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1. 发明授权

US08046413B2 Automatic commutativity detection for generalized paxos 有权
标题翻译：广义paxos的自动交换检测
公开(公告)号：US08046413B2
公开(公告)日：2011-10-25
申请号：US11057591
申请日：2005-02-14
申请人： Jonathan R. Howell , Jacob R. Lorch , John R. Douceur , Leslie B. Lamport
发明人： Jonathan R. Howell , Jacob R. Lorch , John R. Douceur , Leslie B. Lamport
IPC分类号： G06F15/16
CPC分类号： G06F11/187 , G06F11/1683 , G06F2201/82
摘要： Synchronized devices comprising a distributed system attempt to agree on a compatible sequence of commands to execute. Each device in the distributed system may act as a proposer, acceptor, or a learner. Each proposer proposes a command for each device to execute. The acceptors either accept or reject the proposed commands. The learners keep track of the proposed commands and determine, using a transactional substrate, whether the acceptors have a accepted sequences of commands that commute with respect to one another. Once the learners have determined that a quorum of acceptors have accepted sequences of commands that commute with respect to one another the accepted commands are executed by each device in the distributed system.
摘要翻译：包括分布式系统的同步设备尝试对要执行的命令的兼容序列达成一致。分布式系统中的每个设备可以充当提议者，接受者或学习者。每个提议者为每个设备提出一个命令来执行。接受者接受或拒绝提出的命令。学习者跟踪所提出的命令，并使用事务底层来确定接受者是否具有相互相互通信的接受的命令序列。一旦学习者确定接受者的数量已经接受了相互之间通勤的命令序列，则接受的命令由分布式系统中的每个设备执行。

2. 发明授权

US09753754B2 Enforcing deterministic execution of threads of guest operating systems running in a virtual machine hosted on a multiprocessor machine 有权
公开(公告)号：US09753754B2
公开(公告)日：2017-09-05
申请号：US11489819
申请日：2006-07-20
申请人： Jonathan R. Howell , Eric Traut , Jacob R. Lorch , John R. Douceur
发明人： Jonathan R. Howell , Eric Traut , Jacob R. Lorch , John R. Douceur
IPC分类号： G06F9/46 , G06F9/455 , G06F11/14
CPC分类号： G06F9/45558 , G06F11/1484 , G06F2009/45566 , G06F2201/815
摘要： A virtual machine monitor (VMM) is configured to enforce deterministic execution of virtual machines in a multiprocessor machine. The VMM is configured to ensure that any communication by physical processors via shared memory is deterministic. When such VMMs are implemented in a distributed environment of multiprocessor machines coupled via a logical communication link, non-deterministic server applications running on virtual machines using the VMM may be replicated.

3. 发明申请

US20100318630A1 Leveraging Remote Server Pools for Client Applications 有权
标题翻译：利用客户端应用程序的远程服务器池
公开(公告)号：US20100318630A1
公开(公告)日：2010-12-16
申请号：US12484356
申请日：2009-06-15
申请人： Jonathan R. Howell , Jeremy E. Elson , John R. Douceur , Jacob R. Lorch
发明人： Jonathan R. Howell , Jeremy E. Elson , John R. Douceur , Jacob R. Lorch
IPC分类号： G06F15/16
CPC分类号： G06F9/5055 , G06F2209/509
摘要： Techniques for enabling client computing devices to leverage remote server pools for increasing the effectiveness of applications stored on the client computing device are described herein. In some instances, the server pools comprise a “cloud”, “cluster” or “data center” that comprises hundreds or thousands of servers connected together by a network that has an extremely low latency and high bandwidth relative to the network through which the client computing device connects to the server pool. The client computing device may request that the server pool perform a certain task for an application whose canonical state resides on the client. After computation of a result of the task, a server of the server pool then provides the result to the client. By doing so, the techniques dramatically increase the amount of resources working on the request of the client and, hence, dramatically increase the speed and effectiveness of the client-side application.
摘要翻译：本文描述了使客户端计算设备能够利用远程服务器池来增加存储在客户端计算设备上的应用的有效性的技术。在某些情况下，服务器池包括一个“云”，“集群”或“数据中心”，其中包含数百或数千个由网络连接在一起的服务器，网络具有相对于网络极低的延迟和高带宽，客户端计算设备连接到服务器池。客户端计算设备可以请求服务器池为其规范状态驻留在客户端上的应用执行特定任务。在计算任务的结果之后，服务器池的服务器然后将结果提供给客户端。通过这样做，这些技术大大增加了根据客户端请求工作的资源量，从而大大提高了客户端应用程序的速度和有效性。

4. 发明申请

US20100287618A1 Executing Native-Code Applications in a Browser 有权
标题翻译：在浏览器中执行本地代码应用程序
公开(公告)号：US20100287618A1
公开(公告)日：2010-11-11
申请号：US12463892
申请日：2009-05-11
申请人： Jonathan R. Howell , Jacob R. Lorch , Jeremy E. Elson , John R. Douceur
发明人： Jonathan R. Howell , Jacob R. Lorch , Jeremy E. Elson , John R. Douceur
IPC分类号： G06F21/22 , G06F9/445 , G06F15/177
CPC分类号： G06F21/53 , G06F8/60 , G06F9/468 , G06Q20/1235
摘要： Techniques for leveraging legacy code to deploy native-code desktop applications over a network (e.g., the Web) are described herein. These techniques include executing an application written in native code within a memory region that hardware of a computing device enforces. For instance, page-protection hardware (e.g., a memory management unit) or segmentation hardware may protect this region of memory in which the application executes. The techniques may also provide a narrow system call interface out of this memory region by dynamically enforcing system calls made by the application. Furthermore, these techniques may enable a browser of the computing device to function as an operating system for the native-code application. These techniques thus allow for execution of native-code applications on a browser of a computing device and, hence, over the Web in a resource-efficient manner and without sacrificing security of the computing device.
摘要翻译：本文描述了利用传统代码通过网络（例如，Web）来部署本地代码桌面应用程序的技术。这些技术包括执行在计算设备的硬件实施的存储器区域内以本地代码编写的应用程序。例如，页面保护硬件（例如，存储器管理单元）或分段硬件可以保护应用程序执行的存储器区域。这些技术还可以通过动态地执行由应用程序进行的系统调用来提供超出该存储器区域的窄系统调用接口。此外，这些技术可以使得计算设备的浏览器能够用作本地代码应用的操作系统。因此，这些技术允许在计算设备的浏览器上执行本地代码应用，并因此允许以资源有效的方式在Web上执行，而不会牺牲计算设备的安全性。

5. 发明授权

US07334154B2 Efficient changing of replica sets in distributed fault-tolerant computing system 有权
标题翻译：分布式容错计算系统中复制集的有效改变
公开(公告)号：US07334154B2
公开(公告)日：2008-02-19
申请号：US10871134
申请日：2004-06-18
申请人： Jacob R. Lorch , Jonathan R. Howell , John R. Douceur
发明人： Jacob R. Lorch , Jonathan R. Howell , John R. Douceur
IPC分类号： G06F11/00
CPC分类号： G06F11/182 , G06F11/187
摘要： A distributed computing system can be operated in a fault tolerant manner using a set of computing devices. A set of computing devices can tolerate a number of failures by implementing identical replicas of a state machine and selecting proposals. The set of computing devices participating in the distributed computing system by hosting replicas can be modified by adding or removing a computing device from the set, or by specifying particular computing devices for participation. Changing the participating computing devices in the set increases fault tolerance by replacing defective devices with operational devices, or by increasing the amount of redundancy in the system.
摘要翻译：分布式计算系统可以使用一组计算设备以容错方式操作。一组计算设备可以通过实现状态机的相同副本并选择提议来容忍许多故障。通过托管副本参与分布式计算系统的计算设备组可以通过从组中添加或移除计算设备，或通过指定特定的计算设备来参与来修改。通过用操作设备替换有缺陷的设备，或通过增加系统中的冗余量来改变设备中参与的计算设备来增加容错能力。

6. 发明授权

US09588803B2 Executing native-code applications in a browser 有权
标题翻译：在浏览器中执行本地代码应用程序
公开(公告)号：US09588803B2
公开(公告)日：2017-03-07
申请号：US12463892
申请日：2009-05-11
申请人： Jonathan R. Howell , Jacob R. Lorch , Jeremy E. Elson , John R. Douceur
发明人： Jonathan R. Howell , Jacob R. Lorch , Jeremy E. Elson , John R. Douceur
IPC分类号： G06Q99/00 , G06F9/46 , G06Q20/12 , G06F21/53
CPC分类号： G06F21/53 , G06F8/60 , G06F9/468 , G06Q20/1235
摘要： Techniques for leveraging legacy code to deploy native-code desktop applications over a network (e.g., the Web) are described herein. These techniques include executing an application written in native code within a memory region that hardware of a computing device enforces. For instance, page-protection hardware (e.g., a memory management unit) or segmentation hardware may protect this region of memory in which the application executes. The techniques may also provide a narrow system call interface out of this memory region by dynamically enforcing system calls made by the application. Furthermore, these techniques may enable a browser of the computing device to function as an operating system for the native-code application. These techniques thus allow for execution of native-code applications on a browser of a computing device and, hence, over the Web in a resource-efficient manner and without sacrificing security of the computing device.
摘要翻译：本文描述了利用传统代码通过网络（例如，Web）来部署本地代码桌面应用程序的技术。这些技术包括执行在计算设备的硬件实施的存储器区域内以本地代码编写的应用程序。例如，页面保护硬件（例如，存储器管理单元）或分段硬件可以保护应用程序执行的存储器区域。这些技术还可以通过动态地执行由应用程序进行的系统调用来提供超出该存储器区域的窄系统调用接口。此外，这些技术可以使得计算设备的浏览器能够用作本地代码应用的操作系统。因此，这些技术允许在计算设备的浏览器上执行本地代码应用，并因此允许以资源有效的方式在Web上执行，而不会牺牲计算设备的安全性。

7. 发明授权

US08549106B2 Leveraging remote server pools for client applications 有权
标题翻译：利用客户端应用程序的远程服务器池
公开(公告)号：US08549106B2
公开(公告)日：2013-10-01
申请号：US12484356
申请日：2009-06-15
申请人： Jonathan R. Howell , Jeremy E. Elson , John R. Douceur , Jacob R. Lorch
发明人： Jonathan R. Howell , Jeremy E. Elson , John R. Douceur , Jacob R. Lorch
IPC分类号： G06F15/16
CPC分类号： G06F9/5055 , G06F2209/509
摘要： Techniques for enabling client computing devices to leverage remote server pools for increasing the effectiveness of applications stored on the client computing device are described herein. In some instances, the server pools comprise a “cloud”, “cluster” or “data center” that comprises hundreds or thousands of servers connected together by a network that has an extremely low latency and high bandwidth relative to the network through which the client computing device connects to the server pool. The client computing device may request that the server pool perform a certain task for an application whose canonical state resides on the client. After computation of a result of the task, a server of the server pool then provides the result to the client. By doing so, the techniques dramatically increase the amount of resources working on the request of the client and, hence, dramatically increase the speed and effectiveness of the client-side application.
摘要翻译：本文描述了使客户端计算设备能够利用远程服务器池来增加存储在客户端计算设备上的应用的有效性的技术。在某些情况下，服务器池包括一个“云”，“集群”或“数据中心”，其中包含数百或数千个由网络连接在一起的服务器，网络具有相对于网络极低的延迟和高带宽，客户端计算设备连接到服务器池。客户端计算设备可以请求服务器池为其规范状态驻留在客户端上的应用执行特定任务。在计算任务的结果之后，服务器池的服务器然后将结果提供给客户端。通过这样做，这些技术大大增加了根据客户端请求工作的资源量，从而大大提高了客户端应用程序的速度和有效性。

8. 发明授权

US09455992B2 Trusted hardware component for distributed systems 有权
标题翻译：分布式系统的可信硬件组件
公开(公告)号：US09455992B2
公开(公告)日：2016-09-27
申请号：US12483338
申请日：2009-06-12
申请人： John R. Douceur , David M Levin , Jacob R. Lorch , Thomas Moscibroda
发明人： John R. Douceur , David M Levin , Jacob R. Lorch , Thomas Moscibroda
IPC分类号： G06F15/16 , H04L29/06 , H04L9/32
CPC分类号： H04L63/123 , H04L9/3247 , H04L29/06 , H04L2209/127
摘要： Techniques for utilizing trusted hardware components for mitigating the effects of equivocation amongst participant computing devices of a distributed system are described herein. For instance, a distributed system employing a byzantine-fault-resilient protocol—that is, a protocol intended to mitigate (e.g., tolerate, detect, isolate, etc.) the effects of byzantine faults—may employ the techniques. To do so, the techniques may utilize a trusted hardware component comprising a non-decreasing counter and a key. This hardware component may be “trusted” in that the respective participant computing device cannot modify or observe the contents of the component in any manner other than according to the prescribed procedures, as described herein. Furthermore, the trusted hardware component may couple to the participant computing device in any suitable manner, such as via a universal serial bus (USB) connection or the like.
摘要翻译：在此描述了利用可信硬件组件来减轻分布式系统的参与者计算设备之间的混淆效应的技术。例如，采用拜占庭故障弹性协议的分布式系统 - 即旨在减轻（例如，容忍，检测，隔离等）拜占庭故障的影响的协议 - 可以采用这些技术。为了这样做，这些技术可以利用包括非递减计数器和密钥的可信硬件组件。该硬件组件可能是“可信赖的”，因为如本文所述，相应的参与者计算设备不能以除了根据规定的过程之外的任何方式修改或观察组件的内容。此外，可信硬件组件可以以任何合适的方式，例如经由通用串行总线（USB）连接等耦合到参与者计算设备。

9. 发明申请

US20080115121A1 Reducing Bandwidth Requirements for Peer-to-Peer Gaming Architectures 有权
标题翻译：降低对等游戏架构的带宽要求
公开(公告)号：US20080115121A1
公开(公告)日：2008-05-15
申请号：US11559338
申请日：2006-11-13
申请人： John R. Douceur , Jacob R. Lorch , Jeffrey Anson Pang , Frank Christopher Uyeda
发明人： John R. Douceur , Jacob R. Lorch , Jeffrey Anson Pang , Frank Christopher Uyeda
IPC分类号： G06F9/44 , G06N5/00 , G06F15/16
CPC分类号： A63F13/34 , A63F13/12 , A63F13/67 , A63F2300/407 , A63F2300/408 , A63F2300/6027 , H04L67/104 , H04L67/1059 , H04L67/30 , H04L67/38
摘要： Techniques enable the reduction of bandwidth requirements for peer-to-peer gaming architectures. In some embodiments, these techniques allow differentiation among players to decide which players should receive continuous updates and which should receive periodic updates. For those gaming systems receiving periodic updates, guided artificial intelligence is employed to simulate activity of a game object based on guidance provided by the periodic updates. Conversely, for those gaming systems receiving continuous updates, the continuous updates may be employed to update the activity of the game object rather than simulating the activity.
摘要翻译：技术可以减少对等游戏体系结构的带宽需求。在一些实施例中，这些技术允许玩家之间的区分，以决定哪些玩家应该接收连续的更新，哪些玩家应该接收周期性的更新。对于接收定期更新的那些游戏系统，采用引导人工智能来基于定期更新提供的指导来模拟游戏对象的活动。相反，对于接收连续更新的那些游戏系统，可以采用连续更新来更新游戏对象的活动，而不是模拟活动。

10. 发明授权

US08137199B2 Partitioned artificial intelligence for networked games 有权
标题翻译：网络游戏分区人工智能
公开(公告)号：US08137199B2
公开(公告)日：2012-03-20
申请号：US12029286
申请日：2008-02-11
申请人： John R. Douceur , Michael P. Calligaro , Randall C Wood , Jacob R. Lorch
发明人： John R. Douceur , Michael P. Calligaro , Randall C Wood , Jacob R. Lorch
IPC分类号： A63F9/24 , A63F13/00 , G06F17/00 , G06F19/00
CPC分类号： A63F13/355 , A63F13/10 , A63F13/12 , A63F13/30 , A63F13/34 , A63F13/358 , A63F13/60 , A63F2300/534 , A63F2300/538 , A63F2300/6009 , A63F2300/63
摘要： Partitioned artificial intelligence (AI) for networked gaming. An exemplary system splits the AI into a computationally lightweight server-side component and a computationally intensive client-side component to harness the aggregate computational power of numerous gaming clients. Aggregating resources of many, even thousands of client machines enhances game realism in a manner that would be prohibitively expensive on the central server. The system is tolerant of latency between server and clients. Deterministic and stateless client-side components enable rapid handoff, preemptive migration, and replication of the client-side AI to address problems of client failure and game exploitation. The partitioned AI can support tactical gaming navigation, a challenging task to offload because of sensitivity to latency. The tactical navigation AI calculates influence fields partitioned into server-side and client-side components by means of a Taylor-series approximation.
摘要翻译：网络游戏分区人工智能（AI）。示例性系统将AI分解成计算轻量级的服务器侧组件和计算密集型客户端组件，以利用众多游戏客户端的总计算能力。许多甚至数以千计的客户端机器的资源的集合增强了在中央服务器上昂贵的游戏现实感。系统容忍服务器和客户端之间的延迟。确定性和无状态的客户端组件可以实现客户端AI的快速切换，抢占式迁移和复制，以解决客户端故障和游戏开发问题。分割的AI可以支持战术游戏导航，这是一个具有挑战性的任务，因为对延迟的敏感度要卸载。战术导航AI通过泰勒级数近似计算分割成服务器端和客户端分量的影响场。

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