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1. 发明授权

US08569099B2 Enhanced methods for fabricating solar cells with textured surfaces 有权
标题翻译：用于制造具有纹理表面的太阳能电池的增强方法
公开(公告)号：US08569099B2
公开(公告)日：2013-10-29
申请号：US13595404
申请日：2012-08-27
申请人： Emanuel M. Sachs , James F. Bredt
发明人： Emanuel M. Sachs , James F. Bredt
IPC分类号： H01L21/00
CPC分类号： H01L31/02363 , C23C18/1607 , C23C18/1608 , C23C18/161 , C23C18/1635 , C23C18/1653 , C23C18/1692 , C23C18/1893 , C25D5/006 , C25D5/02 , C25D5/022 , C25D7/126 , H01L31/02168 , H01L31/022425 , Y02E10/50
摘要： Semiconductor photovoltaic cells have surfaces that are textured for processing and photovoltaic reasons. The absorbing regions may have grooves that reduce loss of solar energy that would otherwise be lost by reflection. One form of texturing has grooves and ridges. The cell also includes metallizations for collecting generated electrical carriers and conducting them away, which may be channels. The topography is considered during production, using a process that takes advantage of the topography to govern what locations will receive a specific processing, and which locations will not. Liquids are treated directly into zones. They migrate throughout a zone and act upon the locations contacted. They do not migrate to other zones, due to impediments to flow, such as edges, walls and ridges. Liquid may also be deposited and migrate within a zone, to block or mask a subsequent activity, such as etching.
摘要翻译：半导体光伏电池具有纹理的表面用于处理和光伏原因。吸收区域可以具有凹槽，其减少否则将被反射损失的太阳能损失。纹理的一种形式有凹槽和脊。电池还包括用于收集生成的电载体并将其导出的金属化，其可以是通道。在生产中考虑地形，使用利用地形来处理哪些位置将接收特定处理的过程，以及哪些位置不会。液体被直接处理进入区域。他们迁移到整个区域，并对所联系的地点采取行动。由于阻碍流动，例如边缘，墙壁和脊，它们不会迁移到其他区域。液体也可以沉积并在区域内迁移，以阻挡或掩蔽随后的活动，例如蚀刻。

2. 发明申请

US20110045627A1 SOLAR CELLS WITH TEXTURED SURFACES 有权
标题翻译：带有纹理表面的太阳能电池
公开(公告)号：US20110045627A1
公开(公告)日：2011-02-24
申请号：US12526438
申请日：2008-02-15
申请人： Emanuel M. Sachs , James F. Bredt
发明人： Emanuel M. Sachs , James F. Bredt
IPC分类号： H01L31/18
CPC分类号： H01L31/02363 , C23C18/1607 , C23C18/1608 , C23C18/161 , C23C18/1635 , C23C18/1653 , C23C18/1692 , C23C18/1893 , C25D5/006 , C25D5/02 , C25D5/022 , C25D7/126 , H01L31/02168 , H01L31/022425 , Y02E10/50
摘要： Semiconductor photovoltaic cells have surfaces that are textured for processing and photovoltaic reasons. The absorbing regions may have parallel grooves that reduce loss of solar energy that would otherwise be lost by reflection. One form of texturing has parallel grooves and ridges. The cell also includes regions of metallization for collecting the generated electrical carriers and conducting them away, which may be channels. The topography is considered during production, using a process that takes advantage of the topography to govern what locations upon will receive a specific processing, and which locations will not receive such a processing. Liquids are treated directly into zones of the cell. They migrate throughout a zone and act upon the locations contacted. They do not migrate to other zones, due to impediments to fluid flow that are features of the surface texture, such as edges, walls and ridges. Blocking liquid may also be deposited and migrate within a zone, to block or mask a subsequent activity, such as etching.
摘要翻译：半导体光伏电池具有纹理的表面用于处理和光伏原因。吸收区域可以具有平行的沟槽，其减少否则将被反射损失的太阳能损失。一种形式的纹理具有平行的凹槽和脊。电池还包括金属化区域，用于收集所产生的电载体并使其远离，这可以是通道。在生产期间考虑地形，使用利用地形的过程来管理将接收特定处理的位置，以及哪些位置将不会接收到这样的处理。将液体直接处理到细胞的区域。他们迁移到整个区域，并对所联系的地点采取行动。它们不会迁移到其他区域，因为阻碍流体流动，这是表面纹理的特征，例如边缘，壁和脊。封闭液体也可以沉积并在区域内迁移，以阻挡或掩盖随后的活动，例如蚀刻。

3. 发明申请

US20130045561A1 SOLAR CELLS WITH TEXTURED SURFACES 有权
标题翻译：带有纹理表面的太阳能电池
公开(公告)号：US20130045561A1
公开(公告)日：2013-02-21
申请号：US13595404
申请日：2012-08-27
申请人： Emanuel M. Sachs , James F. Bredt
发明人： Emanuel M. Sachs , James F. Bredt
IPC分类号： H01L31/0236
CPC分类号： H01L31/02363 , C23C18/1607 , C23C18/1608 , C23C18/161 , C23C18/1635 , C23C18/1653 , C23C18/1692 , C23C18/1893 , C25D5/006 , C25D5/02 , C25D5/022 , C25D7/126 , H01L31/02168 , H01L31/022425 , Y02E10/50
摘要： Semiconductor photovoltaic cells have surfaces that are textured for processing and photovoltaic reasons. The absorbing regions may have grooves that reduce loss of solar energy that would otherwise be lost by reflection. One form of texturing has grooves and ridges. The cell also includes metallizations for collecting generated electrical carriers and conducting them away, which may be channels. The topography is considered during production, using a process that takes advantage of the topography to govern what locations will receive a specific processing, and which locations will not. Liquids are treated directly into zones. They migrate throughout a zone and act upon the locations contacted. They do not migrate to other zones, due to impediments to flow, such as edges, walls and ridges. Liquid may also be deposited and migrate within a zone, to block or mask a subsequent activity, such as etching.
摘要翻译：半导体光伏电池具有纹理的表面用于处理和光伏原因。吸收区域可以具有凹槽，其减少否则将被反射损失的太阳能损失。纹理的一种形式有凹槽和脊。电池还包括用于收集生成的电载体并将其导出的金属化，其可以是通道。在生产中考虑地形，使用利用地形来处理哪些位置将接收特定处理的过程，以及哪些位置不会。液体被直接处理进入区域。他们迁移到整个区域，并对所联系的地点采取行动。由于阻碍流动，例如边缘，墙壁和脊，它们不会迁移到其他区域。液体也可以沉积并在区域内迁移，以阻挡或掩蔽随后的活动，例如蚀刻。

4. 发明授权

US08257998B2 Solar cells with textured surfaces 有权
标题翻译：具有纹理表面的太阳能电池
公开(公告)号：US08257998B2
公开(公告)日：2012-09-04
申请号：US12526438
申请日：2008-02-15
申请人： Emanuel M. Sachs , James F. Bredt
发明人： Emanuel M. Sachs , James F. Bredt
IPC分类号： H01L21/00
CPC分类号： H01L31/02363 , C23C18/1607 , C23C18/1608 , C23C18/161 , C23C18/1635 , C23C18/1653 , C23C18/1692 , C23C18/1893 , C25D5/006 , C25D5/02 , C25D5/022 , C25D7/126 , H01L31/02168 , H01L31/022425 , Y02E10/50
摘要： Semiconductor photovoltaic cells have surfaces that are textured for processing and photovoltaic reasons. The absorbing regions may have parallel grooves that reduce loss of solar energy that would otherwise be lost by reflection. One form of texturing has parallel grooves and ridges. The cell also includes regions of metallization for collecting the generated electrical carriers and conducting them away, which may be channels. The topography is considered during production, using a process that takes advantage of the topography to govern what locations upon will receive a specific processing, and which locations will not receive such a processing. Liquids are treated directly into zones of the cell. They migrate throughout a zone and act upon the locations contacted. They do not migrate to other zones, due to impediments to fluid flow that are features of the surface texture, such as edges, walls and ridges. Blocking liquid may also be deposited and migrate within a zone, to block or mask a subsequent activity, such as etching.
摘要翻译：半导体光伏电池具有纹理的表面用于处理和光伏原因。吸收区域可以具有平行的沟槽，其减少否则将被反射损失的太阳能损失。一种形式的纹理具有平行的凹槽和脊。电池还包括金属化区域，用于收集所产生的电载体并使其远离，这可以是通道。在生产期间考虑地形，使用利用地形的过程来管理将接收特定处理的位置，以及哪些位置将不会接收到这样的处理。将液体直接处理到细胞的区域。他们迁移到整个区域，并对所联系的地点采取行动。它们不会迁移到其他区域，因为阻碍流体流动，这是表面纹理的特征，例如边缘，壁和脊。封闭液体也可以沉积并在区域内迁移，以阻挡或掩盖随后的活动，例如蚀刻。

5. 发明申请

US20120038031A1 DISPENSING LIQUID CONTAINING MATERIAL TO PATTERNED SURFACES USING A DISPENSING TUBE 审中-公开
标题翻译：使用分配管将含液体的材料分配到图案表面
公开(公告)号：US20120038031A1
公开(公告)日：2012-02-16
申请号：US13142472
申请日：2010-01-06
申请人： Emanuel M. Sachs , Richard L. Wallace , James F. Bredt , Benjamin F. Polito , Ali Ersen
发明人： Emanuel M. Sachs , Richard L. Wallace , James F. Bredt , Benjamin F. Polito , Ali Ersen
IPC分类号： H01L23/544 , B65D35/38
CPC分类号： H01L31/022425 , H01L21/6715 , Y02E10/50
摘要： Materials that contain liquid are deposited into grooves upon a surface of a work piece, such as a silicon wafer to form a solar cell. Liquid can be dispensed into work piece paths, such as grooves under pressure through a dispensing tube. The tube mechanically tracks in the groove. The tube may be small and rest at the groove bottom, with the sidewalls providing restraint. Or it may be larger and ride on the top edges of the groove. A tracking feature, such as a protrusion, Non-circular cross-sections, molded-on protrusions and lobes also enhance tracking. The tube may be forced against the groove by spring or magnetic loading. Alignment guides, such as lead-in features may guide the tube into the groove. Restoring features along the path may restore a wayward tube. Many tubes may be used. Many work pieces can be treated in a line or on a drum.
摘要翻译：含有液体的材料沉积在诸如硅晶片的工件的表面上的凹槽中，以形成太阳能电池。液体可以分配到工件路径中，例如通过分配管的压力下的槽。管子在凹槽中机械地跟踪。管可以小并且在槽底部搁置，其中侧壁提供约束。或者它可能更大并且骑在凹槽的顶部边缘上。跟踪特征，例如突起，非圆形横截面，模制突起和凸角也增强跟踪。管可以通过弹簧或磁负载而被迫力抵靠凹槽。诸如引入特征的对准引导件可以将管引导到凹槽中。沿着路径还原功能可能会恢复一个顺从的管。可以使用许多管。许多工件可以在一条线或一个鼓上进行处理。

6. 发明授权

US5814161A Ceramic mold finishing techniques for removing powder 失效
标题翻译：用于去除粉末的陶瓷模具整理技术
公开(公告)号：US5814161A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-29
申请号：US600215
申请日：1996-02-12
申请人： Emanuel M. Sachs , Michael J. Cima , James F. Bredt , Satbir Khanuja , Richard Li-chao Yu
发明人： Emanuel M. Sachs , Michael J. Cima , James F. Bredt , Satbir Khanuja , Richard Li-chao Yu
IPC分类号： B08B3/10 , B08B3/12 , B08B5/04 , B08B7/00 , B08B9/00 , B22C9/06 , B22C9/18 , B22D17/22 , B22D25/06 , B22F3/00 , B22F5/00 , B24B1/04 , B29C33/04 , B29C33/38 , B29C33/56 , B29C67/00
CPC分类号： B22C9/065 , B08B3/10 , B08B3/12 , B08B5/04 , B08B7/00 , B08B9/00 , B22C9/18 , B22D17/22 , B22D17/2218 , B22D25/06 , B22F3/008 , B22F5/007 , B24B1/04 , B29C33/04 , B29C33/3828 , B29C67/0081 , B29C33/56 , Y02P10/292
摘要： A technique for removing loose powder from the interior surfaces of ceramic molds made using layer manufacturing processes, such as three dimensional printing processes. The interior of a mold is filled with water which is boiled and the particles are entrained in the flow caused by the boiling liquid. In another technique, the mold is immersed in water charged with CO.sub.2 and the pressure rapidly dropped to cause the CO.sub.2 to come out of solution as bubbles which eject the particles. Alternatively, fine particles are introduced into the mold and the mold is agitated to dislodge the particles and the powder so that they can be poured out of the mold. Such technique tends also to remove the surface finish of the mold. Any of the particles which remain can be dissolved in a liquid and removed in the liquid from the mold. Further, the surface finish of the mold can be improved by casting a slip of fine particles on to the surface to form a generally level, and preferably non-conformal, coating on the surfaces.
摘要翻译：从使用层制造工艺（例如三维印刷工艺）制成的陶瓷模具的内表面去除松散粉末的技术。模具的内部充满了煮沸的水，并且颗粒被夹带在由沸腾液体引起的流中。在另一种技术中，将模具浸入装有二氧化碳的水中，并且压力迅速下降，导致CO 2作为喷射颗粒的气泡从溶液中排出。或者，将细颗粒引入模具中并搅拌模具以移除颗粒和粉末，使得它们可以从模具中倒出。这种技术也可以去除模具的表面光洁度。残留的任何颗粒都可以溶解在液体中并从模具中移出液体。此外，可以通过将表面上的微细颗粒的滑动铸造成在表面上形成一般水平的，优选非保形的涂层来改善模具的表面光洁度。

7. 发明授权

US5490882A Process for removing loose powder particles from interior passages of a body 失效
标题翻译：从身体内部通道去除松散粉末颗粒的方法
公开(公告)号：US5490882A
公开(公告)日：1996-02-13
申请号：US983156
申请日：1992-11-30
申请人： Emanuel M. Sachs , Michael J. Cima , James F. Bredt , Satbir Khanuja
发明人： Emanuel M. Sachs , Michael J. Cima , James F. Bredt , Satbir Khanuja
IPC分类号： B08B3/10 , B08B3/12 , B08B5/04 , B08B7/00 , B08B9/00 , B08B9/08 , B22C9/18 , B22C23/02 , B22F3/00 , B24B1/04 , B29C33/56
CPC分类号： B22F3/008 , B08B3/10 , B08B3/12 , B08B5/04 , B08B7/00 , B08B9/00 , B22C9/18 , B24B1/04 , B29C33/56
摘要： A technique for removing loose powder from the interior surfaces of ceramic molds made using layer manufacturing processes, such as three dimensional printing processes. The interior of a mold can be filled with liquid, such as water, which is boiled by applying microwave energy of a frequency selected to heat the liquid. The particles are entrained in the flow caused by the boiling liquid. Alternatively, fine particles are introduced into the mold and the mold is agitated to dislodge the particles and the powder so that they can be poured out of the mold. Such technique tends also to remove the surface finish of the mold. Any of the particles which remain can be dissolved in a liquid and removed in the liquid from the mold. Further, the surface finish of the mold can be improved by casting a slip of fine particles onto the surface to form a generally level, and preferably non-conformal, coating on the surfaces.
摘要翻译：从使用层制造工艺（例如三维印刷工艺）制成的陶瓷模具的内表面去除松散粉末的技术。模具的内部可以充满液体，例如水，其通过施加频率选择的加热液体的微波能量来煮沸。颗粒被夹带在由沸腾液体引起的流中。或者，将细颗粒引入模具中并搅拌模具以移除颗粒和粉末，使得它们可以从模具中倒出。这种技术也可以去除模具的表面光洁度。残留的任何颗粒都可以溶解在液体中并从模具中移出液体。此外，可以通过将表面上的微细颗粒滑移到表面上以形成表面上的大致水平的，优选非保形的涂层来改善模具的表面光洁度。

8. 发明授权

US07795349B2 Material systems and methods of three-dimensional printing 有权
标题翻译：材料系统和三维打印方法
公开(公告)号：US07795349B2
公开(公告)日：2010-09-14
申请号：US11439805
申请日：2006-05-24
申请人： James F. Bredt , Timothy Anderson , David B. Russell , Sarah L. Clark , Matthew J. DiCologero
发明人： James F. Bredt , Timothy Anderson , David B. Russell , Sarah L. Clark , Matthew J. DiCologero
IPC分类号： C08K13/02 , B29C67/24
CPC分类号： B29C64/165 , B29C64/112 , B33Y70/00
摘要： The present invention is directed to three-dimensional printing material systems and method, and an article made therefrom. The method of the present invention includes building cross-sectional portions of a three-dimensional article, and assembling the individual cross-sectional areas in a layer-wise fashion to form a final article. The individual cross-sectional areas are built by using an ink-jet printhead to deliver a fluid to a particulate material that includes particulate material.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及三维印刷材料体系和方法以及由其制成的制品。本发明的方法包括建立三维制品的横截面部分，并且以分层方式组装各个横截面区域以形成最终制品。通过使用喷墨打印头将流体输送到包括颗粒材料的颗粒材料来构建各个横截面积。

9. 发明授权

US5660621A Binder composition for use in three dimensional printing 失效
标题翻译：用于三维印刷的粘合剂组合物
公开(公告)号：US5660621A
公开(公告)日：1997-08-26
申请号：US581319
申请日：1995-12-29
申请人： James F. Bredt
发明人： James F. Bredt
IPC分类号： B29C41/00 , B29C67/00 , B41M3/16 , C04B22/06 , C09D1/00 , C09D1/04 , C09D7/12
CPC分类号： B41M3/16 , B29C41/003 , B29C67/0077 , Y10S264/72
摘要： A binder composition for three dimensional printing of parts is disclosed which is stable during storage and passage through a printhead, yet able to gel under the conditions existing in a powder bed. The binder composition comprises colloidal silica, a catalyst able to promote gelation of the composition when the composition is below a predetermined pH value, and a base able to maintain the pH of the composition above the predetermined value at which the composition gels. Preferably, the catalyst is polyethylene glycol or another ethylene oxide-derived polymer, and the base is triethanolamine. Upon impact with a powder bed, the pH of the binder composition is reduced, as by adding an acid such as citric acid to the powder, thereby causing the binder to gel in the powder.
摘要翻译：公开了用于三维印刷部件的粘合剂组合物，其在储存和通过打印头期间是稳定的，但是能够在存在于粉末床中的条件下凝胶化。粘合剂组合物包括胶体二氧化硅，当组合物低于预定pH值时能够促进组合物凝胶化的催化剂，以及能够将组合物的pH保持在组合物凝胶凝固的预定值以上的碱。优选地，催化剂是聚乙二醇或另一种环氧乙烷衍生的聚合物，碱是三乙醇胺。当与粉末床撞击时，通过向粉末中加入酸如柠檬酸，粘合剂组合物的pH降低，从而使粘合剂在粉末中凝胶化。

10. 发明授权

US08167999B2 Three-dimensional printing material system with improved color, article performance, and ease of use 有权
标题翻译：三维打印材料系统具有改进的色彩，文章性能和易用性
公开(公告)号：US08167999B2
公开(公告)日：2012-05-01
申请号：US11972485
申请日：2008-01-10
申请人： Amir Alam , James F. Bredt , Nanette Clark , Mary Flynn , Jean Sprauer , Derek X. Williams
发明人： Amir Alam , James F. Bredt , Nanette Clark , Mary Flynn , Jean Sprauer , Derek X. Williams
IPC分类号： C04B9/04 , C04B11/00 , C04B28/14
CPC分类号： B28B7/465 , B22F3/105 , B22F2001/0092 , B22F2999/00 , B28B1/001 , B29C64/165 , B33Y70/00 , C04B28/14 , C04B2111/00181 , Y10T428/24132 , C04B24/06 , C04B24/2623 , C04B24/38 , C04B2103/10 , C04B2103/40 , C04B2103/67 , C04B22/147 , C04B24/04 , C04B14/10 , C04B14/24 , C04B14/28 , C04B14/30 , C04B14/305 , B22F1/0059
摘要： A materials system and methods are provided to enable the formation of articles by three dimensional printing. The materials system includes particulate mixtures having a whitening agent and a solid particulate additive comprising an acid, the latter adapted for modifying a cure rate of an infiltrant. The materials system also includes aqueous fluids including optical brightening agents.
摘要翻译：提供了一种能够通过三维印刷形成物品的材料系统和方法。该材料体系包括具有增白剂和包含酸的固体颗粒添加剂的颗粒混合物，后者适于改变渗透剂的固化速率。所述材料体系还包括含有光学增亮剂的含水流体。

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