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1. 发明授权

US4456072A Ice island structure and drilling method 失效
标题翻译：冰岛结构和钻孔方法
公开(公告)号：US4456072A
公开(公告)日：1984-06-26
申请号：US373976
申请日：1982-05-03
申请人： Gilbert H. Bishop
发明人： Gilbert H. Bishop
IPC分类号： E02B17/02 , E21B7/00 , E21B7/136 , E02D19/04
CPC分类号： E21B7/008 , E02B17/028 , E21B7/136
摘要： An off-shore ice island structure for location over a submerged drill site in waters which normally freeze in winter. The structure includes a buoyant protective caisson which freezes in position over the drill site upon onset of winter. A barge floats on water kept unfrozen within the caisson, and is connected to the caisson so it can be swivelled generally about a vertical axis to adjust the circumferential location of the drilling axis of drilling apparatus carried on the barge. The drilling apparatus is movable relative to the barge to enable further adjustment of the drilling axis location. The arrangement enables the drilling axis to be maintained in substantial vertical alignment with the drill site despite movement of the caisson caused by the surrounding shelf ice. The caisson is part of an ice island structure whose mass is built up by successive flooding and freezing steps to ground it on the sea bed. The capability for fixing the location of the drilling axis despite shelf ice movement permits drilling operations to commence long prior to grounding of the ice island.Various arrangements are disclosed for moving the barge from within the caisson for reuse at another drill site.
摘要翻译：一个离岸冰岛结构，位于通常在冬季冻结的水域的潜水钻井场所。该结构包括一个浮力的保护性沉箱，冬季开始时在钻井现场冻结。驳船漂浮在沉箱内未冷冻的水上，并连接到沉箱上，使其大致围绕垂直轴线旋转，以调整承载在驳船上的钻井设备钻孔轴线的周向位置。钻孔装置可相对于驳船移动，以进一步调整钻孔位置。该布置使得尽管由周围搁架冰引起的沉箱的移动，钻井轴线仍然保持与钻头位置基本垂直对准。沉箱是冰岛结构的一部分，它的质量由连续的淹水和冻结步骤构成，将其在海床上研磨。固定钻孔轴位置的能力尽管架冰运动允许钻井作业在冰岛接地之前开始很久。公开了用于从沉箱内移动驳船的各种布置，以便在另一个钻孔现场再次使用。

2. 发明授权

US4325656A Apparatus and method for forming off-shore ice island structure 失效
标题翻译：用于形成离岸冰岛结构的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US4325656A
公开(公告)日：1982-04-20
申请号：US167931
申请日：1980-07-14
申请人： Gilbert H. Bishop
发明人： Gilbert H. Bishop
IPC分类号： E02B17/02 , E02D23/00 , E02D27/32 , E02D19/04 , E02B3/00
CPC分类号： E02D23/00 , E02B17/028 , E02D27/32
摘要： A method and apparatus for forming an off-shore ice island structure in waters which normally freeze in the winter. The ice island is useful as a base for oil field operations, for oil and gas storage, for docking ships during thaw periods, and the like. The structure comprises a plurality of elongated hollow wall elements adapted to be vertically oriented and assembled in open water to form a bounded area. The elements become frozen in place during the winter and the bounded area is intermittently flooded at intervals to permit accumulation of ice sufficient to sink the ice island to the marine bottom. Additional wall elements are added to the first wall elements to form upward continuations to contain the flooding water and accumulated ice. Pumps are provided to convey water to the upper surface of the island for freezing, and to carry off brine during the freezing process. Refrigeration equipment can be utilized to keep the ice island in a frozen condition during seasonal thaws. The island can be adapted to be moved to other sites during thaw periods.
摘要翻译：在冬季通常冻结的水域中形成离岸冰岛结构的方法和装置。冰岛作为油田作业，石油和天然气储存，解冻期对接船等的基地是有用的。该结构包括多个细长的中空壁元件，其适于垂直定向并组装在开放水中以形成有界区域。元素在冬天被冻结在一起，有边界间歇地间歇地淹没，以允许冰积聚足以将冰岛沉淀到海底。另外的壁元件被添加到第一壁元件以形成向上延伸以容纳淹水和积冰。提供泵以将水输送到岛的上表面以进行冷冻，并在冷冻过程中运送盐水。可以利用制冷设备在季节性解冻期间将冰岛保持在冻结状态。该岛可以适应在解冻期间移动到其他地点。

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