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    • 2. 发明授权
    • Thermoelectric paint color changing apparatus
    • 热电涂料变色装置
    • US5136850A
    • 1992-08-11
    • US615143
    • 1990-11-19
    • James L. BierschenkEdward J. BurkeDwight A. Johnson
    • James L. BierschenkEdward J. BurkeDwight A. Johnson
    • F25B21/02
    • F25B21/02
    • An apparatus for generating cold and hot for application selectively by contact on an object having a paint or coating whose color changes in response to cold and hot temperatures. The apparatus is easy to hold and handle with one hand while holding an object for application, e.g., a doll or toy car, in the other hand. The apparatus includes a battery powered thermoelectric device having a cold sink shaped to form a cold applicator for cooling the paint sufficiently to change its color, and a heat sink shaped to form a heat applicator for changing back the color. For a doll, the cold sink applicator is used to change, for example, the natural color of the lips and cheeks to a make-up color, and a heat sink shaped to form a comb for combing the doll's hair and a heat applicator for returning the natural color of the doll's lips and cheeks through heat application.
    • 一种用于通过接触在具有颜色响应于冷和热温度变化的涂料或涂层的物体上选择性地产生冷和热的装置。 另一方面,该装置在保持用于应用的物体(例如玩偶或玩具车)的同时易于握持和处理。 该装置包括一个电池供电的热电装置,它具有一个冷却槽,形成一个用于冷却涂料以充分改变其颜色的冷涂敷器,以及形成一个形成一个用于改变颜色的加热器的散热器。 对于玩偶来说,冷水槽施用器用于将例如嘴唇和脸颊的自然颜色改变成化妆颜色,以及形成为形成用于梳理娃娃头发的梳子的散热器和用于梳理娃娃头发的热施加器 通过热应用返回娃娃嘴唇和脸颊的自然色彩。
    • 3. 发明授权
    • Thermoelectric cooler
    • 热电冷却器
    • US4922822A
    • 1990-05-08
    • US283501
    • 1988-12-12
    • James L. BierschenkEdward J. Burke
    • James L. BierschenkEdward J. Burke
    • F25B21/02H01L35/32
    • H01L35/325F25B21/02
    • A thermoelectric cooler device having thermoelectric elements of n and p type semiconductor material arranged in rows and columns between insulating substrates of alumina or beryllia, or ceramic materials having a known emissivity is coated with material(s) having an emissivity substantially lower than that of the thermoelectric cooler. The coating includes a layer of insulating material on at least a portion of the surfaces of the thermoelectric cooler, a layer of diffusion barrier forming material on the insulating layer, and a layer of low emissivity material on the diffusion barrier layer. For example, the insulating layer is silicon dioxide having a thickness of about 10,000 Angstroms, the diffusion barrier layer is titanium tungsten having a thickness of about 400-500 Angstroms, and the low emissivity layer is gold having a thickness of about 1,000 Angstroms.
    • 具有在氧化铝或氧化铍的绝缘基板之间排列成行和列的n型和p型半导体材料的热电元件的热电冷却器装置或具有已知发射率的陶瓷材料被涂覆有发射率显着低于 热电冷却器。 涂层包括在热电冷却器的至少一部分表面上的绝缘材料层,绝缘层上的扩散阻挡层形成材料层和扩散阻挡层上的低辐射率材料层。 例如,绝缘层是具有约10,000埃厚度的二氧化硅,扩散阻挡层是厚度约为400-500埃的钛钨,低发射率层是厚度约为1000埃的金。
    • 4. 发明授权
    • Thermoelectric cooler
    • 热电冷却器
    • US5441576A
    • 1995-08-15
    • US248537
    • 1994-05-24
    • James L. BierschenkRichard A. HowarthNorbert J. Socolowski
    • James L. BierschenkRichard A. HowarthNorbert J. Socolowski
    • H01L35/08H01L35/30
    • H01L35/30H01L35/08
    • A thermoelectric heat pump which is resistant against thermal stresses incurred during thermal cycling of Thermal Cyclers or the like between cold and hot temperatures of about 0.degree. C. at a ramping rate up to about 1.degree. C. per second has improved joints between the thermoelements and electrical conductors which have low electrical resistance and which substantially reduce fractures during thermal cycling. The joints include a tin-silver-indium solder containing by weight about 95% tin, 3.5% silver, and 1.5% indium, or a tin-silver-cadmium solder containing by weight about 95.5% tin, 3.5% silver, and 1.0% cadmium. A robust nickel diffusion barrier between the joints and thermoelectric elements ends provides additional improvement against joint fracture.
    • 在约0℃的冷和热温度之间,热循环器等的热循环期间产生的耐热应力的热电热泵以每秒高达约1℃的升高速率具有改善的热电偶之间的接头 以及具有低电阻并且在热循环期间基本上减少断裂的电导体。 接头包括含有重量约95%锡,3.5%银和1.5%铟的锡 - 银 - 铟焊料,或含有重量约95.5%锡,3.5%银和1.0%锡的锡 - 银 - 镉焊料, 镉。 关节和热电元件末端之间的坚固的镍扩散屏障为关节骨折提供了额外的改进。
    • 6. 发明授权
    • Multistage heat pumps and method of manufacture
    • 多级热泵及其制造方法
    • US07763792B2
    • 2010-07-27
    • US11058029
    • 2005-02-14
    • Jeffrey W. SharpJames L. Bierschenk
    • Jeffrey W. SharpJames L. Bierschenk
    • H01L35/28
    • H01L35/32H01L23/38H01L35/325H01L2224/48091H01L2924/00014
    • A thermoelectric module is provided that includes a first thermally conductive plate with a first array of thermoelectric elements coupled to it. The first array of thermoelectric elements includes a first plurality of thermoelectric elements. The thermoelectric module also includes a second thermally conductive plate coupled to the first array of thermoelectric elements, and a second array of thermoelectric elements coupled to the second plate. The second array of thermoelectric elements includes a second plurality of thermoelectric elements. A third thermally conductive plate is coupled to the second array of thermoelectric elements. The thermoelectric module also includes a portion of each thermoelectric element of the first and second pluralities of thermoelectric elements being coplanar with at least a portion of every other thermoelectric element of the first and second pluralities of thermoelectric elements.
    • 提供了一种热电模块,其包括具有与其耦合的第一热电元件阵列的第一导热板。 第一热电元件阵列包括第一多个热电元件。 热电模块还包括耦合到第一热电元件阵列的第二导热板和耦合到第二板的第二热电元件阵列。 第二热电元件阵列包括第二多个热电元件。 第三导热板耦合到第二热电元件阵列。 热电模块还包括第一和第二多个热电元件的每个热电元件的一部分与第一和第二多个热电元件的每隔一个热电元件的至少一部分共面。