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1. 发明授权

US08231989B2 Method for improving FCS reliability after end cell heater failure 有权
标题翻译：提高终端电池加热器故障后FCS可靠性的方法
公开(公告)号：US08231989B2
公开(公告)日：2012-07-31
申请号：US11925422
申请日：2007-10-26
申请人： Derek R Lebzelter , William S Marley , John P. Salvador , Abdullah B. Alp , Loren Devries
发明人： Derek R Lebzelter , William S Marley , John P. Salvador , Abdullah B. Alp , Loren Devries
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04037 , H01M8/04358 , H01M8/04365 , H01M8/04597 , H01M8/04679 , H01M8/04723 , H01M8/04753 , H01M8/04768 , H01M8/04835 , H01M8/0494
摘要： A method for improving fuel cell system reliability in the event of end cell heater failure in a fuel cell stack. The method includes detecting that an end cell heater has failed. If an end cell heater failure is detected, then the method performs one or more of setting a cooling fluid pump to a predetermined speed that drives a cooling fluid through cooling fluid flow channels in the fuel cell stack, limiting the output power of the fuel cell stack or the net power of the fuel cell system, limiting the maximum temperature of the cooling fluid flowing out of the stack, turning off stack anti-flooding algorithms that may be used to remove water from reactant gas flow channels in the stack, and turning off cathode stoichiometry adjustments for relative humidity control in response to water accumulating in cathode flow channels in the fuel cell stack.
摘要翻译：一种用于在燃料电池堆中终端电池加热器故障的情况下提高燃料电池系统的可靠性的方法。该方法包括检测终端电池加热器是否发生故障。如果检测到终端电池加热器故障，则该方法执行一个或多个将冷却液泵设定到通过燃料电池堆中的冷却流体流动通道驱动冷却流体的预定速度，限制燃料电池的输出功率堆叠或燃料电池系统的净功率，限制流出堆叠的冷却流体的最高温度，关闭可用于从堆叠中的反应气体流动通道去除水的堆叠防淹没算法，以及转动响应于在燃料电池堆中的阴极流动通道中积聚的水，进行相对湿度控制的阴极化学计量调节。

2. 发明申请

US20090110966A1 Method for Improving FCS Reliability After End Cell Heater Failure 有权
标题翻译：提高终端电池加热器故障后FCS可靠性的方法
公开(公告)号：US20090110966A1
公开(公告)日：2009-04-30
申请号：US11925422
申请日：2007-10-26
申请人： Derek R. Lebzelter , William S. Marley , John P. Salvador , Abdullah B. Alp , Loren Devries
发明人： Derek R. Lebzelter , William S. Marley , John P. Salvador , Abdullah B. Alp , Loren Devries
IPC分类号： H01M8/00
CPC分类号： H01M8/04037 , H01M8/04358 , H01M8/04365 , H01M8/04597 , H01M8/04679 , H01M8/04723 , H01M8/04753 , H01M8/04768 , H01M8/04835 , H01M8/0494
摘要： A method for improving fuel cell system reliability in the event of end cell heater failure in a fuel cell stack. The method includes detecting that an end cell heater has failed. If an end cell heater failure is detected, then the method performs one or more of setting a cooling fluid pump to a predetermined speed that drives a cooling fluid through cooling fluid flow channels in the fuel cell stack, limiting the output power of the fuel cell stack or the net power of the fuel cell system, limiting the maximum temperature of the cooling fluid flowing out of the stack, turning off stack anti-flooding algorithms that may be used to remove water from reactant gas flow channels in the stack, and turning off cathode stoichiometry adjustments for relative humidity control in response to water accumulating in cathode flow channels in the fuel cell stack.
摘要翻译：一种用于在燃料电池堆中终端电池加热器故障的情况下提高燃料电池系统的可靠性的方法。该方法包括检测终端电池加热器是否发生故障。如果检测到终端电池加热器故障，则该方法执行一个或多个将冷却液泵设定到通过燃料电池堆中的冷却流体流动通道驱动冷却流体的预定速度，限制燃料电池的输出功率堆叠或燃料电池系统的净功率，限制流出堆叠的冷却流体的最高温度，关闭可用于从堆叠中的反应气体流动通道去除水的堆叠防淹没算法，以及转动响应于在燃料电池堆中的阴极流动通道中积聚的水，进行相对湿度控制的阴极化学计量调节。

3. 发明申请

US20110091780A1 IN-SITU FUEL CELL STACK RECONDITIONING 有权
标题翻译：现场燃料电池堆栈重新配置
公开(公告)号：US20110091780A1
公开(公告)日：2011-04-21
申请号：US12580863
申请日：2009-10-16
申请人： Daniel T. Folmsbee , Balasubramanian Lakshmanan , John P. Salvador , Joe C. Machuca , Bernd Krause , David R. Savage , David A. Arthur , Derek R. Lebzelter
发明人： Daniel T. Folmsbee , Balasubramanian Lakshmanan , John P. Salvador , Joe C. Machuca , Bernd Krause , David R. Savage , David A. Arthur , Derek R. Lebzelter
IPC分类号： H01M8/00
CPC分类号： H01M8/04388 , H01M8/04126 , H01M8/04231 , H01M8/0441 , H01M8/04492 , H01M8/04507 , H01M8/04753 , H01M8/04828 , H01M8/04835 , H01M8/04843 , H01M2250/20 , Y02E60/50 , Y02T90/32
摘要： A method for reconditioning a fuel cell stack. The method includes periodically increasing the relative humidity level of the cathode input airflow to the stack to saturate the cell membrane electrode assemblies to be greater than the relative humidity levels during normal stack operating conditions. The method also includes providing hydrogen to the anode side of the fuel cell stack at system shut down while the membrane electrode assemblies are saturated without stack loads being applied so that the hydrogen crosses the cell membranes to the cathode side and reacts with oxygen to reduce stack contaminants.
摘要翻译：一种用于再燃燃料电池堆的方法。该方法包括在正常堆叠操作条件期间周期性地增加阴极输入气流到堆叠的相对湿度水平以使细胞膜电极组件饱和，以使其大于相对湿度水平。该方法还包括在系统关闭时向燃料电池堆的阳极侧提供氢气，同时膜电极组件饱和而不施加堆叠负载，使得氢气穿过细胞膜至阴极侧并与氧反应以减少堆积污染物

4. 发明授权

US08945785B2 Adaptive limitation of standby mode to enhance fuel cell system life 有权
标题翻译：备用模式的自适应限制，以提高燃料电池系统的使用寿命
公开(公告)号：US08945785B2
公开(公告)日：2015-02-03
申请号：US13345288
申请日：2012-01-06
申请人： Daniel I. Harris , Derek R. Lebzelter , John P. Salvador , William H. Pettit , Akbar Chowdhury , Edward G. Himes
发明人： Daniel I. Harris , Derek R. Lebzelter , John P. Salvador , William H. Pettit , Akbar Chowdhury , Edward G. Himes
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04955 , H01M8/04559
摘要： A system and method for reducing the frequency of stack stand-by mode events, if necessary, as a fuel cell stack ages and experiences lower performance. The method determines an irreversible voltage loss of the fuel cell stack at predetermined time intervals and determines a stack voltage degradation variable based on the irreversible voltage loss. The method also determines if the stack voltage degradation variable indicates that the fuel cell stack will not meet predetermined stack end-of-life voltage requirements and calculates a maximum allowed voltage degradation rate of the fuel cell stack. The method calculates a maximum number of stand-by mode events per unit time that can be allowed to prevent the stack from exceeding the maximum allowed degradation rate and controls the number of stand-by mode events based on the calculated maximum number of stand-by mode events.
摘要翻译：如果需要，当燃料电池堆老化并且经历较低的性能时，用于降低堆叠待机模式事件的频率的系统和方法。该方法以预定的时间间隔确定燃料电池堆的不可逆电压损失，并且基于不可逆的电压损耗确定堆电压劣化变量。该方法还确定堆叠电压劣化变量是否表明燃料电池堆不能满足预定的堆积寿命电压要求并且计算燃料电池堆的最大允许电压降低率。该方法计算出每单位时间的待机模式事件的最大次数，可以被允许以防止堆栈超过允许的最大降级率，并根据计算的最大待机数量控制待机模式事件的数量模式事件。

5. 发明授权

US07993787B2 Method for fast and reliable fuel cell system start-ups 有权
标题翻译：快速可靠的燃料电池系统启动方法
公开(公告)号：US07993787B2
公开(公告)日：2011-08-09
申请号：US11859300
申请日：2007-09-21
申请人： David A. Arthur , John P. Salvador , Seth E Lerner , Balasubramanian Lakshmanan , Abdullah B. Alp
发明人： David A. Arthur , John P. Salvador , Seth E Lerner , Balasubramanian Lakshmanan , Abdullah B. Alp
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04619 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04231 , H01M8/04302 , H01M8/04402 , H01M8/0441 , H01M8/04447 , H01M8/04552 , H01M8/04753 , H01M8/04761 , H01M8/04955 , H01M2008/1095 , Y02B90/14
摘要： A method for providing a fast and reliable start-up of a fuel cell system. The method uses a stack voltage response to a load to assess if hydrogen and oxygen are being sufficiently distributed to all of the fuel cells by coupling an auxiliary load to the fuel cell stack until a predetermined minimum cell voltage has been reached or a first predetermined time period has elapsed. The method then determines whether a minimum cell voltage has dropped to a first predetermined voltage and, if so, reduces the maximum power allowed to be below the first predetermined voltage value, determines whether the minimum cell voltage in the stack is below a second predetermined voltage, or determines whether the minimum cell voltage drop rate is greater than a predetermined voltage drop rate. If none of these conditions are met, the method returns to loading the stack with system components.
摘要翻译：一种用于提供快速可靠的燃料电池系统启动的方法。该方法使用对负载的堆叠电压响应来评估氢和氧是否通过将辅助负载耦合到燃料电池堆而充分地分配给所有燃料电池，直到达到预定的最小电池电压或第一预定时间时间过去了然后，该方法确定最小单元电压是否已经下降到第一预定电压，如果是，则将允许的最大功率减小到低于第一预定电压值，确定堆叠中的最小单元电压是否低于第二预定电压，或者确定最小单元电压降率是否大于预定的电压降率。如果没有满足这些条件，则该方法返回使用系统组件加载堆栈。

6. 发明申请

US20100151288A1 METHOD OF OPERATING A FUEL CELL SYSTEM IN STANDBY/REGENERATIVE MODE 有权
标题翻译：在待机/再生模式下操作燃料电池系统的方法
公开(公告)号：US20100151288A1
公开(公告)日：2010-06-17
申请号：US12336193
申请日：2008-12-16
申请人： Akbar Chowdhury , John P. Salvador , Abdullah B. Alp
发明人： Akbar Chowdhury , John P. Salvador , Abdullah B. Alp
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04231
摘要： A system and method for putting a fuel cell system in a stand-by during a system idle condition to improve system fuel efficiency. The method can include diverting the cathode airflow around the stack, reducing an airflow output from a cathode compressor to a minimum allowable set-point, opening the stack contactors to disconnect the stack from the high voltage bus and electrically isolate the stack from the rest of the system, engaging an independent load to the stack, such as end cell heaters in the stack, to suppress stack voltage, maintaining a positive pressure in the anode side of the fuel cell stack and periodically bleeding the anode into the exhaust stream. When a system power request is made removing the idle condition, the system returns to normal operation by directing the airflow back to the cathode and opening the stack contactors when an open circuit voltage is attained.
摘要翻译：一种在系统怠速状态下将燃料电池系统置于待机状态以提高系统燃料效率的系统和方法。该方法可以包括将阴极气流转向堆叠周围，将从阴极压缩机输出的气流减少到最小允许设定点，打开堆叠接触器以将堆叠与高压母线断开并将堆叠与其余部分电隔离该系统将诸如堆叠中的端电池加热器的独立负载接合到堆叠中以抑制堆叠电压，在燃料电池堆的阳极侧保持正压力并且将阳极周期性地排放到排气流中。当消除空闲状态的系统功率请求时，当达到开路电压时，通过将气流引导回阴极并打开堆叠接触器，系统恢复正常操作。

7. 发明申请

US20090081491A1 Method for Fast and Reliable Fuel Cell System Start-Ups 有权
标题翻译：快速可靠的燃料电池系统启动方法
公开(公告)号：US20090081491A1
公开(公告)日：2009-03-26
申请号：US11859300
申请日：2007-09-21
申请人： David A. Arthur , John P. Salvador , Seth E. Lerner , Balasubramanian Lakshmanan , Abdullah B. Alp
发明人： David A. Arthur , John P. Salvador , Seth E. Lerner , Balasubramanian Lakshmanan , Abdullah B. Alp
IPC分类号： H01M8/02
CPC分类号： H01M8/04619 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04231 , H01M8/04302 , H01M8/04402 , H01M8/0441 , H01M8/04447 , H01M8/04552 , H01M8/04753 , H01M8/04761 , H01M8/04955 , H01M2008/1095 , Y02B90/14
摘要： A method for providing a fast and reliable start-up of a fuel cell system. The method uses a stack voltage response to a load to assess if hydrogen and oxygen are being sufficiently distributed to all of the fuel cells by coupling an auxiliary load to the fuel cell stack until a predetermined minimum cell voltage has been reached or a first predetermined time period has elapsed. The method then determines whether a minimum cell voltage has dropped to a first predetermined voltage and, if so, reduces the maximum power allowed to be below the first predetermined voltage value, determines whether the minimum cell voltage in the stack is below a second predetermined voltage, or determines whether the minimum cell voltage drop rate is greater than a predetermined voltage drop rate. If none of these conditions are met, the method returns to loading the stack with system components.
摘要翻译：一种用于提供快速可靠的燃料电池系统启动的方法。该方法使用对负载的堆叠电压响应来评估氢和氧是否通过将辅助负载耦合到燃料电池堆而充分地分配给所有燃料电池，直到达到预定的最小电池电压或第一预定时间时间过去了然后，该方法确定最小单元电压是否已经下降到第一预定电压，如果是，则将允许的最大功率减小到低于第一预定电压值，确定堆叠中的最小单元电压是否低于第二预定电压，或者确定最小单元电压降率是否大于预定的电压降率。如果没有满足这些条件，则该方法返回使用系统组件加载堆栈。

8. 发明授权

US07862942B2 Strategies for mitigating cell degradation during start-up and shutdown with H2/N2 storage 有权
标题翻译：在H2 / N2存储启动和关闭期间减轻电池退化的策略
公开(公告)号：US07862942B2
公开(公告)日：2011-01-04
申请号：US11669893
申请日：2007-01-31
申请人： John P. Salvador , Balsu Lakshmanan , Abdullah B. Alp , David A. Arthur
发明人： John P. Salvador , Balsu Lakshmanan , Abdullah B. Alp , David A. Arthur
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04164 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04231 , H01M8/04302 , H01M8/04753 , H01M8/0494 , H01M8/04955 , H01M8/249 , H01M2008/1095
摘要： A system and method for reducing cathode carbon corrosion during start-up of a fuel cell stack. If a long enough period of time has gone by since the last system shutdown, then both the anode side and the cathode side of the stack will be filled with air. If the system includes split sub-stacks, then a start-up sequence uses a fast hydrogen purge through each sub-stack separately so as to minimize the time of the hydrogen/air front flowing through the anode side of the stacks. The start-up sequence then employs a slow hydrogen purge through the sub-stacks at the same time. If the time from the last shutdown is short enough where a significant amount of hydrogen still exists in the cathode side and the anode side of the sub-stacks, then the fast hydrogen purge can be eliminated, and the start-up sequence proceeds directly to the slow hydrogen purge.
摘要翻译：一种用于在燃料电池堆启动期间减少阴极碳腐蚀的系统和方法。如果从上一次系统关机起已经过了足够长的时间，那么堆叠的阳极侧和阴极侧将充满空气。如果系统包括拆分的子堆叠，则启动顺序分别使用每个子堆的快速氢气吹扫，以便最小化氢/空气前沿流经堆叠的阳极侧的时间。然后启动序列同时通过子堆的慢氢气清洗。如果在最后停机的时间足够短，在堆叠的阴极侧和阳极侧仍然存在显着量的氢气，则可以消除快速氢气清洗，并且启动顺序直接进行到慢氢气清洗。

9. 发明申请

US20090081490A1 CLOSED-LOOP METHOD FOR FUEL CELL SYSTEM START-UP WITH LOW VOLTAGE SOURCE 有权
标题翻译：用于低电压源的燃料电池系统启动的闭环方法
公开(公告)号：US20090081490A1
公开(公告)日：2009-03-26
申请号：US11858987
申请日：2007-09-21
申请人： Abdullah B. Alp , Akbar Chowdhury , Matthew C. Kirklin , Matthew K. Hortop , John P. Salvador
发明人： Abdullah B. Alp , Akbar Chowdhury , Matthew C. Kirklin , Matthew K. Hortop , John P. Salvador
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04753 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04225 , H01M8/04231 , H01M8/04302 , H01M8/04395 , H01M8/04567 , H01M8/04731 , H01M8/04805 , H01M8/04888 , H01M2008/1095 , Y02E60/50
摘要： A fuel cell system is provided that includes a fuel cell stack and an air compressor in communication with a cathode inlet, a hydrogen source in communication with an anode inlet, and a start-up battery adapted to power the air compressor. The start-up battery is at least one of a low-voltage battery and a high-voltage battery. A pressure sensor is in communication with the air compressor and adapted to measure a compressor outlet pressure. A power conversion module is in electrical communication with the start-up battery and the air compressor. A controller is in communication with the power conversion module and adapted to set an air compressor speed based on an available electrical energy. A closed-loop method of operating the fuel cell system at start-up is also provided, wherein an anode purge is scheduled based on an air flow rate calculated from the compressor outlet pressure and the actual speed.
摘要翻译：提供一种燃料电池系统，其包括与阴极入口连通的燃料电池堆和空气压缩机，与阳极入口连通的氢源和适于为空气压缩机供电的启动电池。启动电池至少是低压电池和高压电池中的一种。压力传感器与空气压缩机连通并适于测量压缩机出口压力。电源转换模块与起动电池和空气压缩机电连通。控制器与电力转换模块通信，并且适于基于可用的电能来设定空气压缩机速度。还提供了在启动时操作燃料电池系统的闭环方法，其中基于从压缩机出口压力和实际速度计算出的空气流量来排列阳极吹扫。

10. 发明申请

US20080182138A1 Strategies for Mitigating Cell Degradation During Start-Up and Shutdown with H2/N2 Storage 有权
标题翻译：在H2 / N2储存启动和关闭期间缓解细胞降解的策略
公开(公告)号：US20080182138A1
公开(公告)日：2008-07-31
申请号：US11669893
申请日：2007-01-31
申请人： John P. Salvador , Balsu Lakshmanan , Abdullah B. Alp , David A. Arthur
发明人： John P. Salvador , Balsu Lakshmanan , Abdullah B. Alp , David A. Arthur
IPC分类号： H01M8/02
CPC分类号： H01M8/04164 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04231 , H01M8/04302 , H01M8/04753 , H01M8/0494 , H01M8/04955 , H01M8/249 , H01M2008/1095
摘要： A system and method for reducing cathode carbon corrosion during start-up of a fuel cell stack. If a long enough period of time has gone by since the last system shutdown, then both the anode side and the cathode side of the stack will be filled with air. If the system includes split sub-stacks, then a start-up sequence uses a fast hydrogen purge through each sub-stack separately so as to minimize the time of the hydrogen/air front flowing through the anode side of the stacks. The start-up sequence then employs a slow hydrogen purge through the sub-stacks at the same time. If the time from the last shutdown is short enough where a significant amount of hydrogen still exists in the cathode side and the anode side of the sub-stacks, then the fast hydrogen purge can be eliminated, and the start-up sequence proceeds directly to the slow hydrogen purge.
摘要翻译：一种用于在燃料电池堆启动期间减少阴极碳腐蚀的系统和方法。如果从上一次系统关机起已经过了足够长的时间，那么堆叠的阳极侧和阴极侧将充满空气。如果系统包括拆分的子堆叠，则启动顺序分别使用每个子堆的快速氢气吹扫，以便最小化氢/空气前沿流经堆叠的阳极侧的时间。然后启动序列同时通过子堆的慢氢气清洗。如果在最后停机的时间足够短，在堆叠的阴极侧和阳极侧仍然存在显着量的氢气，则可以消除快速氢气吹扫，并且启动顺序直接进行到慢氢气清洗。

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