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    • 8. 发明授权
    • Apparatus and methods for high throughput network electrophysiology and cellular analysis
    • 用于高通量网络电生理和细胞分析的装置和方法
    • US09290756B2
    • 2016-03-22
    • US12615778
    • 2009-11-10
    • James RossEdgar A. BrownSwaminathan RajaramanMark G. AllenBruce Wheeler
    • James RossEdgar A. BrownSwaminathan RajaramanMark G. AllenBruce Wheeler
    • G01N33/487C12N13/00C12M1/42G01N33/483
    • C12N13/00B32B2535/00C12M1/42G01N33/4836G01N33/48728G01N33/48735Y10T156/10
    • Provided herein are apparatus and methods relating to the development of instrumentation for high throughput network electrophysiology and cellular analysis. More specifically, provided herein are multiwell microelectrode arrays (MEAs) and methods for the development of such an apparatus in an inexpensive fashion with a flexible, ANSI/SBS-compliant (American National Standards Institute/Society for Biomolecular Screening) format. Microelectrode arrays are a grid of tightly spaced microelectrodes useful for stimulating and sensing electrically active cells, networks and tissue. The techniques described herein relate to the use of microfabrication in combination with certain large-area processes that have been employed to achieve multiwell MEAs in ANSI/SBS-compliant culture well formats, which are also transparent for inverted/backside microscopy compatibility. These multiwell MEAs can be used to investigate two and three-dimensional networks of electrically active cells and tissue such as cardiac, neural, and muscular in a high throughput fashion. Also being ANSI/SBS-compliant, they are compatible with machinery and robotics developed for the pharmaceutical industry for drug screening applications.
    • 本文提供了与开发用于高通量网络电生理学和细胞分析的仪器相关的装置和方法。 更具体地,本文提供了多孔微电极阵列(MEA)和用于以便宜的方式开发这种装置的方法,其具有柔性的符合ANSI / SBS(美国国家标准协会/生物分子筛选学会)的格式。 微电极阵列是用于刺激和感测电活性细胞,网络和组织的紧密间隔的微电极的网格。 本文所述的技术涉及使用微加工与已经用于实现符合ANSI / SBS的培养孔格式的多孔MEA的某些大面积方法的组合,其对于倒置/背面显微镜兼容性也是透明的。 这些多孔MEA可用于以高通量方式研究电活性细胞和组织如心脏,神经和肌肉的两维和三维网络。 同样符合ANSI / SBS标准,它们与制药行业开发用于药物筛选应用的机械和机器人兼容。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Microfabricated mechanically actuated microtool and methods
    • 微型机械致动微型工具和方法
    • US07461882B2
    • 2008-12-09
    • US11271450
    • 2005-11-11
    • Yoonsu ChoiMark G. AllenJames RossStephen P. DeWeerth
    • Yoonsu ChoiMark G. AllenJames RossStephen P. DeWeerth
    • B25J15/12B25J7/00
    • C25D1/00B25J7/00B81C99/002Y10S294/902
    • Apparatus and processes are disclosed that provide a microfabricated microtool having a mechanically actuated manipulating mechanism. The microtool comprises a tweezer having flexible arms, and an actuating mechanism. A biological, electrical, or mechanical component is grasped, cut, sensed, or measured by the flexible arms. The actuating mechanism requires no electric power and is achieved by the reciprocating motion of a smooth, rigid microstructure applied against the flexible arms of the microtool. In certain implementations, actuator motion is controlled distally by a tethered cable. A process is also disclosed for producing a microtool, and in particular, by micropatterning. Photolithography may be used to form micro-molds that pattern the microtool or components of the microtool. In certain implementations, the tweezer and actuating mechanism are produced fully assembled. In other implementations, the tweezer and actuating mechanism are produced separately and assembled together.
    • 公开了提供具有机械致动的操纵机构的微加工微型工具的装置和方法。 微型工具包括具有柔性臂的镊子和致动机构。 通过柔性臂来抓住,切割,感测或测量生物,电或机械部件。 致动机构不需要电力,并且通过向微型工具的柔性臂施加的光滑的刚性微结构的往复运动来实现。 在某些实施方案中,致动器运动由系留电缆远程控制。 还公开了一种用于生产微型工具,特别是通过微图案化的方法。 可以使用光刻法来形成对微型工具或微型工具的组件进行图案化的微型模具。 在某些实施方案中,镊子和致动机构被完全组装。 在其他实施方式中,镊子和致动机构分开制造并组装在一起。