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1. 发明授权

US06789122B1 Mechanism for reliable update of virtual disk device mappings without corrupting data 有权
标题翻译：可靠地更新虚拟磁盘设备映射的机制，而不会破坏数据
公开(公告)号：US06789122B1
公开(公告)日：2004-09-07
申请号：US09587677
申请日：2000-06-05
申请人： Gregory L. Slaughter , Bernard A. Traversat , Robert J. Block , Xiaoyan Zheng
发明人： Gregory L. Slaughter , Bernard A. Traversat , Robert J. Block , Xiaoyan Zheng
IPC分类号： G06F1100
CPC分类号： G06F11/1423 , G06F11/201 , G06F2201/815
摘要： A cluster implements a virtual disk system that provides each node of the cluster access to each storage device of the cluster. The virtual disk system provides high availability such that a storage device may be accessed and data access requests are reliably completed even in the presence of a failure. To ensure consistent mapping and file permission data among the nodes, data are stored in a highly available cluster database. Because the cluster database provides consistent data to the nodes even in the presence of a failure, each node will have consistent mapping and file permission data. A cluster transport interface is provided that establishes links between the nodes and manages the links. Messages received by the cluster transports interface are conveyed to the destination node via one or more links. The configuration of a cluster may be modified during operation. Prior to modifying the configuration, a reconfiguration procedure suspends data access requests and waits for pending data access requests to complete. The reconfiguration is performed and the mapping is modified to reflect the new configuration. The node then updates the internal representation of the mapping and resumes issuing data access requests.
摘要翻译：集群实现虚拟磁盘系统，为集群的每个节点访问集群的每个存储设备。虚拟磁盘系统提供高可用性，使得即使存在故障也可以访问存储设备并且可靠地完成数据访问请求。为了确保节点之间一致的映射和文件许可数据，数据存储在高度可用的集群数据库中。因为即使在出现故障的情况下，集群数据库也为节点提供一致的数据，每个节点都将具有一致的映射和文件权限数据。提供集群传输接口，其建立节点之间的链路并管理链路。由群集传输接口接收的消息通过一个或多个链路被传送到目的地节点。集群的配置可能会在操作过程中进行修改。在修改配置之前，重新配置过程挂起数据访问请求并等待待完成的待处理数据访问请求。执行重新配置，并修改映射以反映新配置。然后该节点更新映射的内部表示，并恢复发布数据访问请求。

2. 发明授权

US6161191A Mechanism for reliable update of virtual disk device mappings without corrupting data 失效
标题翻译：可靠地更新虚拟磁盘设备映射的机制，而不会破坏数据
公开(公告)号：US6161191A
公开(公告)日：2000-12-12
申请号：US76346
申请日：1998-05-12
申请人： Gregory L. Slaughter , Bernard A. Traversat , Robert J. Block , Xiaoyan Zheng
发明人： Gregory L. Slaughter , Bernard A. Traversat , Robert J. Block , Xiaoyan Zheng
IPC分类号： G06F11/14 , G06F11/00
CPC分类号： G06F11/1423 , G06F11/201 , G06F2201/815
摘要： A cluster implements a virtual disk system that provides each node of the cluster access to each storage device of the cluster. The virtual disk system provides high availability such that a storage device may be accessed and data access requests are reliably completed even in the presence of a failure. To ensure consistent mapping and file permission data among the nodes, data are stored in a highly available cluster database. Because the cluster database provides consistent data to the nodes even in the presence of a failure, each node will have consistent mapping and file permission data. A cluster transport interface is provided that establishes links between the nodes and manages the links. Messages received by the cluster transports interface are conveyed to the destination node via one or more links. The configuration of a cluster may be modified during operation. Prior to modifying the configuration, a reconfiguration procedure suspends data access requests and waits for pending data access requests to complete. The reconfiguration is performed and the mapping is modified to reflect the new configuration. The node then updates the internal representation of the mapping and resumes issuing data access requests.
摘要翻译：集群实现虚拟磁盘系统，为集群的每个节点访问集群的每个存储设备。虚拟磁盘系统提供高可用性，使得即使存在故障也可以访问存储设备并且可靠地完成数据访问请求。为了确保节点之间一致的映射和文件许可数据，数据存储在高度可用的集群数据库中。因为即使在出现故障的情况下，集群数据库也为节点提供一致的数据，每个节点都将具有一致的映射和文件权限数据。提供集群传输接口，其建立节点之间的链路并管理链路。由群集传输接口接收的消息通过一个或多个链路被传送到目的地节点。集群的配置可能会在操作过程中进行修改。在修改配置之前，重新配置过程挂起数据访问请求并等待待完成的待处理数据访问请求。执行重新配置，并修改映射以反映新配置。然后该节点更新映射的内部表示，并恢复发布数据访问请求。

3. 发明授权

US6014669A Highly-available distributed cluster configuration database 失效
标题翻译：高可用的分布式集群配置数据库
公开(公告)号：US6014669A
公开(公告)日：2000-01-11
申请号：US954796
申请日：1997-10-21
申请人： Gregory L. Slaughter , Bernard A. Traversat , Robert J. Block
发明人： Gregory L. Slaughter , Bernard A. Traversat , Robert J. Block
IPC分类号： G06F11/20 , G06F11/14 , G06F12/00 , G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30581 , G06F2201/80 , G06F2201/82 , Y10S707/99931 , Y10S707/99933 , Y10S707/99937 , Y10S707/99942
摘要： The cluster configuration database is a distributed configuration database wherein a consistent copy of the configuration database is maintained on each active node of the cluster. Each node in the cluster maintains its own copy of the configuration database and configuration database operations can be performed from any node. Configuration database updates are automatically propagated to each node in a lock-step manner. If any node experiences a failure, the configuration database uses a reconfiguration protocol to insure consistent data in each node of the cluster. The cluster configuration database uses a two-level consistency update framework to insure consistent data among the nodes. Each local configuration database uses a self-contained consistency record to uniquely identify and stamp each copy of the configuration database. The consistency of each individual copy of the configuration database can be verified from the consistency record. Additionally, the cluster configuration database uses a two-phase commit protocol to guarantee the copies of the configuration database are consistent among the nodes. Cluster operations may be performed from any node in the cluster. Cluster operations include restore, checkpoint, update, query, and consistency checking. Because each node maintains a local copy of the configuration database, configuration database queries are local operations and can be performed in parallel among the nodes. Update operations are global operations that involve each active node of the cluster. The cluster configuration database uses a global locking mechanism that implements single write/multiple reader semantics.
摘要翻译：集群配置数据库是分布式配置数据库，其中在集群的每个活动节点上维护配置数据库的一致副本。集群中的每个节点都维护其自己的配置数据库副本，并且可以从任何节点执行配置数据库操作。配置数据库更新以锁定步骤的方式自动传播到每个节点。如果任何节点遇到故障，配置数据库将使用重配置协议来确保集群的每个节点中的一致数据。集群配置数据库使用两级一致性更新框架来确保节点之间的一致数据。每个本地配置数据库都使用独立的一致性记录来唯一标识和标记配置数据库的每个副本。可以从一致性记录中验证配置数据库的每个单独副本的一致性。另外，集群配置数据库使用两阶段提交协议来保证配置数据库的副本在节点之间是一致的。集群操作可以从集群中的任何节点执行。集群操作包括还原，检查点，更新，查询和一致性检查。由于每个节点维护配置数据库的本地副本，所以配置数据库查询是本地操作，可以在节点之间并行执行。更新操作是涉及群集的每个活动节点的全局操作。集群配置数据库使用实现单个写/多读取器语义的全局锁定机制。

4. 发明授权

US07716076B1 System and method for financing an insurance transaction 有权
标题翻译：保险交易融资的制度和方法
公开(公告)号：US07716076B1
公开(公告)日：2010-05-11
申请号：US11023048
申请日：2004-12-27
申请人： Robert J. Block , Andrew Carter
发明人： Robert J. Block , Andrew Carter
IPC分类号： G06Q40/00
CPC分类号： G06Q40/08
摘要： A method for structuring an insurance transaction. The method includes providing insurance coverage to reimburse an insured entity in the event that the insured entity incurs a loss based on the occurrence of one or more defined events, designating an insurance premium amount to be paid by the insured entity as an insurance premium. The method further includes requiring that the insurance premium amount be paid, at least in part, by a transfer of intellectual property assets, each intellectual property asset including a plurality of intellectual property rights.
摘要翻译：一种构建保险交易的方法。如果被保险人根据一个或多个定义事件的发生而导致损失，指定被保险实体作为保险费支付的保险费金额，则提供保险范围以偿还被保险实体。该方法还包括要求至少部分通过转让知识产权资产，每种知识产权资产包括多种知识产权来支付保险费。

5. 发明授权

US06658473B1 Method and apparatus for distributing load in a computer environment 有权
标题翻译：在计算机环境中分配负载的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06658473B1
公开(公告)日：2003-12-02
申请号：US09513655
申请日：2000-02-25
申请人： Robert J. Block , James G. Hanko , J. Kent Peacock
发明人： Robert J. Block , James G. Hanko , J. Kent Peacock
IPC分类号： G06F15173
CPC分类号： H04L67/1008 , G06F9/5033 , G06F9/505 , G06F9/5083 , G06F2209/5016 , H04L67/101 , H04L67/1019 , H04L67/1029 , H04L67/1034 , H04L69/329
摘要： The present invention provides a method and apparatus for distributing load in a multiple server computer environment. In one embodiment, a group manager process on each server periodically determines the server's capacity and load (i.e., utilization) with respect to multiple resources. The capacity and load information is broadcast to the other servers in the group, so that each server has a global view of every server's capacity and current load. When a given terminal authenticates to a server to start or resume one or more sessions, the group manager process of that server first determines whether one of the servers in the group already is hosting a session for that user. If that is the case, one embodiment of the present invention redirects the desktop unit to that server and the load-balancing strategy is not employed. Otherwise, for each resource and server, the proper load balancing strategies are performed to identify which server is best able to handle that particular session.
摘要翻译：本发明提供一种用于在多服务器计算机环境中分配负载的方法和装置。在一个实施例中，每个服务器上的组管理器进程周期性地确定服务器的相对于多个资源的容量和负载（即，利用率）。容量和负载信息被广播到组中的其他服务器，使得每个服务器具有每个服务器的容量和当前负载的全局视图。当给定终端向服务器认证以启动或恢复一个或多个会话时，该服务器的组管理器进程首先确定该组中的一个服务器是否正在托管该用户的会话。如果是这种情况，本发明的一个实施例将桌面单元重定向到该服务器，并且不采用负载均衡策略。否则，对于每个资源和服务器，执行适当的负载平衡策略，以确定哪个服务器最能够处理该特定会话。

6. 发明授权

US3951644A Method of producing iron and steel from iron ore 失效
标题翻译：从铁矿石生产钢铁的方法
公开(公告)号：US3951644A
公开(公告)日：1976-04-20
申请号：US467198
申请日：1974-05-06
申请人： Robert J. Block , James H. Christensen
发明人： Robert J. Block , James H. Christensen
IPC分类号： C21B5/06
CPC分类号： C21B5/06 , Y02P10/265 , Y02P10/283
摘要： The present invention relates to an improved method of producing molten iron and steel from iron ore wherein the iron ore is charged to a shaft furnace along with coke and limestone and the mixture is blasted with a heated gas so that the iron ore is reduced to pig iron. By the present invention, at least a portion of the furnace residue gas stream containing carbon monoxide is oxidized so that a heated gas stream is produced and oxygen is combined therewith. The resulting heated oxygen enriched gas stream is recycled into the furnace as blast gas.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种从铁矿石生产铁水和铁的改进方法，其中将铁矿石与焦炭和石灰石一起装入竖炉，并将混合物用加热气体喷射，使得铁矿石被还原成猪铁。通过本发明，含有一氧化碳的炉渣气流的至少一部分被氧化，从而产生加热的气流并与其结合氧气。所得到的加热富氧气流作为鼓风气体再循环到炉中。

7. 发明授权

US07401114B1 Method and apparatus for making a computational service highly available 有权
标题翻译：用于使计算服务高度可用的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07401114B1
公开(公告)日：2008-07-15
申请号：US09513015
申请日：2000-02-25
申请人： Robert J. Block , James G. Hanko , J. Kent Peacock
发明人： Robert J. Block , James G. Hanko , J. Kent Peacock
IPC分类号： G06F15/16 , G06F12/00
CPC分类号： G06F15/173 , H04L67/10 , H04L67/14 , H04L67/148 , H04L67/16 , H04L67/2814 , H04L69/08 , H04L69/40
摘要： The present invention provides a method and apparatus for making a computational service highly available in a multiple server computer environment. In the thin client computing paradigm, end user terminals rely on remote server computers for operation of most functions traditionally associated with personal computing. If the remote server computer fails, all of the users' computers will likewise fail. The present invention provides a solution by implementing a redundant server strategy and a redirection process. One or more servers hosting a communication to the terminal do not contain the only copy of permanent user data. This makes all session hosting servers interchangeable. If a server fails, the failure is detected and the terminal switches to another host server.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种用于在多服务器计算机环境中使计算服务高度可用的方法和装置。在瘦客户机计算范例中，终端用户终端依靠远程服务器计算机来操作传统上与个人计算相关联的大多数功能。如果远程服务器计算机出现故障，则所有用户的计算机也将失败。本发明通过实现冗余服务器策略和重定向过程来提供解决方案。托管与终端的通信的一个或多个服务器不包含永久用户数据的唯一副本。这使得所有会话托管服务器可互换。如果服务器发生故障，则检测到故障，终端切换到其他主机服务器。

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