09-28
申请人： Toshio Koga
发明人： Toshio Koga
IPC分类号： G06T9/00 , H04N7/36 , H04N7/12
CPC分类号： H04N19/51
摘要： A video signal compression circuit for encoding a video signal to reduce the quantity of video information that is transmitted without loss of information, and a video signal decompressing circuit for recovering the video signal from its compressed coded form. The encoding circuit includes means for dividing the video signal of each television frame into blocks, each block including a plurality of picture elements distributed over several scan lines. The information in each block is analyzed to detect image movement in that block and a movement detection signal corresponding to each block is produced. Thereafter, the movement detection signal is rearranged to have a time sequence which corresponds to the sequential order of the picture elements in the original video signal. With the help of the rearranged movement detection signal, the original video signal is coded in accordance with a predictive-coding scheme into a form which allows it to be transmitted over a television signal carrier. In alternate embodiments, the movement detection signal remains in a time sequence which corresponds to its block form and instead the video signal is converted to have a time sequence which corresponds to the time sequence of the movement detection signal.
摘要翻译：一种视频信号压缩电路，用于编码视频信号以减少在不丢失信息的情况下发送的视频信息的数量;以及视频信号解压缩电路，用于从其压缩的编码形式中恢复视频信号。编码电路包括用于将每个电视帧的视频信号划分为块的装置，每个块包括分布在几条扫描线上的多个图像元素。分析每个块中的信息以检测该块中的图像移动，并且产生对应于每个块的移动检测信号。此后，将移动检测信号重新排列成具有对应于原始视频信号中的图像元素的顺序的时间序列。借助于重新布置的移动检测信号，原始视频信号根据预测编码方案被编码成允许其通过电视信号载体传输的形式。在替代实施例中，移动检测信号保持在对应于其块形式的时间序列中，而视频信号被转换为具有对应于移动检测信号的时间序列的时间序列。

8. 发明授权

US4006297A Television signal coding system 失效
标题翻译：电视信号编码系统
公开(公告)号：US4006297A
公开(公告)日：1977-02-01
申请号：US614986
申请日：1975-09-19
申请人： Toshio Koga
发明人： Toshio Koga
IPC分类号： H04N19/00 , H04N7/12
CPC分类号： H04N19/503
摘要： A television signal coding system is designed to avoid any increase in the volume of information transmitted resulting from transmission of unnecessary picture elements, while at the same time reducing the volume of address information required. The picture elements are compared one by one between successive frames, and the magnitude of the frame-to-frame differences is compared with a predetermined threshold value to determine whether the change is significant or not. A predetermined number of consecutive picture elements forms a unit region. A line of horizontal scan is divided into regions, each including a predetermined number of unit regions, and for each of such regions the decision is made as to whether it includes at least one significant unit region or not. Each of the significant regions is further divided, and for each of the resulting divisions the decision is made as to whether it is significant or not. In this manner, each scanning line is divided step by step until a train of significant unit regions is obtained. The code resulting from the several divisions is used as the address information.
摘要翻译：电视信号编码系统被设计为避免由于不必要的图像元素的传输而导致的信息量的任何增加，同时减少了所需的地址信息量。在连续帧之间逐个比较图像元素，并且将帧到帧差异的大小与预定阈值进行比较，以确定变化是否显着。预定数量的连续图像元素形成单位区域。水平扫描线被划分为各自包括预定数量的单位区域的区域，并且对于这些区域中的每一个，决定其是否包括至少一个有效单元区域。每个重要地区进一步划分，对于每个结果部门，决定是否重要。以这种方式，每个扫描线被逐步分割，直到获得一列有效单位区域。由几个部门产生的代码用作地址信息。

9. 发明授权

US07567919B1 Vehicle-onboard ETC apparatus 失效
标题翻译：车载ETC设备
公开(公告)号：US07567919B1
公开(公告)日：2009-07-28
申请号：US09688834
申请日：2000-10-17
申请人： Toshio Koga
发明人： Toshio Koga
IPC分类号： G07B15/00
CPC分类号： G08G1/052 , G07B15/063
摘要： A vehicle-onboard ETC apparatus capable of conducting ETC information communication includes a vehicle speed detector for detecting a speed of a motor vehicle which passes through a toll gate station equipped with an ETC system, a communication unit for exchanging ETC information for settlement of toll charge/payment with the toll gate station upon passing therethrough, a measuring unit for measuring reception field intensity of the received ETC information within a communication coverage area, and a decision unit for making decision on the basis of the detected vehicle speed and the measured reception field intensity as to a location within the communication coverage area where ETC information communication can be started while sustaining favorable field intensity for signal reception at the detected vehicle speed, to thereby allow the communication means to perform communication processing on the basis of the result of the above decision.
摘要翻译：能够进行ETC信息通信的车载ETC装置包括用于检测通过配备有ETC系统的收费站的机动车辆的速度的车速检测器，用于交换ETC信息用于结算收费费用的通信单元通过后与收费站站台进行支付;测量单元，用于测量通信覆盖区域内接收到的ETC信息的接收场强;以及判定单元，用于根据检测到的车辆速度和测量的接收场地进行判定在通信覆盖区域内的能够启动ETC信息通信的位置的强度，同时在检测到的车辆速度下维持用于信号接收的有利的场强，从而允许通信装置基于上述结果进行通信处理决定。

10. 发明授权

US5953064A Image signal encoding system capable of correctly encoding an editing image signal before and after switching time points of selection of input dynamic image signals 失效
标题翻译：图像信号编码系统能够在输入动态图像信号的选择的切换时间点之前和之后正确编码编辑图像信号
公开(公告)号：US5953064A
公开(公告)日：1999-09-14
申请号：US83705
申请日：1998-05-22
申请人： Yoshiaki Nozawa , Toshio Koga
发明人： Yoshiaki Nozawa , Toshio Koga
IPC分类号： H04N5/268 , G11B27/031 , H04N7/24 , H04N19/114 , H04N19/142 , H04N19/172 , H04N19/50 , H04N19/503 , H04N7/32
CPC分类号： H04N21/23424 , G11B27/031 , H04N19/61 , H04N19/107
摘要： An image signal encoding system which is capable of correctly encoding an editing image signal before and after switching points of a first input dynamic image signal and a second input dynamic image signal. The image signal encoding system selects, as an editing image signal, one of the first and the second input dynamic image signals, each of which has serial image plane frames to encode the editing image signal. A switching signal is produced which is used to select as the editing image signal one of the first and second input dynamic image signals. An image encoder encodes the editing image signal, using spatial correlation, an initial image plane frame of the editing image signal after a switching time point of selection of the first and second input dynamic image signals. The image encoder encodes, using previous forecast in correlation between two successive image plane frames of the serial image plane frames, a final image plane frame before the switching time point of selection of the first and second input dynamic image signals.
摘要翻译：一种能够对第一输入动态图像信号和第二输入动态图像信号的切换点之前和之后的编辑图像信号进行正确编码的图像信号编码系统。图像信号编码系统选择作为编辑图像信号的第一和第二输入动态图像信号中的每一个具有用于对编辑图像信号进行编码的串行图像平面帧。产生用于选择第一和第二输入动态图像信号之一的编辑图像信号的切换信号。在选择第一和第二输入动态图像信号的切换时间点之后，图像编码器使用空间相关来编辑编辑图像信号，编辑图像信号的初始图像平面帧。图像编码器使用在串行图像平面帧的两个连续图像平面帧之间的相关性中的先前预测，在选择第一和第二输入动态图像信号的切换时间点之前的最终图像平面帧进行编码。

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