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    • 2. 发明授权
    • Electron beam addressed digital scanlaser
    • 电子束寻址数字扫描仪
    • US3555454A
    • 1971-01-12
    • US3555454D
    • 1968-07-15
    • IBM
    • MYERS ROBERT APOLE ROBERT V
    • H01S3/101H01S3/02
    • H01S3/101
    • A SCANLASER IS A DEVICE FOR EMITTING A BEAM OF COHERENT, LASER RADIATION FROM A DESIRED POINT OR AT A CONTROLLED ANGLE OF DEFLECTION. AN OPTICAL RESONATOR, CAPABLE OF SUPPORTING A LARGE NUMBER OF TRANSVERSE MODES OF OSCILLATION DRIVEN BY AN ASSOCIATED ACTIVE LASER MEDIUM, IS CONTROLLED BY AN ELECTRON BEAM TO ALLOW OSCILLATION ONLY IN CHOSEN MODES, THEREBY CONTROLLING THE ANGLE OF BEAM DEFLECTION OR POSITION OF BEAM EMISSION. A POLARIZER AND A BIREFRINGENT PLATE ARE USED AS A BIASING LIGHT ATTENUATOR TO SPOIL ALL OSCILLATORY MODES, THEREBY PREVENTING OSCILLATION. THE ELECTRON BEAM CHANGES SELECTED CONDUCTIVE, REFLECTING STRIPS WHICH CREATE AN ELECTROSTATIC FIELD IN STRIP-

      LIKE REGIONS OF AN ELECTRO-OPTIC CRYSTAL. THE FIELD-INFLUENCED STRIP-LIKE REGIONS OF THE CRYSTAL ARE THUS MADE BIREFRINGENT TO COMPENSATE FOR THE BIREFRINGENCE OF THE PLATE, THEREBY REDUCING ATTENUATION AND ALLOWING OSCILLATION OF ELECTRON-BEAM SELECTED MODES. EXTERNAL RESISTORS TO GROUND PROVIDE CONTROLLED LEAKAGE PATHS TO REDUCE OR CONTROL CHARGE PERSISTENCE IN THE CONDUCTIVE STRIPS.
    • 3. 发明授权
    • Method and device for detecting the velocity of droplets formed from a liquid stream
    • 用于检测从液体流形成的液滴的速度的方法和装置
    • US3907429A
    • 1975-09-23
    • US49569674
    • 1974-08-08
    • IBM
    • KUHN LAWRENCEMYERS ROBERT APENNINGTON KEITH SSHAH BANKIM R
    • G01P3/40B41J2/125G01P3/68G01P3/36G01D15/18G01D21/04G01F1/00
    • B41J2/125G01P3/68
    • Droplets from a liquid stream are directed between a pair of apertures and a light source, which is strobed at a selected frequency and directed toward the apertures. In one embodiment, the apertures are spaced less than a wavelength of the droplets apart and the light source is strobed at a frequency other than the frequency of the droplets. The time between when a first of the apertures is blocked by a droplet in the stream as indicated by the light being broken during a strobe and the time when a second of the apertures is blocked by another droplet when the light source is strobed is counted. This period of time will give the velocity of the droplets, and correction of the velocity is made, if the velocity of the droplets is not at the desired velocity, by changing the pressure, for example, of the manifold supplying the liquid stream until the desired velocity is obtained. In another embodiment, the apertures are spaced from each other a wavelength or an integral of the wavelength of the droplets, and the light source is strobed at the same frequency as the frequency at which the droplets are generated. The strobing frequency has its phase changed relative to the frequency of drop generation and the pressure of the stream changed until both of the apertures are blocked simultaneously. Any deviation from this indicates that the velocity of the droplets has changed and correction must be made.
    • 来自液体流的液滴被引导在一对孔和光源之间,该光源以选定的频率被选通并指向孔。 在一个实施例中,孔径间隔小于液滴的波长,并且光源以不同于液滴的频率的频率被选通。 在第一个孔之间的时间之间被流中的液滴阻挡,如在选通期间被断开的光所示,并且当光源被选通时,第二个孔被另一个液滴阻挡的时间被计数。 这个时间段将给出液滴的速度,如果液滴的速度不是所需的速度,则通过改变供应液体流的歧管的压力直到 获得所需的速度。 在另一个实施例中,孔彼此间隔开波长或液滴的波长的整体,并且以与产生液滴的频率相同的频率选通光源。 选通频率相对于液滴产生的频率具有相位变化,并且流的压力改变,直到两个孔同时被阻挡。 与此有任何偏差,表示液滴的速度发生变化,必须进行校正。
    • 5. 发明授权
    • Optical parametric amplification and detection system
    • 光学参数放大和检测系统
    • US3614462A
    • 1971-10-19
    • US3614462D
    • 1969-01-02
    • IBM
    • LEAN ERIC GMYERS ROBERT APENNINGTON KEITH S
    • G02F1/39H01S3/108H03C5/00H01S3/10
    • H01S3/1083G02F1/39
    • A system for parametric amplification and detection of signals using an acoustic diffraction device in combination with two or more laser cavities. Two types of operation are provided in the disclosure. In the first type of operation, two laser cavities are arranged so that the axes of the cavities intersect at a selected angle. An acoustic Bragg cell is located in the cavities at the intersection point. The two end mirrors of the first cavity are fully reflective. One mirror of the second cavity is fully reflective and the other mirror is partially reflective and partially transmissive. The first laser cavity is operated above threshold condition and the second cavity is operated below threshold condition. When a signal having a particular frequency f is applied to the Bragg cell, part of the laser light of the first cavity is diffracted into the second cavity and raises the gain of the cavity above the threshold condition. The second cavity then oscillates and the output of the second cavity is detected through the partially transmissive mirror. In the second type of operation, the structure is the same, however, if desired, both cavities may operate above threshold. When a signal at frequency f is applied to the Bragg cell, light is diffracted from the first cavity into the second cavity and the two cavities become coupled and oscillate only at frequencies which can be supported by the two cavities operating independently. The laser light from the output mirror therefore changes frequency indicating the detection of a signal at frequency f.