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    • 6. 发明授权
    • Method to media mill particles using crosslinked polymer media and
organic solvent
    • US5902711A
    • 1999-05-11
    • US881952
    • 1997-06-25
    • Dennis E. SmithJames R. BennettLouis J. Sorriero
    • Dennis E. SmithJames R. BennettLouis J. Sorriero
    • G03G9/08G03G9/00B02C21/00
    • G03G9/0806G03G9/081G03G9/0819
    • A process of forming milled solid particles of a compound comprising milling solid particles of the compound in a liquid organic medium continuous phase in the presence of polymeric milling media to reduce the average size of the compound particles, wherein the liquid continuous phase comprises a solvent for the milling media polymer in the uncrosslinked form and the milling media is crosslinked sufficiently to prevent 50 vol. % swelling of the polymeric milling media in the liquid continuous phase within four hours at 25.degree. C. In various preferred embodiments of the invention, polymeric milling media having a mean particle size of less than about 100 .mu.m in the unswelled state (i.e., prior to addition to the liquid organic continuous phase) is used; the compound particles are milled to an average particle size of less than 100 nm; the compound comprises electrophotographic toner pigment; the liquid continuous phase comprises an ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable monomer; and the milling media polymer comprises polymerized styrene and divinylbenzene monomers. In an additional preferred embodiment of the invention wherein the compound comprises electrophotographic toner pigment and the liquid organic medium continuous phase comprises an ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable monomer, electrophotographic toner particles are formed by polymerizing the ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable monomer after the toner pigment compound is milled. It is a particularly advantageous feature of this invention that there is provided a method of preparing extremely fine solid particles of a compound free of unacceptable contamination and/or discoloration using polymeric milling media in a liquid continuous phase which is an effective solvent for the milling media polymer in uncrosslinked form. It is a further advantage of the invention to allow for preparing electrophotographic toner particles directly from a milled toner pigment particle dispersion without first needing to separate the milled particles from the liquid milling medium continuous phase. The ability to form extremely fine, e.g., less than 100 nm, size pigment particles in accordance with the invention is especially advantageous where toner particles are subsequently formed by suspension polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers after milling of the pigment particles.
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Process for preparing porous polymer particles
    • 制备多孔聚合物颗粒的方法
    • US08466206B1
    • 2013-06-18
    • US13334199
    • 2011-12-22
    • Xiqiang YangJames R. Bennett
    • Xiqiang YangJames R. Bennett
    • C08J9/00
    • C08J9/0066C08J9/28C08J2201/0482C08J2325/14C08J2367/00
    • A process for forming polymer particles with aligned pores and controlled narrow particle size distribution, including: a) forming an oil phase by dissolving a polymeric binder in a solvent; b) dispersing the oil phase into a water phase containing a controlled amount of particulate stabilizer and forming an oil-in-water emulsion of controlled narrow dispersed oil phase droplet size distribution; c) freezing the emulsion to freeze solvent in the oil droplets to form frozen solvent domains within the polymeric binder, and also the water in the continuous water phase; and d) removing the frozen solvent from the polymeric binder and the frozen water in the continuous water phase, thereby forming porous polymer particles of controlled narrow particle size distribution and containing directional aligned non-spherical pore structures. Optionally, the porous particles may contain encapsulated functional ingredients.
    • 一种用于形成具有排列孔和受控的窄粒度分布的聚合物颗粒的方法,包括:a)通过将聚合物粘合剂溶解在溶剂中形成油相; b)将油相分散到含有受控量的颗粒稳定剂的水相中并形成受控窄分散油相液滴尺寸分布的水包油乳液; c)冷冻乳液以在油滴中冷冻溶剂,以在聚合物粘合剂内形成冷冻溶剂结构域,以及连续水相中的水; 以及d)从连续水相中的聚合物粘合剂和冷冻水中除去冷冻的溶剂,从而形成受控窄粒度分布的多孔聚合物颗粒并且包含定向排列的非球形孔结构。 任选地,多孔颗粒可以含有包封的功能性成分。