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    • 4. 发明授权
    • Nuclear fuel assembly with improved spectral shift-producing rods
    • 具有改进的光谱变换产生棒的核燃料组件
    • US4687621A
    • 1987-08-18
    • US638333
    • 1984-08-06
    • Harry M. Ferrari
    • Harry M. Ferrari
    • G21C3/32G21C3/326G21C7/04G21C7/22G21C7/27G21C7/26
    • G21C7/27G21C3/326G21C7/04G21C7/22G21Y2002/201G21Y2002/301G21Y2004/30G21Y2004/302G21Y2004/402Y02E30/38Y02E30/39
    • An improved spectral shift-producing rod in a fuel assembly of a nuclear reactor has an elongated hollow tubular body with a pair of end plugs attached to its opposite ends to hermetically seal the rod. A burnable poison material is contained in the hollow body. The material generates a gas within the body as operation of the reactor proceeds. Also, the material is soluble in moderator water when brought into contact with the same. The rod has a weakened structural region which is subject to rupture at a given level of internal pressure. Preferably, the weakened region takes the form of a thinned disc-like portion formed in at least one of the end plugs. The water soluble material within the rod depresses power initially by absorbing neutrons. Absorption of neutrons causes generation of helium gas which increases internal pressure within the rod. When the internal pressure exceeds the rupture strength of the weakened region of the rod, the hermetic seal is broken and water enters the rod. The absorber material is gradually dissolved so that eventually the rod fills with water. This results in increase moderation which provides extra reactivity within the fuel assembly.
    • 在核反应堆的燃料组件中的改进的光谱变换产生棒具有细长的中空管状体,其具有附接到其相对端的一对端塞以气密地密封杆。 中空体内装有可燃毒物。 当反应器的运行进行时,材料在体内产生气体。 此外,当与其接触时,该材料可溶于调节剂水中。 杆具有弱化的结构区域,其在给定的内压水平下经受破裂。 优选地,弱化区域呈现形成在至少一个端塞中的变薄的盘状部分的形式。 杆内的水溶性物质最初通过吸收中子来压制动力。 吸收中子会引起氦气的产生,这增加了棒内的内部压力。 当内部压力超过杆的弱化区域的断裂强度时,气密密封破裂,水进入杆内。 吸收材料逐渐溶解,最终杆充满水。 这导致增加温度,其在燃料组件内提供额外的反应性。
    • 6. 发明授权
    • System and method for continuous separation of isotopes
    • 用于连续分离同位素的系统和方法
    • US5183548A
    • 1993-02-02
    • US682839
    • 1991-04-09
    • Thomas S. SnyderJohn F. JackovitzHarry M. Ferrari
    • Thomas S. SnyderJohn F. JackovitzHarry M. Ferrari
    • B01D15/08B01D57/02B01D59/38G01N27/447G01N30/02G01N30/34G01N30/44G01N30/58G01N30/60
    • B01D15/1892B01D15/3885B01D57/02B01D59/38G01N27/44769G01N30/58G01N30/6047G01N30/6052G01N30/6069G01N2030/342G01N2030/587G01N30/02G01N30/34G01N30/44
    • The invention is both a system and method for continuously separating heavier from lighter isotopes of a particular element, such as zirconium. The system comprises a housing, a column assembly rotatably mounted with respect to the housing which includes a plurality of vertically oriented separation cells arranged in a circle, each of which contains a packing material, both a feed electrolyte source and a barren electrolyte source, each of which has an outlet mounted in the housing for continuously introducing either a feed electrolyte or a barren electrolyte into each of the cells as they rotate past the outlets, and upper and lower electrodes disposed over the upper and lower ends of the separation cells for inducing the electromigration of the lighter zirconium ions toward the lower ends of each of the separation cells. A drain assembly disposed beneath the column assembly continuously collects isotopic enriched electrolyte from the bottom ends of the separation cells. The speed of rotation of the column assembly is coordinated with the rate of eluant flow through the cells so that the same segments of the annular tray of the drain assembly continuously collect eluant enriched in a particular type of zirconium isotope.
    • 本发明是用于连续分离较重的特定元素如锆的较轻同位素的系统和方法。 该系统包括壳体,相对于壳体可旋转地安装的柱组件,其包括布置成圆形的多个垂直取向的分离单元,每个分离单元包含填充材料,进料电解质源和贫瘠电解质源,每个 其具有安装在壳体中的出口,用于在馈送电解质或贫电解质旋转通过出口时连续引入进料电解质或贫电解质,以及设置在分离单元的上端和下端上的上电极和下电极,用于诱导 较轻的锆离子向每个分离单元的下端的电迁移。 设置在塔组件下方的排水组件从分离单元的底端连续地收集富含同位素的电解质。 柱组件的旋转速度与流过细胞的洗脱液流速协调,使得排出组件的环形盘的相同部分连续收集富集特定类型的锆同位素的洗脱液。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Pellet-clad interaction resistant nuclear fuel element
    • 颗粒包覆相互作用的核燃料元素
    • US4783311A
    • 1988-11-08
    • US73560
    • 1987-07-15
    • Harry M. Ferrari
    • Harry M. Ferrari
    • G21C3/18G21C3/20
    • G21C3/18G21C3/20G21Y2002/104G21Y2002/20G21Y2002/303G21Y2004/10G21Y2004/30Y02E30/40Y10S376/902
    • Nuclear fuel elements are provided that are resistant to pellet-clad interaction. The closed end nuclear fuel elements comprise a zirconium or zirconium alloy tube that has a layer of lubricant, preferably graphite, on the inner surface thereof, and enriched uranium dioxide pellets that have a coating on the outer surface thereof of a thickness sufficient to absorb fission products. The coating on the pellets may be a burnable absorber or a material that has a relatively low neutron absorption compared to a burnable absorber. The combination of the layer on the tube and the coating on the pellets reduces both the stress level and the concentration of damaging fission products that would contact and react with the layer of lubricant about the inside surface of the tubular cladding and thus reduces conditions for pellet-clad interaction.
    • 提供了耐颗粒包层相互作用的核燃料元件。 封闭式核燃料元件包括在其内表面上具有润滑剂层,优选石墨层的锆或锆合金管,以及在其外表面上具有足以吸收裂变的厚度的浓缩二氧化铀颗粒 产品。 颗粒上的涂层可以是可燃性吸收剂或与可燃性吸收剂相比具有相对低的中子吸收的材料。 管上的层和颗粒上的涂层的组合减少了与管状包层的内表面周围的润滑剂接触和反应的破坏性裂变产物的应力水平和浓度,从而减少了颗粒的条件 单向交互