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1. 发明授权

US4124496A Separation of multi-component mixtures 失效
标题翻译：分离多组分混合物
公开(公告)号：US4124496A
公开(公告)日：1978-11-07
申请号：US818337
申请日：1977-07-22
申请人： Donald R. Cummings
发明人： Donald R. Cummings
IPC分类号： B01D3/06 , C10G5/06 , C10G31/06 , F25J3/02 , F25J3/06 , C10G7/00
CPC分类号： F25J3/0233 , B01D3/065 , C10G31/06 , C10G5/06 , F25J3/0209 , F25J3/0242 , F25J3/0247 , F25J3/061 , F25J3/0635 , F25J3/0645 , F25J3/065 , F25J2230/60 , F25J2240/60 , F25J2245/02 , F25J2260/60 , F25J2290/72
摘要： An improvement in the separation of a multi-component mixture, especially a well head stream, into gaseous and liquid phases by multi-component flash separation at reducing pressures, comprises recycling at least a part of the gaseous fraction recovered from a stage after the first stage to a preceding stage, and preferably the immediately preceding stage, to mix with the liquid phase which is separated in said preceding stage and at substantially the pressure of said preceding stage. This (a) increases the gas/liquid ratio in each stage, the amount of liquid recovered from the last stage and the proportion of medium-boiling components therein; (b) results in more gas being available from the higher pressure stages and (c) yields gases having narrower boiling ranges. Three separation stages are preferred and pipeline gas, crude LPG and a local fuel gas to supply the energy requirements of the separation can be derived from the gaseous fractions recovered from the separation stages.
摘要翻译：通过在减压下的多组分闪蒸分离将多组分混合物，特别是井头流分离成气相和液相的改进包括将至少一部分从第一阶段到前一阶段，优选在前一阶段，与在前一阶段中分离的液相和基本上所述前一阶段的压力混合。这（a）增加了各阶段的气/液比，从最后阶段回收的液体的量和其中的中沸点成分的比例; （b）导致更高压力阶段获得更多的气体，（c）产生沸点范围较窄的气体。三个分离阶段是优选的，并且可以从分离阶段回收的气体馏分得到管道气体，原油LPG和用于提供分离能量需求的局部燃料气体。

2. 发明授权

US5014651A Method and apparatus for improving utilization of fuel values of as-mined coal in pulverized fuel-fired boilers 失效
标题翻译：用于提高燃煤燃烧锅炉中采煤煤燃料利用率的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5014651A
公开(公告)日：1991-05-14
申请号：US399117
申请日：1989-08-25
申请人： Donald R. Cummings
发明人： Donald R. Cummings
IPC分类号： F22B31/00 , F23C6/00 , F23C10/00 , F23K1/00
CPC分类号： F22B31/0023 , F23C10/002 , F23C6/00 , F23K1/00
摘要： Where as-mined coal or a washed coal derived therefrom is burned in a pulverized coal-fired boiler, improvements both in the utilization of the overall fuel values of the as-mined coal and in the operating efficiency of the boiler are obtained by installing a fluid bed combustor in the same combustion chamber as the pulverized fuel burner system of the boiler, and preferably below the burner system, and supplying as the fuel to the combustor a fuel comprising coal washery tailings preferably mixed with high ash solid washery residue.
摘要翻译：如果在粉煤燃烧锅炉中将来自煤的煤或其洗涤的煤燃烧，则通过安装一个炉子来获得所开采的煤的总燃料值的利用和锅炉的运行效率的改善在锅炉的粉碎燃料燃烧器系统相同的燃烧室内的流化床燃烧器，优选地在燃烧器系统的下方，并且将燃料作为燃料供应到燃烧器中，该燃料包括优选与高灰分固体洗涤残渣混合的洗煤尾矿。

3. 发明授权

US4526903A Process for the production of synthesis gas from coal 失效
标题翻译：从煤生产合成气的工艺
公开(公告)号：US4526903A
公开(公告)日：1985-07-02
申请号：US339007
申请日：1982-01-12
申请人： Donald R. Cummings
发明人： Donald R. Cummings
IPC分类号： C01B3/32 , C07C29/151 , C10J3/00 , C10K3/04 , C07C29/15
CPC分类号： C10J3/00 , C01B3/32 , C07C29/1518 , C10J2300/0906 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/0979 , C10J2300/1665
摘要： The overall conversion of coal to synthesis gas by pressurized counter-current gasification is improved by steam reforming the methane values in the gas and heating the steam reformer by means of a fluidized bed combustor fuelled by the coal fines which are too small to be employed in the gasification step. Coal can be crushed to increase the proportion of fines and/or conditions for gasifications and/or steam reforming varied so as to consume lump coal and fines in the desired ratio. The product gas may be used for methanol synthesis.
摘要翻译：通过加压逆流气化将煤转化成合成气通过蒸汽重整气体中的甲烷值和通过煤粉燃烧的流化床燃烧器加热蒸汽重整器来提高煤转化为合成气，这些燃烧器太小而不能用于气化步骤。煤可以被粉碎以增加用于气化和/或蒸汽重整的细粒和/或条件的比例变化，以便以所需的比例消耗块煤和细粉。产物气体可用于甲醇合成。

4. 发明授权

US6141796A Use of carbonaceous fuels 失效
标题翻译：碳质燃料的使用
公开(公告)号：US6141796A
公开(公告)日：2000-11-07
申请号：US316
申请日：1998-05-20
申请人： Donald R. Cummings
发明人： Donald R. Cummings
IPC分类号： F02B45/00 , F02G3/00
CPC分类号： C10J3/56 , F02B45/00 , F02G3/00 , C10J2300/0909 , C10J2300/093 , Y02E20/18 , Y02P20/129 , Y02T10/34
摘要： A process for the gasification of carbonaceous fuels, for, inter alia, the production of chemicals and/or the generation of power is described, characterised in that there is employed, as starting material or part thereof, coal in the form of an aqueous slurry, the aqueous (water) content of the said slurry being at least 55 to 80% by weight. There is also described an apparatus for the burning of carbonaceous fuel, for the production of electrical energy, which apparatus comprises, in interconnected combination, a gasifier into which aqueous coal slurry is introduced, a flow drier/separator wherein materials exiting the gasifier are dried and separated into gaseous component and dried slurry material with feeding of the latter back to the gasifier, a cooling/cleaning device into which the gaseous component from the separator passes and from which, when cleaned, it proceeds for further processing, a gas turbine generation unit in turn comprised of compressor, expansion stage, and generator, and a combustor mechanism; the arrangement being such that combustion and process air passes from the turbine compressor in one stream to the gasifier and in another stream to the combustor, where the latter is combined with the gaseous component from the cooling/cleaning device, the combined gasses then being passed to the expansion stage of the gas turbine generation unit, and converted therein into electrical energy.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / AU96 / 00483 Sec。 371日期：1998年5月20日 102（e）日期1998年5月20日PCT提交1996年8月1日PCT公布。出版物WO97 / 05216 日期1997年2月13日描述了一种用于碳质燃料气化的方法，特别是生产化学品和/或发电的过程，其特征在于，将作为原料或其一部分的煤用于水性浆料的形式，所述浆料的水（水）含量为至少55至80重量％。还描述了用于燃烧碳质燃料的装置，用于生产电能，该装置在互连的组合中包括引入含水煤浆的气化器，其中离开气化器的材料被干燥的流动干燥器/分离器并将其分离成气态组分和干浆料，并将其送入气化器;冷却/清洁装置，来自分离器的气体组分通过该冷却/清洁装置，当被清洁时，其进行进一步处理，燃气轮机产生单元又包括压缩机，膨胀级和发电机，以及燃烧器机构; 该布置使得燃烧和处理空气从涡轮机压缩机以一个流体流到气化器，并且在另一个流中流到燃烧器，其中后者与来自冷却/清洁装置的气体组分组合，然后组合的气体通过到燃气轮机发电单元的膨胀阶段，并将其转换成电能。

5. 发明授权

US4266958A Simultaneous cooling and removal of water from hydrocarbon gas mixtures 失效
标题翻译：同时从烃类气体混合物中冷却和除去水
公开(公告)号：US4266958A
公开(公告)日：1981-05-12
申请号：US56724
申请日：1979-07-11
申请人： Donald R. Cummings
发明人： Donald R. Cummings
IPC分类号： C10L3/00 , B01D53/26 , B63B25/16 , C07C7/00 , C10K1/04 , C10L3/10 , F25J1/02
CPC分类号： C07C7/00 , B01D53/265
摘要： Dehydration of a gaseous hydrocarbon mixture containing water, using methanol as the dehydration agent, and recovery of a condensed fraction of said mixture can be achieved simultaneously and with improved use of the methanol and improved separation of the mixture, and in apparatus which can be employed on an installation such as a tanker ship which is liable to movement and/or tilting, by chilling a gaseous composition comprising the water-containing mixture and methanol in passageway 18 of a reflux exchanger 6 in which condensed liquids flow downwards in direct contact with the rising gas and are collected in a gas/liquid separator 4 from which a condensed hydrocarbon phase and an aqueous phase can be recovered separately; dehydrated gas being recovered from the top of the passageway.
摘要翻译：使用甲醇作为脱水剂的含水的气态烃混合物的脱水和所述混合物的冷凝馏分的回收可以同时实现，并且改进使用甲醇并改进混合物的分离以及可以使用的装置通过在回流交换器6的通道18中冷却包含含水混合物和甲醇的气态组合物，其中冷凝液体与其直接接触地向下流动，在容易运动和/或倾斜的油罐车上的装置上收集在气/液分离器4中，可以从中分离回收冷凝烃相和水相; 脱水气体从通道的顶部回收。

6. 发明授权

US06490866B1 Generation of electricity and the treatment and disposal of sewage 失效
标题翻译：发电和污水处理处置
公开(公告)号：US06490866B1
公开(公告)日：2002-12-10
申请号：US09647374
申请日：2000-11-28
申请人： Donald R. Cummings
发明人： Donald R. Cummings
IPC分类号： F02C610
CPC分类号： C02F1/02 , F02C3/20 , F23G5/46 , F23G7/001 , F23G2206/203 , Y02E20/12 , Y02W10/37
摘要： The invention provides a method and apparatus for the generation of electricity combined with the further treatment of sewage from a sewage treatment plant. In one form of the invention a stream of compressed air/contaminated air (108, 110) is passed to a mixing device (18) where it is mixed with a stream of introduced fuel gas (112). The mixture is combusted and the resultant gases are fed to the expansion chamber (6) of a gas turbine which drives an alternator (10) thus generating electricity. Rather than simply dissipate them to atmosphere, the gases (126) are utilized in the heating and disinfection of sewage (148) from an initial sewage treatment plant. The thus disinfected sewage (150) passes to a pressure vessel (12) wherein it encounters and saturates the stream of compressed air/contaminated air (108, 110) passing to the mixing device (18).
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种用于产生电力的方法和装置以及来自污水处理厂的污水的进一步处理。在本发明的一种形式中，压缩空气/污染空气流（108,110）被传送到混合装置（18），在混合装置（18）中，其与引入的燃料气体流（112）混合。混合物燃烧，所得到的气体被供给到驱动交流发电机（10）从而发电的燃气轮机的膨胀室（6）。气体（126）不是简单地将其排放到大气中，而是用于从初始污水处理厂对污水（148）的加热和消毒。这样消毒的污水（150）进入压力容器（12），在压力容器（12）中遇到并饱和流经混合装置（18）的压缩空气/污染空气流（108,110）。

7. 发明授权

US4622053A Separation of hydrocarbon mixtures 失效
标题翻译：烃混合物的分离
公开(公告)号：US4622053A
公开(公告)日：1986-11-11
申请号：US650724
申请日：1984-09-14
申请人： Terence R. Tomlinson , Donald R. Cummings
发明人： Terence R. Tomlinson , Donald R. Cummings
IPC分类号： C10G5/06 , C07C7/09 , C10G31/06 , F25J3/02
CPC分类号： F25J3/0252 , C07C7/09 , F25J3/0209 , F25J3/0233 , F25J3/0238 , F25J3/0242 , F25J2200/02 , F25J2200/04 , F25J2200/80 , F25J2210/04 , F25J2230/60 , F25J2235/60 , F25J2245/02 , F25J2270/04 , F25J2270/12 , F25J2270/60 , F25J2270/66 , F25J2270/902
摘要： In the process for the recovery of e.g. LPG or NGL and sales gas from a gaseous hydrocarbon feed 11 by partially condensing the feed in heat exchanger 1 at superatmospheric pressure, separating the condensate from the uncondensed gas in gas/liquid separator 2, rectifying the uncondensed gas to produce the sales gas and stripping the condensate to produce the LPG or NGL, substantially power savings are obtained if the rectification is effected in a reflux exchanger 103 and the stripping is effected in a separate distillation column 203.
摘要翻译：在回收例如 LPG或NGL和来自气态烃进料11的气体，通过在高压大气压下部分地冷凝热交换器1中的进料，将冷凝物从气体/液体分离器2中的未冷凝气体分离出来，对未冷凝的气体进行整流以产生销售气体和汽提如果在回流交换器103中进行精馏并且在单独的蒸馏塔203中进行汽提，则产生LPG或NGL的冷凝物基本上能够节省能源。

8. 发明授权

US4406774A Dehydration of hydrocarbons 失效
标题翻译：碳氢化合物脱水
公开(公告)号：US4406774A
公开(公告)日：1983-09-27
申请号：US225517
申请日：1981-01-16
申请人： Donald R. Cummings , Colin W. Braathen
发明人： Donald R. Cummings , Colin W. Braathen
IPC分类号： C10L3/08 , C07C7/10 , C10G33/00 , C10G33/04 , C10L3/10 , C10L3/12 , C10G21/00
CPC分类号： C10G33/04 , C07C7/10
摘要： The tendency toward ice or solid hydrate formation during cooling of a light hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon mixture such as LPG or NGL for storage or transport at sub-zero temperatures is eliminated by mixing it with aqueous methanol solution in a mixer 5, cooling the mixture in cooler 8 and thereafter separating the hydrocarbon and aqueous phase in a separator 10, the solution being chosen to be substantially insoluble in the hydrocarbon phase and freeze below the temperature to which the mixture is cooled, and at least part of the aqueous phase being recycled by pump 17 to the mixer 5 for re-use with methanol being added as required to restore its concentration in the recycling liquor towards that of the initial aqueous solution and some of the recycling liquor being removed as required to restore the quantity of circulating liquor towards its initial level.
摘要翻译：通过在混合器5中将其与甲醇水溶液混合，将轻烃或烃混合物（如LPG或NGL）在低于零度的温度下储存或运输的冷烃或固体水合物形成的趋势消除，将混合物冷却 8，然后在分离器10中分离烃和水相，该溶液被选择为基本上不溶于烃相，并在低于混合物冷却的温度下冷冻，并且至少部分水相通过泵再循环 17至混合器5，根据需要加入甲醇以再次使用以使其在再循环液体中的浓度朝向初始水溶液的浓度，并且根据需要除去一些回收液体以将循环液体的量恢复至其初始水平。

9. 发明授权

US4395495A Production of methanol 失效
公开(公告)号：US4395495A
公开(公告)日：1983-07-26
申请号：US171962
申请日：1980-07-24
申请人： Donald R. Cummings
发明人： Donald R. Cummings
IPC分类号： C10G1/06 , B01J8/18 , C01B3/38 , C07C29/151 , C10G1/00 , C10G47/00 , C10G67/02 , C07C29/15
CPC分类号： C10G47/00 , B01J8/1836 , C01B3/384 , C07C29/1518 , C10G1/002 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0238 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/0415 , C01B2203/0445 , C01B2203/047 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/061 , C01B2203/065 , C01B2203/0805 , C01B2203/0811 , C01B2203/0816 , C01B2203/0844 , C01B2203/0866 , C01B2203/0877 , C01B2203/0883 , C01B2203/0894 , C01B2203/1011 , C01B2203/1241 , C01B2203/1247 , C01B2203/1258 , C01B2203/127 , C01B2203/146 , C01B2203/148 , C01B2203/1604 , C01B2203/1609 , C01B2203/1614 , C01B2203/80 , C01B2203/84 , C10G2300/107
摘要： In the production of methanol from a methane-containing gaseous feedstock such as natural gas by steam reforming the gas and treating the reformate to produce methanol by inter-reaction of the hydrogen and oxides of carbon in the reformate, the use of part of the feedstock to fire the reformer is avoided by immersing the reformer reactor tubes in a fluidized bed heated by the combustion of a low grade, solid, fossil-based fuel such as coal, lignite, oil shale or asphaltic residues from oil refining. By pressurizing the fluidized bed, all the power requirements of the process can be obtained by expansion of the flue gas, which can also provide the CO.sub.2 balance for the methanol synthesis, and a compressor can be omitted.

10. 发明授权

US4308128A Producing liquid hydrocarbon streams by hydrogenation of fossil-based feedstock 失效
标题翻译：通过化石基原料的氢化生产液态烃流
公开(公告)号：US4308128A
公开(公告)日：1981-12-29
申请号：US171961
申请日：1980-07-24
申请人： Donald R. Cummings
发明人： Donald R. Cummings
IPC分类号： C10G1/06 , B01J8/18 , C01B3/38 , C07C29/151 , C10G1/00 , C10G47/00 , C10G67/02 , C10G1/04 , C10G7/00
CPC分类号： C10G47/00 , B01J8/1836 , C01B3/384 , C07C29/1518 , C10G1/002 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0238 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/0415 , C01B2203/0445 , C01B2203/047 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/061 , C01B2203/065 , C01B2203/0805 , C01B2203/0811 , C01B2203/0816 , C01B2203/0844 , C01B2203/0866 , C01B2203/0877 , C01B2203/0883 , C01B2203/0894 , C01B2203/1011 , C01B2203/1241 , C01B2203/1247 , C01B2203/1258 , C01B2203/127 , C01B2203/146 , C01B2203/148 , C01B2203/1604 , C01B2203/1609 , C01B2203/1614 , C01B2203/80 , C01B2203/84 , C10G2300/107
摘要： An economic route to transport fuels from low grade feedstocks containing organic polycyclic components and mineral and/or metallic components comprises separating the feedstock into (a) a residue containing fuel values and substantially all of the mineral and metallic components and (b) a liquid hydrocarbon fraction; hydrogenating the liquid hydrocarbon fraction; providing hydrogen for the hydrogenation by steam reforming methane-containing gas recovered from the hydrogenated material; and providing the heat for the steam reforming by immersing the reformer reactor tubes in a fluidized bed heated by combustion of residue from the separation step. If the fluidized bed is pressurized, the process can be made substantially self-contained with all the heat and power requirements for steam generation and feedstock compression for hydrogenation and steam reforming being recovered from the flue gas.
摘要翻译：从含有机多环组分和矿物和/或金属组分的低级原料运输燃料的经济途径包括将原料分离为（a）含有燃料值的残余物和基本上所有的矿物和金属组分，和（b）液体烃分数; 氢化液态烃馏分; 通过从氢化材料回收的含甲烷气体的蒸汽重整来提供氢气用于氢化; 并通过将重整器反应器管浸入通过来自分离步骤的残余物燃烧加热的流化床中来提供用于蒸汽重整的热量。如果流化床被加压，则可以使该方法基本上自给自足，从而从烟道气中回收用于氢化和蒸汽重整的蒸汽产生和原料压缩的所有热和功率要求。

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