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1. 发明授权

US4713826A Method and apparatus for holding or increasing the temperature in a metal melt 失效
标题翻译：用于保持或提高金属熔体中温度的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4713826A
公开(公告)日：1987-12-15
申请号：US903303
申请日：1986-09-03
申请人： Hans J. Bebber , Dieter Neuschutz , Heinrich-Otto Rossner
发明人： Hans J. Bebber , Dieter Neuschutz , Heinrich-Otto Rossner
IPC分类号： B22D41/01 , C21C5/52 , C21C7/00 , H05B7/00
CPC分类号： B22D41/01 , C21C5/5229 , C21C7/0075 , Y02P10/216
摘要： Apparatus for supplying thermal energy to a metal melt present in a receiving vessel after having been discharged from a melting furnace, the receiving vessel having a central axis, the apparatus includes at least two plasma torches disposed above the melt in the receiving vessel to direct a transferred electric arc at the melt, the torches being operated with alternating current and with a gas which is inert to the melt, while being cooled with water.Apparatus according to the invention includes a cover over the top of the vessel, the cover having a passage for the electrodes, and a component establishing a gas-tight seal between the cover and the electrodes.
摘要翻译：一种用于在已经从熔炉中排出的接收容器中存在的金属熔体中提供热能的设备，所述接收容器具有中心轴线，所述设备包括设置在所述接收容器中的所述熔体上方的至少两个等离子炬，以引导在熔体处转移电弧，在用水冷却的同时，用交流电和具有对熔体惰性的气体进行操作。根据本发明的装置包括在容器的顶部上的盖，盖具有用于电极的通道，以及在盖和电极之间建立气密密封的部件。

2. 发明授权

US5340961A Plasma torch for transmitted arcs 失效
标题翻译：等离子火炬用于传输弧
公开(公告)号：US5340961A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-23
申请号：US027741
申请日：1993-01-08
申请人： Hans J. Bebber , Heinrich-Otto Rossner , Gebhard Tomalla
发明人： Hans J. Bebber , Heinrich-Otto Rossner , Gebhard Tomalla
IPC分类号： B23K10/00 , H05H1/34
CPC分类号： H05H1/341 , H05H1/34 , H05H2001/3457
摘要： Parasite arcs which occur during the operation of plasma torches have an adverse economic effect and endanger important parts of the torch. Countermeasures of the prior art are only partly effective. Equipping the annular passage between the electrode and the surrounding nozzle which carries the plasma gas with an electrically insulating lining on the inside of the nozzle provides only partial protection. To insulate the segment of the inner wall part of a water-cooled nozzle adjacent to the end wall part by means of insulating parts penetrating the wall part in question from the outer segment is very expensive and complex, depending on the design and the choice of insulation materials. The invention proposes that secondary passages be distributed uniformly between the annular passage for the plasma gas and an annular passage between the nozzle endpiece and the torch casing, uniformly over the circumference. Through these secondary passages, a portion of the plasma gas is diverted and used to cool the nozzle end area and to displace electrically conducting deposits of dusts etc. and plasma arc flashbacks. A flange which is guided so that it slides in this annular passage also acts, by means of relative movements caused by temperature, to prevent the formation of electrical bridges by contaminants.
摘要翻译：在等离子体火炬操作期间发生的寄生弧具有不利的经济效应并危及割炬的重要部分。现有技术的对策仅部分有效。将电极和周围喷嘴之间的环形通道装配在喷嘴内侧上带有电绝缘衬层的等离子体气体仅提供部分保护。为了通过绝缘部件与端壁部分邻近的水冷喷嘴的内壁部分的绝缘部分从外部部分绝缘是非常昂贵和复杂的，这取决于设计和选择保温材料。本发明提出，二次通道在等离子气体的环形通道和喷嘴端部件与割炬套管之间的环形通道均匀分布在圆周上。通过这些二次通道，等离子体气体的一部分被转向并用于冷却喷嘴端部区域并且移置导电的灰尘等沉积物和等离子弧回火。被引导使得其在该环形通道中滑动的凸缘也通过由温度引起的相对运动而起作用，以防止由污染物形成电桥。

3. 发明授权

US4645899A Plasma torch with hollow fluid cooled nozzle 失效
标题翻译：等离子火炬与中空流体冷却喷嘴
公开(公告)号：US4645899A
公开(公告)日：1987-02-24
申请号：US781136
申请日：1985-09-27
申请人： Hans J. Bebber , Heinrich-Otto Rossner , Gebhard Tomalla
发明人： Hans J. Bebber , Heinrich-Otto Rossner , Gebhard Tomalla
IPC分类号： H05H1/34 , B23K15/00
CPC分类号： H05H1/34 , H05H2001/3436
摘要： In a plasma torch having an output end, the torch including an electrode having a longitudinal axis, and a generally cylindrical nozzle body surrounding, and positioned concentrically with, the electrode and the nozzle body, the nozzle body includes: a radially symmetrical, generally cylindrical inner wall spaced radially from the electrode; a radially symmetrical, generally cylindrical outer wall surrounding, and arranged concentrically with respect to, the inner wall; a front end wall located in the vicinity of the torch output end and joining together the inner and outer walls; and an electrical insulating component forming part of at least one of the inner and front end walls and extending entirely across its associated wall for electrically insulating the inner and outer walls from one another at at least one location in the vicinity of the front end wall.
摘要翻译：在具有输出端的等离子体焰炬中，所述手电筒包括具有纵向轴线的电极和围绕并与所述电极和所述喷嘴体同心地布置的大致圆柱形的喷嘴体，所述喷嘴体包括：径向对称的，大致圆柱形的内壁与电极径向间隔开; 径向对称的，大致圆柱形的外壁，围绕内壁同心地布置; 位于火炬输出端附近并将内壁和外壁连接在一起的前端壁; 以及电绝缘部件，其形成所述内端壁和所述前端壁中的至少一个的一部分，并且完全延伸穿过其相关联的壁，用于在所述前端壁附近的至少一个位置处将所述内壁和外壁彼此电绝缘。

4. 发明授权

US4818836A Power supply for a three-phase plasma heating unit 失效
标题翻译：三相等离子加热装置的电源
公开(公告)号：US4818836A
公开(公告)日：1989-04-04
申请号：US100768
申请日：1987-09-23
申请人： Hans J. Bebber , Heinrich-Otto Rossner , Bernhard Espendiller
发明人： Hans J. Bebber , Heinrich-Otto Rossner , Bernhard Espendiller
IPC分类号： H02M5/04 , B23K10/00 , G05F1/08 , H05H1/36 , B23K9/00
CPC分类号： B23K10/006 , H05H1/36
摘要： A power supply for a three-phase plasma heating unit includes a three-phase transformer having a primary winding group with taps which are switched under load. The transformer also has secondary winding groups which are offset by a 60.degree. phase angle, the secondary winding groups being connected to the three-phase plasma heating unit. Converter units are also connected to the secondary winding groups. Each converter unit includes a three-phase thyristor bridge and a choke connected to the bridge. Another embodiment employs two three-phase transformers. The first transformer has a secondary winding group with taps which are switched under load. The second transformer has a primary winding group which is connected to the secondary winding group of the first transformer. The second transformer also has secondary winding groups which are offset by a 60.degree. phase angle, the secondary winding groups being connected to the three-phase plasma heating unit. Converter units, each including a three-phase thyristor bridge and a choke, are connected to the secondary winding groups.
摘要翻译：用于三相等离子体加热单元的电源包括三相变压器，其具有初级绕组组，其带有在负载下切换的抽头。变压器还具有偏置60°相位角的次级绕组，次级绕组组连接到三相等离子体加热单元。转换器单元也连接到次级绕组组。每个转换器单元包括三相晶闸管桥和连接到桥的扼流圈。另一实施例采用两个三相变压器。第一个变压器具有次级绕组，带有在负载下切换的抽头。第二变压器具有与第一变压器的次级绕组组连接的初级绕组组。第二变压器还具有偏置60°相位角的次级绕组，次级绕组连接到三相等离子体加热单元。每个包括三相晶闸管桥和扼流圈的转换器单元连接到次级绕组。

5. 发明授权

US4594496A Apparatus for introducing ionizable gas into a plasma of an arc burner 失效
标题翻译：用于将可电离气体引入电弧燃烧器的等离子体中的装置
公开(公告)号：US4594496A
公开(公告)日：1986-06-10
申请号：US550127
申请日：1983-11-09
申请人： Hans J. Bebber , Heinrich-Otto Rossner , Gebhard Tomalla
发明人： Hans J. Bebber , Heinrich-Otto Rossner , Gebhard Tomalla
IPC分类号： H05H1/32 , H05B7/18 , H05H1/34 , B23K9/00
CPC分类号： H05H1/34 , H05H2001/3436 , H05H2001/3478
摘要： A plasma burner for introducing an ionizable gas stream into an electric arc comprises a nozzle having an outlet opening for discharging the gas stream. The outlet opening is defined by an outlet part of the nozzle; the outlet part has an inner nozzle face conically tapering, at an acute first cone angle, in a direction of the outlet opening. The plasma burner further has an electrode surrounded by the outlet part and having an outer electrode face conically tapering, at an acute second cone angle, in the direction of the outlet opening. The inner nozzle face and the outer electrode face together define a conical annular channel.
摘要翻译：用于将可电离气流引入电弧的等离子体燃烧器包括具有用于排出气流的出口的喷嘴。出口开口由喷嘴的出口部分限定; 出口部分具有在出口开口的方向上以锐角的第一锥角锥形缩小的内喷嘴面。等离子体燃烧器还具有由出口部分包围的电极，并具有在出口开口的方向上以锐角的第二锥角锥形渐缩的外电极面。内喷嘴面和外电极面共同限定了一个锥形环形通道。

6. 发明授权

US4580031A Plasma burner and method of operation 失效
标题翻译：等离子燃烧器和操作方法
公开(公告)号：US4580031A
公开(公告)日：1986-04-01
申请号：US636411
申请日：1984-07-31
申请人： Hans J. Bebber , Gebhard Tomalla , Heinrich-Otto Rossner
发明人： Hans J. Bebber , Gebhard Tomalla , Heinrich-Otto Rossner
IPC分类号： H05H1/26 , B23K10/00 , H05H1/32 , H05H1/34 , B23K9/00
CPC分类号： H05H1/34 , H05H2001/3478
摘要： Plasma burner having a frontal face from which a plasma jet is to be projected, for producing a long initial firing arc, having first and second concentrically arranged electrodes extending perpendicularly to the frontal face, and a nozzle surrounding the electrodes, the first electrode being centrally arranged to constitute an auxiliary electrode and having a cylindrical main portion, an electrode tip at its front end and a conically tapered portion located between the main portion and the electrode tip and tapering toward the electrode tip, the second electrode being annular and surrounding the first electrode to constitute a nozzle electrode, and having a central channel composed, successively, in the direction toward the frontal face, of a first cylindrical section, a conically tapered section and a second cylindrical section smaller in diameter than the first cylindrical section, the central channel and the first electrode together forming an annular channel. The diameter of the first cylindrical section is 1.2 to 2.5 times the diameter of the cylindrical portion. The tapered portion and the tapered section each have a cone angle of 20.degree. to 80.degree.. The distance between the electrode tip and the plane of the transition between the conically tapered section and the second cylindrical section of the central channel, taken with reference to the direction in which the conically tapered portion tapers is such that the ratio of that distance to the diameter of the second cylindrical section is between -1 and +2.
摘要翻译：等离子体燃烧器具有要喷射等离子体射流的正面，用于产生长的初始点火弧，具有垂直于正面延伸的第一和第二同心布置的电极和围绕电极的喷嘴，第一电极为中心布置成构成辅助电极并且具有圆柱形主要部分，其前端处的电极末端和位于主体部分和电极头部之间的锥形部分，并且朝向电极尖端逐渐变细，第二电极环形并围绕第一电极电极构成喷嘴电极，并且具有沿朝向前表面的方向依次形成的第一圆柱形部分，锥形锥形部分和直径小于第一圆柱形部分的第二圆柱形部分的中心通道，中心部分通道和第一电极一起形成环形通道。第一圆筒部的直径是圆筒部的直径的1.2〜2.5倍。锥形部分和锥形部分均具有20°至80°的锥角。参考锥形锥形部分渐缩的方向，电极尖端与锥形锥形部分与中心通道的第二圆柱形部分之间的过渡平面之间的距离使得该距离与第二圆柱形部分的直径在-1和+2之间。

7. 发明授权

US4632700A Method and apparatus for holding or increasing the temperature in a metal melt 失效
标题翻译：用于保持或提高金属熔体中温度的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4632700A
公开(公告)日：1986-12-30
申请号：US785592
申请日：1985-10-08
申请人： Hans J. Bebber , Dieter Neuschutz , Heinrich-Otto Rosser
发明人： Hans J. Bebber , Dieter Neuschutz , Heinrich-Otto Rosser
IPC分类号： B22D41/01 , C21C5/52 , C21C7/00 , C22B4/00
CPC分类号： B22D41/01 , C21C5/5229 , C21C7/0075 , Y02P10/216
摘要： Method and apparatus for supplying thermal energy to a metal melt present in a receiving vessel after having been discharged from a melting furnace, the receiving vessel having a central axis, by disposing at least two plasma torches above the melt in the receiving vessel to direct a transferred electric arc at the melt; and operating the torches with alternating current and with a gas which is inert to the metal melt, while cooling the torches with water.Apparatus according to the invention includes a cover over the top of the vessel, the cover having a passage for the electrodes, and a component establishing a gas-tight seal between the cover and the electrodes.
摘要翻译：通过在接收容器中设置熔体上方的至少两个等离子体炬，将熔融物中的至少两个等离子体炬放置在接收容器中，以便将熔融物中的至少两个等离子体炬放置在熔融炉中，在熔体处转移电弧; 并用交流电和具有对金属熔体惰性的气体操作割炬，同时用水冷却焊炬。根据本发明的装置包括在容器的顶部上的盖，盖具有用于电极的通道，以及在盖和电极之间建立气密密封的部件。

8. 发明授权

US5406047A Plasma torch for melting material to be processed in a container and for maintaining the material at the required temperature 失效
标题翻译：用于熔化在容器中处理的材料并用于将材料保持在所需温度的等离子体手电筒
公开(公告)号：US5406047A
公开(公告)日：1995-04-11
申请号：US50221
申请日：1993-12-13
申请人： Ulrich Katschinski , Friedrich Greilinger , Klaus Giertz , Hans J. Bebber
发明人： Ulrich Katschinski , Friedrich Greilinger , Klaus Giertz , Hans J. Bebber
IPC分类号： H05H1/34 , H05H1/38 , H05H1/44 , B23K10/00
CPC分类号： H05H1/34 , H05H1/38 , H05H1/44 , H05H2001/3436
摘要： The invention is directed to a plasma torch which projects into a container and is fastened at a supporting device and has a nozzle arranged at a burner lance, as well as a main electrode pipe with a main electrode arranged inside the burner lance, gaseous and liquid media as well as electric current being supplied to the main electrode via coaxially arranged pipes. An annular insulating member (21) is provided around the main electrode (10) in the region of its foot end and encloses the electrode (10) annularly, the casing (33) of the double-walled burner lance (30) which is held by the supporting device being fastened at this insulating member.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE91 / 00848 Sec。 371日期：1993年12月13日 102（e）日期1993年12月13日PCT 1991年10月29日PCT公布。出版物WO92 / 08335 日期：1992年5月14日。本发明涉及一种等离子体焰炬，其投射到容器中并被紧固在支撑装置上，并且具有布置在燃烧器喷枪上的喷嘴，以及主电极管，主电极布置在燃烧器喷枪，气体和液体介质以及通过同轴布置的管道将电流供应到主电极。环形绝缘构件（21）围绕主电极（10）在其脚端部分的周围设置，环状地包围电极（10），双壁燃烧器喷枪（30）的壳体（33）被保持通过支撑装置紧固在该绝缘构件上。

9. 发明授权

US5081640A Method of controlling a temperature of a molten metal 失效
标题翻译：控制金属温度的方法
公开(公告)号：US5081640A
公开(公告)日：1992-01-14
申请号：US522176
申请日：1990-05-11
申请人： Hans J. Bebber , Karsten Brabandt , Bernhard Espendiller
发明人： Hans J. Bebber , Karsten Brabandt , Bernhard Espendiller
IPC分类号： B22D41/005 , B22D2/00 , B22D11/10 , B22D11/11 , B22D46/00 , F27B3/28 , F27D11/08 , F27D19/00
CPC分类号： B22D2/006 , B22D11/11
摘要： A method of controlling the course over time of a target temperature of a molten metal in a ladle, for example, in which the required heating power is produced by at least one plasma torch. Determination is made of the variation with time of a target temperature, the mass of an outwardly flowing melt, and a specific heat value of the melt present in the ladle. From the foregoing values there is ascertained the course of a corresponding setting signal for obtaining the heating power necessary to obtain the desired temperature course. Simultaneously and continuously the actual temperature of the melt is measured. When the actual temperature of the melt deviates from its target temperature in excess of a predetermined tolerance, the setting signal for the heating power is changed by decreasing such setting when an actual temperature exceeds the target temperature, and increasing such setting when an actual temperature is less than the target temperature.
摘要翻译：控制钢包中熔融金属的目标温度随时间变化的方法，例如通过至少一个等离子体焰炬产生所需的加热功率。确定目标温度随着时间的变化，向外流动的熔体的质量以及存在于钢包中的熔体的比热值。根据上述值，确定了用于获得获得期望温度进程所需的加热功率的相应设置信号的过程。同时连续测量熔体的实际温度。当熔体的实际温度偏离目标温度超过预定公差时，当实际温度超过目标温度时，通过减小这种设定来改变加热功率的设定信号，并且当实际温度为小于目标温度。

10. 发明授权

US5292109A Device for coupling the current feed to a metallurgical vessel 失效
标题翻译：用于将当前进料耦合到冶金容器的装置
公开(公告)号：US5292109A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-08
申请号：US851014
申请日：1992-03-13
申请人： Hans J. Bebber , Bernhard Espendiller , Klaus Giertz , Ulrich Katschinski
发明人： Hans J. Bebber , Bernhard Espendiller , Klaus Giertz , Ulrich Katschinski
IPC分类号： F27D11/08 , H05B7/02 , H05B7/101
CPC分类号： H05B7/02
摘要： A device for coupling a flexible current feed (50) to a bottom electrode of a metallurgical vessel (10) having a first electrical coupling (20), including a second electrical coupling (30) for operatively engaging the first coupling (20), being connected to the current feed (50), a carrier element (60) and a compensating element (40) between the carrier element (60) and the second electrical coupling (30), the compensating element (40) balancing a force of the flexible current feed (50) on the first electrical coupling. The compensating element (40) may include a damper (42) in parallel to a spring (41), so that a movement of the second electrical coupling (30) with respect to the carrier element (60) is damped.
摘要翻译：一种用于将柔性电流进料（50）耦合到具有第一电耦合（20）的冶金容器（10）的底部电极的装置，包括用于可操作地接合第一联接器（20）的第二电耦合（30）连接到载体元件（60）和载体元件（60）和第二电耦合器（30）之间的载体元件（60）和补偿元件（40）之间的电流馈送（50），补偿元件（40）平衡柔性电流馈电（50）在第一电耦合上。补偿元件（40）可以包括平行于弹簧（41）的阻尼器（42），使得第二电耦合器（30）相对于载体元件（60）的移动被阻尼。

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