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1. 发明授权

US4771712A Combustion of fuel containing alkalines 失效
标题翻译：燃烧含有碱的燃料
公开(公告)号：US4771712A
公开(公告)日：1988-09-20
申请号：US65757
申请日：1987-06-24
申请人： Folke Engstrom , Erkki Kiiskila , Pekka Tormikoski
发明人： Folke Engstrom , Erkki Kiiskila , Pekka Tormikoski
IPC分类号： C10L9/10 , C10L10/04 , F23C10/10 , F23C10/22 , F23J20060101 , F23J7/00 , F23D1/00
CPC分类号： F23C10/10 , C10L9/10 , F23J7/00 , F23C2206/101
摘要： A method of burning solid fuel having low melting point alkaline compositions, such as alkali metal salts, particularly lignite and salty brown coal. The fuel is introduced into the reaction chamber of a circulating fluidized bed reactor, and is mixed prior to introduction to the reaction chamber with a reactant material capable of reacting with the low melting point alkaline compositions of the fuel to produce high melting point alkali metal compounds during combustion. The temperature in the reaction chamber is kept below the melting point of the formed alkali metal compounds. The reactant material comprises silica oxide or a metal oxide, or hydroxide, of the group consisting of aluminum, calcium, magnesium, iron, titanium, and mixtures of two or more thereof. Kaolin is particularly effective, especially when the molar ratio of Al/(Na and K) is at least 1.0.
摘要翻译：一种燃烧具有低熔点碱性组合物的固体燃料的方法，例如碱金属盐，特别是褐煤和咸棕色煤。将燃料引入循环流化床反应器的反应室中，并在与反应物料引入反应室之前混合，反应物料能够与燃料的低熔点碱性组合物反应以产生高熔点碱金属化合物在燃烧过程中。反应室中的温度保持低于形成的碱金属化合物的熔点。反应物料包括氧化铝或金属氧化物或氢氧化物，它们由铝，钙，镁，铁，钛及其两种或多种的混合物组成。高岭土特别有效，特别是当Al /（Na和K）的摩尔比至少为1.0时。

2. 发明授权

US5620596A Falling film cross filtration apparatus 失效
标题翻译：落膜过滤装置
公开(公告)号：US5620596A
公开(公告)日：1997-04-15
申请号：US433348
申请日：1995-06-01
申请人： Holger Engdahl , Pekka Tormikoski
发明人： Holger Engdahl , Pekka Tormikoski
IPC分类号： B01D29/50 , B01D29/11 , B01D29/72 , B01D37/00 , B01D29/00
CPC分类号： B01D29/118 , B01D2201/0469 , B01D29/72
摘要： A cross-flow filtration apparatus is able to produce cleaner liquid, especially in the filtration of green liquor, then is typically possible. A housing contains a number of vertical filter elements each having a filter surface with first and second sides which are substantially free of filter cake. A higher gas pressure is provided on the first sides of the filter surfaces than the second sides, and filtered liquid passes through the filter surface from the first side to the second side. A first conduit withdraws filtrate from the second side of at least one of the surfaces, and a second conduit withdraws suspension liquid from adjacent the bottom of the filter elements and typically (though not necessarily) recirculates it. Suspension is introduced--such as in a tray with a perforated bottom mounted above the filter elements, and/or the nozzles--so that the suspension flows in a falling film down the first sides and in contact with them, so that filter cake does not form during operation. A sludge vessel is typically connected to the second conduit external of the housing, and an open dregs vessel distinct from the sludge vessel may be connected to a bottom portion of the housing.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / FI94 / 00485 Sec。 371日期：1995年6月1日 102（e）1995年6月1日PCT PCT 1994年10月27日PCT公布。公开号WO95 / 12446 日期1995年5月11日横流过滤装置能够生产更清洁的液体，特别是在绿液过滤中，因此通常是可能的。壳体包含多个垂直过滤器元件，每个过滤元件具有基本上没有滤饼的具有第一和第二侧面的过滤器表面。在过滤器表面的第一侧上设置比第二侧更高的气体压力，并且过滤的液体从第一侧向第二侧通过过滤器表面。第一管道从至少一个表面的第二侧抽出滤液，第二管道将悬浮液从附近的过滤器元件的底部抽出，通常（但不一定）使其再循环。引入悬浮液，例如在具有安装在过滤元件上方的穿孔底部的托盘和/或喷嘴中，使得悬浮液沿着第一侧向下流动并与其接触，使得滤饼不会形式在运作。污泥容器通常连接到壳体外部的第二导管，并且与污泥容器不同的开放的渣滓容器可以连接到壳体的底部。

3. 发明授权

US5788813A Clarifying and/or filtering of green liquor and an apparatus therefore 失效
标题翻译：因此澄清和/或过滤绿液和设备
公开(公告)号：US5788813A
公开(公告)日：1998-08-04
申请号：US704542
申请日：1996-09-11
申请人： Holger Engdahl , Martti Pokkinen , Pekka Tormikoski
发明人： Holger Engdahl , Martti Pokkinen , Pekka Tormikoski
IPC分类号： D21C11/04 , D21C11/00
CPC分类号： D21C11/0078 , Y02P40/44
摘要： A method and apparatus for treating green liquor from a sulphate pulp mill enhances the clarification of the green liquor and may easily be integrated into existing pulp mills. A first portion of the green liquor from the sulphate pulp mill is clarified in a clarifier to produce a clarified green liquor and a dregs-containing green liquor. The dregs-containing green liquor is filtered in a green liquor filter to produce filtrate and dregs. The filtrate is combined) with the clarified green liquor to produce a first combined stream; and the dregs are filtered in a dregs filter. A second portion of green liquor from the sulphate pulp mill is combined with the dregs-containing green liquor to produce a second combined stream, and the second combined stream is introduced into the green liquor filter. The dregs from step (b) are washed prior to filtering the dregs, the green liquor filter and washer comprising a single structure.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / FI95 / 00125 Sec。 371日期：1996年9月11日 102（e）日期1996年9月11日PCT Filed Mar. 6，1995 PCT Pub。出版物WO95 / 25198 日期1995年9月21日用于处理来自硫酸盐纸浆磨浆机的绿液的方法和设备增强了绿液的澄清，并且可以容易地集成到现有的纸浆厂中。来自硫酸盐纸浆厂的绿液的第一部分在澄清器中澄清以产生澄清的绿液和含渣渣的绿液。将含有渣的绿液在绿液过滤器中过滤以产生滤液和渣滓。将滤液合并）与澄清的绿液混合以产生第一组合流; 并且渣滓在渣滓过滤器中过滤。将来自硫酸盐纸浆磨机的第二部分绿液与含渣渣的绿液混合以产生第二组合料流，将第二组合料流引入绿液过滤器中。在过滤渣滓，绿液过滤器和包含单一结构的洗涤剂之前，将步骤（b）的渣滓洗涤。

4. 发明授权

US5618443A Clarification of green liquor by falling film cross-flow filtration 失效
标题翻译：澄清绿液通过落膜过滤
公开(公告)号：US5618443A
公开(公告)日：1997-04-08
申请号：US434689
申请日：1995-05-04
申请人： Holger Engdahl , Pekka Tormikoski
发明人： Holger Engdahl , Pekka Tormikoski
IPC分类号： B01D29/39 , B01D37/00 , B01D29/00
CPC分类号： B01D29/39
摘要： A filtering method and apparatus pass the suspension (e.g. green liquor) to be filtered in a falling film down a first side of a filtering surface of a filter element at a different (higher) pressure than a second side, so that due to the pressure difference prevailing across the filtering surface the filtrate flows through the filtering surface and separated solids substantially remain in the suspension, without forming an undesirable solids layer on the filtering surface. A uniform liquid film falling on the filtering surface is generated by recirculating suspension from the bottom of the filter housing to an upper portion of the filter element. Nozzles may direct flow toward the filtering surface in localized areas. The method may be practiced continuously or in batches.
摘要翻译：过滤方法和装置在与第二侧不同的（更高）的压力下将在过滤元件的过滤表面的第一侧的降膜中的待过滤的悬浮液（例如绿液）通过，使得由于压力过滤表面上的差异主要在于滤液流过过滤表面，分离的固体基本上保留在悬浮液中，而不会在过滤表面上形成不需要的固体层。落在过滤表面上的均匀的液膜通过从过滤器壳体的底部循环到过滤元件的上部而产生。喷嘴可以在局部区域中引导流向过滤表面。该方法可以连续地或分批地实施。

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