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1. 发明授权

US07500973B2 Cryosurgical devices and methods for endometrial ablation 失效
标题翻译：用于子宫内膜消融的冷冻手术装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US07500973B2
公开(公告)日：2009-03-10
申请号：US11020791
申请日：2004-12-22
申请人： David W. Vancelette , Nicholas R. van der Walt , Jia Hua Xiao , Eva S. Snitkin
发明人： David W. Vancelette , Nicholas R. van der Walt , Jia Hua Xiao , Eva S. Snitkin
IPC分类号： A61B18/18
CPC分类号： A61B18/02 , A61B2017/4216 , A61B2018/0022 , A61B2018/0212 , A61B2018/0262
摘要： A cryoablation system including a cannula having a proximal end, a distal end, and a longitudinal axis, an expandable balloon extending from the distal end of the cannula and fluidly connected to a source of heat transfer fluid by at least one fluid path, a pump for circulating the heat transfer fluid into and out of the balloon, a probe handle coupled to the proximal end of the cannula and in fluidic communication with the balloon through the cannula, and a heat exchanger for varying the temperature of the heat transfer fluid, wherein the heat exchanger is fluidly connected to a secondary refrigerant source. The heat exchanger may be positioned within the probe handle, within the cannula, or at least partially within the balloon. The heat transfer fluid of this cryoablation system preferably has a freezing point lower than about −110° C. and a boiling point greater than about 50° C.
摘要翻译：一种冷冻消融系统，包括具有近端，远端和纵向轴线的插管，从套管的远端延伸并且通过至少一个流体路径流体连接到传热流体源的可膨胀气囊，泵用于使所述传热流体循环到所述球囊中;探针手柄，其耦合到所述套管的近端并通过所述套管与所述球囊流体连通;以及热交换器，用于改变所述传热流体的温度，其中热交换器流体地连接到二次制冷剂源。热交换器可以位于探针手柄内，套管内，或者至少部分地位于气囊内。该冷冻消融系统的传热流体优选具有低于约-110℃的凝固点和大于约50℃的沸点。

2. 发明授权

US07381208B2 Cryosurgical devices for endometrial ablation 有权
标题翻译：用于子宫内膜消融的冷冻手术器械
公开(公告)号：US07381208B2
公开(公告)日：2008-06-03
申请号：US11020792
申请日：2004-12-22
申请人： Nicholas R. van der Walt , Jia Hua Xiao , David W. Vancelette
发明人： Nicholas R. van der Walt , Jia Hua Xiao , David W. Vancelette
IPC分类号： A61B18/18
CPC分类号： A61B18/02 , A61B2017/4216 , A61B2018/0022 , A61B2018/0212 , A61B2018/0262
摘要： A cryoablation system for performing endometrial ablation comprising an elongated tubular cannula having a proximal end, a distal end, and a longitudinal axis, an expandable balloon extending from the distal end of the cannula and fluidly connected to a source of heat transfer fluid by at least one fluid path, a pump for circulating the heat transfer fluid into and out of the balloon, a probe handle coupled to the proximal end of the cannula and in fluidic communication with the balloon through the cannula, and a heat exchanger for varying the temperature of the heat transfer fluid, wherein the heat exchanger is fluidly connected to a secondary refrigerant source, and wherein the heat exchanger comprises an outer tubular wall and a plurality of fins extending from the tubular wall toward the interior portion of the heat exchanger.
摘要翻译：一种用于进行子宫内膜消融的冷冻消融系统，包括具有近端，远端和纵向轴线的细长管状插管，从套管的远端延伸并且至少流体连接到传热流体源的可膨胀气囊一个流体路径，用于将传热流体循环到气囊中的泵;耦合到套管的近端并通过插管与气囊流体连通的探针手柄，以及用于改变温度的热交换器所述传热流体，其中所述热交换器流体地连接到二次制冷剂源，并且其中所述热交换器包括外部管状壁和从所述管状壁朝向所述热交换器的内部延伸的多个翅片。

3. 发明授权

US5537820A Free piston end position limiter 失效
标题翻译：自由活塞终端限位器
公开(公告)号：US5537820A
公开(公告)日：1996-07-23
申请号：US265790
申请日：1994-06-27
申请人： William T. Beale , Nicholas R. van der Walt , Reuven Z. Unger
发明人： William T. Beale , Nicholas R. van der Walt , Reuven Z. Unger
IPC分类号： F01B29/10 , F01B11/00 , F01B11/02 , F02B71/02 , F02G1/043 , F04B31/00 , F04B35/04 , F04B17/04 , F16K31/365
CPC分类号： F02G1/0435 , F01B11/02 , F02B71/02 , F04B35/045 , F02G2275/20 , Y10S137/907 , Y10T137/7836
摘要： A piston end position limiter for a free piston machine of the type having a piston sealingly reciprocating in a cylinder and separating a work space bounded at one end of the piston from a second space bounded at the opposite end of the piston. The work space and the second space contain a working fluid having an average pressure. A first valve is connected in communication between a fluid reservoir and the work space and is adapted to open only when the working fluid pressure varies sufficiently in one direction from its average pressure. A second position responsive valve is connected between the reservoir and the second space and is operatively linked to the piston for opening in response to the piston reaching a selected end limit of its reciprocation.
摘要翻译：一种用于自由活塞机的活塞端部位置限制器，其具有在气缸中密封地往复运动的活塞，并且将在活塞的一端处限定的工作空间与在活塞的相对端限定的第二空间分离。工作空间和第二空间包含具有平均压力的工作流体。第一阀在流体储存器和工作空间之间连通连接，并且仅当工作流体压力从其平均压力沿一个方向充分变化时适于打开。第二位置响应阀连接在储存器和第二空间之间，并且可操作地连接到活塞以响应于活塞达到其往复运动的选定的端限而打开。

4. 发明授权

US5715693A Refrigeration circuit having series evaporators and modulatable compressor 失效
公开(公告)号：US5715693A
公开(公告)日：1998-02-10
申请号：US690226
申请日：1996-07-19
申请人： Nicholas R. van der Walt , Reuven Z. Unger
发明人： Nicholas R. van der Walt , Reuven Z. Unger
IPC分类号： F25B5/04 , F25B49/02 , F25B41/00
CPC分类号： F25B49/022 , F25B5/04 , F25B2400/073 , F25D2700/12 , F25D2700/122
摘要： A refrigeration system having a modulatable compressor and a Rankine cycle refrigeration circuit having at least two evaporators. The flow rate of the compressor is modulated in response to the sensed temperature of the masses being cooled, and the control circuit switches valves to control the refrigerant flow path and modulates the flow rate of the compressor to optimize the efficiency of the refrigeration system.

5. 发明授权

US6038874A Refrigeration circuit having series evaporators and modulatable compressor 失效
标题翻译：具有串联蒸发器和可调节压缩机的制冷回路
公开(公告)号：US6038874A
公开(公告)日：2000-03-21
申请号：US928873
申请日：1997-09-12
申请人： Nicholas R. van der Walt , Reuven Z. Unger
发明人： Nicholas R. van der Walt , Reuven Z. Unger
IPC分类号： F25B5/04 , F25B49/02 , F25B41/00
CPC分类号： F25B49/022 , F25B5/04 , F25B2400/073 , F25D2700/12 , F25D2700/122
摘要： A refrigeration system having a modulatable compressor and a Rankine cycle refrigeration circuit having at least two evaporators. The flow rate of the compressor is modulated in response to the sensed temperature of the masses being cooled, and the control circuit switches valves to control the refrigerant flow path and modulates the flow rate of the compressor to optimize the efficiency of the refrigeration system.
摘要翻译：具有可调节压缩机和兰金循环制冷回路的制冷系统具有至少两个蒸发器。压缩机的流量响应感测到的待冷却质量的温度而被调制，并且控制电路切换阀门以控制制冷剂流动路径并且调节压缩机的流量以优化制冷系统的效率。

6. 发明授权

US06536326B2 Control system and method for preventing destructive collisions in free piston machines 有权
标题翻译：用于防止自由活塞机械中的破坏性碰撞的控制系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06536326B2
公开(公告)日：2003-03-25
申请号：US09883003
申请日：2001-06-15
申请人： Reuven Z. Unger , Nicholas R. van der Walt , Douglas E. Keiter
发明人： Reuven Z. Unger , Nicholas R. van der Walt , Douglas E. Keiter
IPC分类号： F15B1316
CPC分类号： F02B71/00 , F02G2275/20 , F25B2309/001
摘要： In a free piston machine, initial collisions of the piston with structures at the end of the cylinder are detected and generate a change in the magnitude of a perturbation signal, which is applied to the summing junction of a closed loop feedback control system controlling a piston force. The change is applied in a direction to reduce piston amplitude. In embodiments in which maximization of piston amplitude is desirable, the magnitude of the perturbation signal is also varied in the opposite direction in the absence of collisions to increase piston amplitude of oscillation so that operation then hunts between initial nondestructive collisions and a non-colliding maximum amplitude of piston oscillation.
摘要翻译：在自由活塞机中，检测到活塞与气缸末端的结构的初始碰撞，并产生扰动信号的大小的变化，扰动信号被施加到控制活塞的闭环反馈控制系统的求和点力。该变化应用于减小活塞振幅的方向。在需要活塞幅度最大化的实施例中，扰动信号的大小也在不存在碰撞的情况下在相反方向上变化，以增加活塞的振荡幅度，从而使操作在初始非破坏性碰撞之间和非碰撞最大值活塞振动幅度。

7. 发明授权

US5525845A Fluid bearing with compliant linkage for centering reciprocating bodies 失效
标题翻译：流体轴承采用顺应连接件，用于定心往复体
公开(公告)号：US5525845A
公开(公告)日：1996-06-11
申请号：US214984
申请日：1994-03-21
申请人： William T. Beale , Nicholas R. van der Walt , Reuven Z. Unger
发明人： William T. Beale , Nicholas R. van der Walt , Reuven Z. Unger
IPC分类号： F02G1/053 , F02B71/04 , F02G1/043 , F04B35/04 , F04B39/04 , F04B53/00 , F16J10/00 , H02K5/16 , H02K33/00 , H02K33/16 , H02K33/18 , H02K35/00
CPC分类号： F04B39/045 , F02G1/0435 , F04B35/045 , F04B53/008 , H02K33/00 , F02B71/04 , H02K33/16 , H02K35/00 , H02K5/16
摘要： An improved mechanical transducer of the type having a body reciprocating in a chamber, the body being linked to a housing by a linkage including an axially compliant spring. An anti-friction fluid bearing applies a lateral centering force upon the body and a linkage component of the linkage has a lateral compliance sufficient for the centering forces exerted by the fluid bearing to at least equal the sum of lateral force exerted by the linkage and other lateral forces exerted upon the body. That lateral compliance allows the centering forces of the fluid bearing to be effective in moving the body away from the chamber wall and thereby minimize contact and consequent wear of the interfacing surfaces between the body and the chamber wall.
摘要翻译：一种改进的机械换能器，其具有在腔室中往复运动的本体，所述主体通过包括轴向柔性弹簧的连杆与壳体连接。一种抗摩擦流体轴承将一个侧向定心力施加在主体上，并且连杆的连接部件具有足够的横向顺从性，使得由流体轴承施加的中心力至少等于由连杆和其它部件施加的横向力之和施加在身体上的横向力。该侧向顺从性允许流体轴承的定中心力有效地使身体远离腔壁，从而最小化身体和腔室壁之间的接合表面的接触和随之而来的磨损。

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