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1. 发明授权

US5558836A Emission detection systems for determining the presence of contaminants 失效
标题翻译：用于确定污染物存在的排放检测系统
公开(公告)号：US5558836A
公开(公告)日：1996-09-24
申请号：US316905
申请日：1994-10-03
申请人： David P. Rounbehler , Dirk Appel , Daniel A. Dussault , Thomas M. Levine , Jonathan E. Bosworth
发明人： David P. Rounbehler , Dirk Appel , Daniel A. Dussault , Thomas M. Levine , Jonathan E. Bosworth
IPC分类号： G01N21/15 , G01N21/90
CPC分类号： G01N21/15 , G01N21/9018
摘要： A detection system for detecting the emission (i.e., the fluorescence or phosphorescence) from a contaminant contained in a sample gas. In order to keep the optics of the system clean and maintain a high signal-to-noise ratio in the detected signal, the detection system contains a housing separated into illumination and sample chambers by an aperture-containing partition. A sample inlet port is connected to the sample chamber, and a purge inlet port is connected to the illumination chamber to direct the purge and sample gasses into their respective chambers. A vacuum system is connected to a vacuum port on the sample chamber to simultaneously draw the sample and purge gasses into their chambers through the inlet ports; the purge gas is then drawn through the aperture and into the sample chamber. Finally, both gasses are drawn out of the sample chamber through the vacuum port. Thus, the vacuum provides a flow of sample gas into the sample chamber, and a flow of purge gas into the illumination chamber to reduce contact between the sample gas and a portion of the optics, thereby keeping them free of debris.
摘要翻译：一种用于从包含在样品气体中的污染物检测发射（即，荧光或磷光）的检测系统。为了保持系统的光学系统清洁并且在检测到的信号中保持高的信噪比，检测系统包含通过孔径分隔分隔成照明和样品室的壳体。样品入口连接到样品室，净化入口连接到照明室，以将吹扫和样品气体引导到它们各自的室中。真空系统连接到样品室上的真空端口，以同时抽取样品并通过入口将气体吹扫到其室内; 吹扫气体然后被吸入孔中并进入样品室。最后，气体都通过真空口从样品室中抽出。因此，真空提供样品气体流入样品室，以及吹扫气体流入照明室，以减少样品气体和光学部件之间的接触，从而保持它们没有碎屑。

2. 发明授权

US07454952B2 Method and apparatus for monitoring mercury in a gas sample 有权
标题翻译：用于监测气体样品中汞的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07454952B2
公开(公告)日：2008-11-25
申请号：US11120182
申请日：2005-05-02
申请人： Dieter Kita , James H. Grassi , Jeffrey Socha , Dirk Appel
发明人： Dieter Kita , James H. Grassi , Jeffrey Socha , Dirk Appel
IPC分类号： G01N7/00
CPC分类号： G01N33/0013 , G01N1/4044 , G01N21/6404
摘要： Disclosed are a system and method for monitoring total mercury within a gas sample in a substantially continuous manner and for calibrating for both elemental and oxidized mercury. A converter of the Continuous Emission Monitoring System (CEMS) receives a gas sample containing vaporized mercury from a probe. The converter converts oxidized mercury present within the gas sample into an elemental mercury component and an oxidizing component using thermal cracking. The converter also reduces the pressure of the gas sample to minimize recombination of the elemental mercury component with the oxidizing components. A mercury analyzer of the system receives the reduced pressure gas sample from the converter and detects the fluorescence of the elemental mercury within the sample. The mercury analyzer holds the gas sample at the reduced pressure to reduce an effect of fluorescence quenching on the fluorescence of the elemental mercury within the sample and provides substantially accurate measurement of the concentration of the elemental mercury in the gas sample.
摘要翻译：公开了以基本上连续的方式监测气体样品中的总汞并用于校准元素和氧化汞的系统和方法。连续排放监测系统（CEMS）的转换器从探头接收含有汽化汞的气体样品。该转换器将气体样品中存在的氧化汞转化成元素汞组分和使用热裂解的氧化组分。该转化器还降低气体样品的压力，以使元素汞组分与氧化组分的复合最小化。系统的汞分析仪从转换器接收减压气体样品并检测样品中元素汞的荧光。汞分析仪在减压下保持气体样品，以减少荧光猝灭对样品中元素汞的荧光的影响，并提供气体样品中元素汞浓度的基本准确的测量。

3. 发明授权

US07354553B2 Method and apparatus for detecting the presence of elemental mercury in a gas sample 有权
标题翻译：用于检测气体样品中元素汞的存在的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07354553B2
公开(公告)日：2008-04-08
申请号：US11120317
申请日：2005-05-02
申请人： Dirk Appel , James H. Grassi , Dieter Kita , Jeffrey Socha
发明人： Dirk Appel , James H. Grassi , Dieter Kita , Jeffrey Socha
IPC分类号： G01N33/20 , G01N21/64 , G01J3/443
CPC分类号： G01N21/6408
摘要： An improved elemental mercury analyzer utilizes a fluorescence assembly in combination with a fluorescence quenching reduction mechanism to detect the concentration of elemental mercury within an emission gas sample, via fluorescence of the mercury within the gas sample, while minimizing fluorescence quenching of the gas sample. In one arrangement, the analyzer contains the emission gas sample under a vacuum or negative pressure while detecting fluorescence of the elemental mercury within the emission gas sample. By performing fluorescence detection of the emission gas sample at reduced pressure relative to the pressure of the as-sampled emission gas, the analyzer reduces the number of particle collisions within the emission gas sample over a certain period of time. Such collisional deactivation, and/or the addition of oxygen depleted gas such as nitrogen to the gas sample, reduces fluorescence quenching of the emission gas sample, improving accuracy of detection of mercury.
摘要翻译：改进的元素汞分析仪利用荧光组合与荧光淬灭降低机制结合，以通过气体样品中汞的荧光检测发射气体样品中的元素汞的浓度，同时最小化气体样品的荧光猝灭。在一种布置中，分析仪在真空或负压下包含发射气体样品，同时检测排放气体样品中的元素汞的荧光。通过相对于采样排放气体的压力在减压下进行发射气体样品的荧光检测，分析仪在一定时间内减少了排放气体样品内的颗粒碰撞次数。这种碰撞失活和/或向气体样品中添加贫氧气体如氮气可以减少发射气体样品的荧光猝灭，提高汞的检测精度。

4. 发明申请

US20060243096A1 Method and apparatus for converting oxidized mercury into elemental mercury 审中-公开
标题翻译：将氧化汞转化为元素汞的方法和设备
公开(公告)号：US20060243096A1
公开(公告)日：2006-11-02
申请号：US11120315
申请日：2005-05-02
申请人： Dieter Kita , James Grassi , Jeffrey Socha , Dirk Appel
发明人： Dieter Kita , James Grassi , Jeffrey Socha , Dirk Appel
IPC分类号： C22B43/00
CPC分类号： C22B43/00 , B01D53/64 , B01D2257/602 , C22B7/001 , Y02P10/214
摘要： An oxidized mercury converter utilizes a combination of heat, reduced pressure, and dilution when converting oxidized mercury in a gas sample into elemental mercury. The converter applies heat to a gas sample to thermally convert oxidized mercury within a gas sample into elemental mercury and an oxidizing component, and thereafter reduces the pressure of the gas sample to minimize combination of the elemental mercury with other oxidizing compounds present in the gas sample and/or with byproducts of the thermal conversion (e.g., the oxidizing components). The converter thus allows an accurate analysis of the total amount of mercury, both oxidized and elemental forms, present within a gas sample without the need to use consumable reagents in the mercury conversion process.
摘要翻译：氧化汞转化器在将气体样品中的氧化汞转化为元素汞时，利用热，减压和稀释的组合。转换器向气体样品施加热量以将气体样品中的氧化汞热转化为元素汞和氧化组分，然后降低气体样品的压力，以使元素汞与气体样品中存在的其他氧化化合物的组合最小化和/或与热转化的副产物（例如，氧化组分）。因此，转换器可以准确分析存在于气体样品中的氧化元素和元素的总量，而不需要在汞转化过程中使用可消耗的试剂。

5. 发明申请

US20100111788A1 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONVERTING OXIDIZED MERCURY INTO ELEMENTAL MERCURY 有权
标题翻译：将氧化汞转化为元素汞的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20100111788A1
公开(公告)日：2010-05-06
申请号：US12613777
申请日：2009-11-06
申请人： Dieter Kita , James H. Grassi , Jeffrey Socha , Dirk Appel
发明人： Dieter Kita , James H. Grassi , Jeffrey Socha , Dirk Appel
IPC分类号： B01D53/46
CPC分类号： C22B43/00 , B01D53/64 , B01D2257/602 , C22B7/001 , Y02P10/214
摘要： An oxidized mercury converter utilizes a combination of heat, reduced pressure, and dilution when converting oxidized mercury in a gas sample into elemental mercury. The converter applies heat to a gas sample to thermally convert oxidized mercury within a gas sample into elemental mercury and an oxidizing component, and thereafter reduces the pressure of the gas sample to minimize combination of the elemental mercury with other oxidizing compounds present in the gas sample and/or with byproducts of the thermal conversion (e.g., the oxidizing components). The converter thus allows an accurate analysis of the total amount of mercury, both oxidized and elemental forms, present within a gas sample without the need to use consumable reagents in the mercury conversion process.
摘要翻译：氧化汞转化器在将气体样品中的氧化汞转化为元素汞时，利用热，减压和稀释的组合。转换器向气体样品施加热量以将气体样品中的氧化汞热转化为元素汞和氧化组分，然后降低气体样品的压力，以使元素汞与气体样品中存在的其他氧化化合物的组合最小化和/或与热转化的副产物（例如，氧化组分）。因此，转换器可以准确分析存在于气体样品中的氧化元素和元素的总量，而不需要在汞转化过程中使用可消耗的试剂。

6. 发明授权

US6013228A Method and system for sampling and determining the presence of compounds in containers using a pulsed fluorescence detector 失效
标题翻译：使用脉冲荧光检测器取样和确定容器中化合物的存在的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US6013228A
公开(公告)日：2000-01-11
申请号：US51210
申请日：1993-04-22
申请人： Eugene K. Achter , Dirk Appel , David H. Fine , Freeman W. Fraim , Stephen J. MacDonald
发明人： Eugene K. Achter , Dirk Appel , David H. Fine , Freeman W. Fraim , Stephen J. MacDonald
IPC分类号： B07C5/34 , B08B9/46 , B29B17/00 , B29B17/02 , G01N1/00 , G01N1/22 , G01N1/24 , G01N21/64 , G01N21/76 , G01N21/90 , G01N33/00 , G01N33/44 , G01N35/02 , G01N21/00 , B07C5/02 , G01N1/14 , G01N31/12
CPC分类号： B07C5/34 , B08B9/46 , B29B17/00 , B29B17/02 , G01N1/2226 , G01N21/64 , G01N21/766 , G01N21/9018 , B08B2203/005 , B29B2017/0203 , B29B2017/0275 , B29K2067/00 , B29K2105/065 , B29L2031/7158 , G01N1/2202 , G01N1/24 , G01N2001/2223 , G01N2001/2229 , G01N2033/0081 , G01N21/76 , Y02W30/62 , Y02W30/622 , Y10T436/11 , Y10T436/113332 , Y10T436/17
摘要： Disclosed is a method and apparatus for sampling and determining the presence of certain substances, such as residues of contaminants in containers. The method includes steps of: injecting compressed air into said containers in order to displace at least a portion of the contents thereof; evacuating a sample of the container contents so displaced by applying suction thereto; and analyzing the sample evacuated to determine the presence or absence of the certain residues therein. The compressed air is injected through a nozzle into an opening in the containers to displace a portion of the container contents and form a sample cloud outside of the container. The sample cloud is then at least partially evacuated by suction and the sample is analyzed for the presence of contaminants such as nitrogen containing compounds or hydrocarbons. The sample cloud may be split into first and second portions. Contaminants in the first portion are detected by a chemiluminescence detector and the second portion by a pulsed fluorescence detector.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于取样和确定某些物质（例如容器中污染物残留物）的存在的方法和装置。该方法包括以下步骤：将压缩空气注入所述容器中以便移动其内容物的至少一部分; 通过向其抽吸而排出容易收集的容器样品的抽吸物; 并分析抽空的样品以确定其中某些残留物的存在或不存在。压缩空气通过喷嘴注入到容器中的开口中以置换容器内容物的一部分并在容器外部形成样品云。然后通过抽吸至少部分抽空样品云，并分析样品中是否存在污染物，如含氮化合物或碳氢化合物。样品云可以分成第一和第二部分。第一部分的污染物由化学发光检测器检测，第二部分由脉冲荧光检测器检测。

7. 发明授权

US08080083B2 Method and apparatus for converting oxidized mercury into elemental mercury 有权
标题翻译：将氧化汞转化为元素汞的方法和设备
公开(公告)号：US08080083B2
公开(公告)日：2011-12-20
申请号：US12613777
申请日：2009-11-06
申请人： Dieter Kita , James H. Grassi , Jeffrey Socha , Dirk Appel
发明人： Dieter Kita , James H. Grassi , Jeffrey Socha , Dirk Appel
IPC分类号： C22B43/00
CPC分类号： C22B43/00 , B01D53/64 , B01D2257/602 , C22B7/001 , Y02P10/214
摘要： An oxidized mercury converter utilizes a combination of heat, reduced pressure, and dilution when converting oxidized mercury in a gas sample into elemental mercury. The converter applies heat to a gas sample to thermally convert oxidized mercury within a gas sample into elemental mercury and an oxidizing component, and thereafter reduces the pressure of the gas sample to minimize combination of the elemental mercury with other oxidizing compounds present in the gas sample and/or with byproducts of the thermal conversion (e.g., the oxidizing components). The converter thus allows an accurate analysis of the total amount of mercury, both oxidized and elemental forms, present within a gas sample without the need to use consumable reagents in the mercury conversion process.
摘要翻译：氧化汞转化器在将气体样品中的氧化汞转化为元素汞时，利用热，减压和稀释的组合。转换器向气体样品施加热量以将气体样品中的氧化汞热转化为元素汞和氧化组分，然后降低气体样品的压力，以使元素汞与气体样品中存在的其他氧化化合物的组合最小化和/或与热转化的副产物（例如，氧化组分）。因此，转换器可以准确分析存在于气体样品中的氧化元素和元素的总量，而不需要在汞转化过程中使用可消耗的试剂。

8. 发明申请

US20090213381A1 ANALYZER SYSTEM AND OPTICAL FILTERING 审中-公开
标题翻译：分析系统和光学滤波
公开(公告)号：US20090213381A1
公开(公告)日：2009-08-27
申请号：US12112401
申请日：2008-04-30
申请人： Dirk Appel , Gaston E. Marzoratti , Shrikrishna H. Nabar , Robert F. Mouradian
发明人： Dirk Appel , Gaston E. Marzoratti , Shrikrishna H. Nabar , Robert F. Mouradian
IPC分类号： G01N21/59
CPC分类号： G01N21/3504 , G01N21/031 , G01N21/274 , G01N2021/3133 , G01N2021/3174 , G01N2201/1215
摘要： A gas analyzer system includes an optical source, an optical filter assembly, a controller, and an analyzer. The optical source generates an optical signal. The optical filter assembly includes different optical filters in which to filter the optical signal. During operation, the controller selects sequential application of each of the different optical filters in a path of the optical signal to modulate the optical signal using different frequency bands of optical energy. The modulated optical signal passes through an unknown sample. The optical analyzer analyzes the modulated optical signal after passing through the sample to detect which types of multiple different gases are present in the sample.
摘要翻译：气体分析仪系统包括光源，光学滤光器组件，控制器和分析器。光源产生光信号。滤光器组件包括不同的滤光器，用于滤光光信号。在操作期间，控制器选择在光信号的路径中的每个不同滤光器的顺序应用，以使用不同的光能频带调制光信号。经调制的光信号通过未知样品。光学分析仪在通过样品后分析调制的光信号，以检测样品中存在哪种类型的多种不同的气体。

9. 发明申请

US20060246594A1 Method and apparatus for detecting the presence of elemental mercury in a gas sample 有权
标题翻译：用于检测气体样品中元素汞的存在的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20060246594A1
公开(公告)日：2006-11-02
申请号：US11120317
申请日：2005-05-02
申请人： Dirk Appel , James Grassi , Dieter Kita , Jeffrey Socha
发明人： Dirk Appel , James Grassi , Dieter Kita , Jeffrey Socha
IPC分类号： G01N31/00
CPC分类号： G01N21/6408
摘要： An improved elemental mercury analyzer utilizes a fluorescence assembly in combination with a fluorescence quenching reduction mechanism to detect the concentration of elemental mercury within an emission gas sample, via fluorescence of the mercury within the gas sample, while minimizing fluorescence quenching of the gas sample. In one arrangement, the analyzer contains the emission gas sample under a vacuum or negative pressure while detecting fluorescence of the elemental mercury within the emission gas sample. By performing fluorescence detection of the emission gas sample at reduced pressure relative to the pressure of the as-sampled emission gas, the analyzer reduces the number of particle collisions within the emission gas sample over a certain period of time. Such collisional deactivation, and/or the addition of oxygen depleted gas such as nitrogen to the gas sample, reduces fluorescence quenching of the emission gas sample, improving accuracy of detection of mercury.
摘要翻译：改进的元素汞分析仪利用荧光组合与荧光淬灭降低机制结合，以通过气体样品中汞的荧光检测发射气体样品中的元素汞的浓度，同时最小化气体样品的荧光猝灭。在一种布置中，分析仪在真空或负压下包含发射气体样品，同时检测排放气体样品中的元素汞的荧光。通过相对于采样排放气体的压力在减压下进行发射气体样品的荧光检测，分析仪在一定时间内减少了排放气体样品内的颗粒碰撞次数。这种碰撞失活和/或向气体样品中添加贫氧气体如氮气可以减少发射气体样品的荧光猝灭，提高汞的检测精度。

10. 发明授权

US07835005B2 Gas analyzer system 有权
标题翻译：气体分析仪系统
公开(公告)号：US07835005B2
公开(公告)日：2010-11-16
申请号：US12112436
申请日：2008-04-30
申请人： Dirk Appel , Gaston E. Marzoratti , Shrikrishna H. Nabar , Robert F. Mouradian
发明人： Dirk Appel , Gaston E. Marzoratti , Shrikrishna H. Nabar , Robert F. Mouradian
IPC分类号： G01N21/00
CPC分类号： G01N21/3504 , G01N21/031 , G01N21/274 , G01N2021/3133 , G01N2021/3174 , G01N2201/1215
摘要： A gas analyzer system includes an optical source, an optical filter assembly, a controller, and an analyzer. The optical source generates an optical signal. The optical filter assembly includes different optical filters in which to filter the optical signal. During operation, the controller selects sequential application of each of the different optical filters in a path of the optical signal to modulate the optical signal using different frequency bands of optical energy. The modulated optical signal passes through an unknown sample. Based on absorption of the optical signal by the sample gas at different frequencies, the optical analyzer detects which types of multiple different gases are present in the sample.
摘要翻译：气体分析仪系统包括光源，光学滤光器组件，控制器和分析器。光源产生光信号。滤光器组件包括不同的滤光器，用于滤光光信号。在操作期间，控制器选择在光信号的路径中的每个不同滤光器的顺序应用，以使用不同的光能频带调制光信号。经调制的光信号通过未知样品。基于不同频率的样品气体对光信号的吸收，光学分析仪检测样品中存在哪种类型的多种不同气体。

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