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1. 发明授权

US5235179A Evanescent wave liquid level sensor with density compensation 失效
标题翻译：渐近波液位传感器具有密度补偿
公开(公告)号：US5235179A
公开(公告)日：1993-08-10
申请号：US764754
申请日：1991-09-24
申请人： David B. Chang , Victor Vali , Keith V. Pearson , Albert F. Lawrence
发明人： David B. Chang , Victor Vali , Keith V. Pearson , Albert F. Lawrence
IPC分类号： G01F23/292 , G01N9/24 , G01N21/55 , G01N21/85
CPC分类号： G01F23/292 , G01N21/552 , G01N9/24 , Y10S250/90 , Y10S250/905
摘要： An evanescent wave liquid level sensor for measuring the density-compensated level of a liquid in a container. The sensor employs an eccentric core optical fiber fully immersed in the liquid to be measured. Light is injected into one end of the fiber. Some of the light will be lost due to evanescent wave losses. Changes in the ratio of the intensity of the input light and the reflected light are due solely to changes in the density of the liquid. Changes in the liquid density can then be used to compensate a liquid level measurement. Since the liquid temperature is related to its density, the sensor can also be used to measure changes in the liquid temperature.
摘要翻译：一种ev逝波液位传感器，用于测量容器中液体的密度补偿水平。传感器采用完全浸入待测液体的偏心芯光纤。光被注入纤维的一端。一些光将由于ev逝的波浪损失而消失。输入光的强度与反射光的比例的变化仅由于液体密度的变化。然后可以使用液体密度的变化来补偿液位测量。由于液体温度与其密度有关，传感器也可用于测量液体温度的变化。

2. 发明授权

US4987582A X-ray fluorescence imaging of elements 失效
标题翻译：元素的X射线荧光成像
公开(公告)号：US4987582A
公开(公告)日：1991-01-22
申请号：US423831
申请日：1989-10-19
申请人： Jackie R. Webster , Keith V. Pearson , David B. Chang , Norton L. Moise , Victor Vali
发明人： Jackie R. Webster , Keith V. Pearson , David B. Chang , Norton L. Moise , Victor Vali
IPC分类号： G01N23/207 , G01N23/223 , G01N33/00
CPC分类号： G01N23/2076 , G01N23/223 , G01N2033/0081 , G01N2223/076
摘要： A system for detecting the presence of known materials in a body or container. The system incorporates a gamma or X-ray source for irradiating the body with gamma rays to produce X-ray fluorescence of materials contained therein. A directionally discriminate X-ray detector is positioned to intercept X-rays emitted from the body and is adapted to pass only those X-rays having a predetermined wavelength and incident from a specific direction that are characteristic of a material of interest contained in the body. The detector includes a dislocation free single crystal having substantially parallel input and output surfaces. A second crystal aligned parallel to the first crystal may be disposed at a position offset from the first crystal to receive the X-rays transmitted by the first crystal in order to discriminate between materials fluorescing within the body. In a specific embodiment of the invention, the first detector comprises an elongated crystal which pass X-rays in accordance with the Borrmann effect. A plurality of the crystals are arranged in a linear array and the container is either scanned with the array or the container passed linearly past the array. The detected X-rays are measured in intensity and the data is processed by suitable data processor to generate a video image indicative of the presence and shape of the specific materials for which the system is adapted. In yet another specific embodiment of the invention, a plurality of such arrays can be arranged with the input surfaces of the crystals disposed at different Bragg angles to simultaneously detect the presence of a selected group of materials.

3. 发明授权

US5233673A Output steerable optical phased array 失效
标题翻译：输出可转换光学相位阵列
公开(公告)号：US5233673A
公开(公告)日：1993-08-03
申请号：US773471
申请日：1991-10-09
申请人： Victor Vali , David B. Chang , Albert F. Lawrence
发明人： Victor Vali , David B. Chang , Albert F. Lawrence
IPC分类号： G02F1/035 , G01S7/48 , G02F1/01 , G02F1/295 , G11B7/135 , H01S5/40
CPC分类号： G02F1/2955 , G01S7/48 , H01S5/40 , G02F1/0134 , G02F1/035 , G02F2202/20 , G02F2203/24
摘要： Optical phased arrays employing a large number of light emitters and optical phase delays between adjacent emitters to steer and focus an optical beam from the contributions of all the light emitters. The array can include a laser oscillator (22) as the light source, with the laser light being conducted via optical waveguides (26, 30 and 32) into optical fibers (34), with phase delays being effected by piezoelectric or electro-optic effects on the optical waveguides. The array can be used in a low cost display device for generating optical images or in an optical memory.
摘要翻译：在相邻发射器之间采用大量光发射器和光相位延迟的光相位阵列，以引导和聚焦来自所有发光体的贡献的光束。阵列可以包括作为光源的激光振荡器（22），激光通过光波导（26,30和32）传导到光纤（34）中，相位延迟通过压电或电光效应在光波导上。该阵列可以用于低成本显示装置中以产生光学图像或在光学存储器中。

4. 发明授权

US5210779A Apparatus and method for focusing hard X-rays 失效
标题翻译：用于聚焦硬X射线的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US5210779A
公开(公告)日：1993-05-11
申请号：US736153
申请日：1991-07-26
申请人： Victor Vali , David B. Chang , Albert F. Lawrence
发明人： Victor Vali , David B. Chang , Albert F. Lawrence
IPC分类号： G03F7/20 , G21K1/06 , H01L21/027
CPC分类号： G21K1/06 , G03F7/70158 , G03F7/70316 , G21K2201/062
摘要： A dislocation-free, composite-substance crystal having a lattice constant which decreases over the length of the crystal (38) convergently focuses beams of hard X-rays or gamma rays (11). A single-substance, dislocation-free crystal (34) collimates diffuse beams of hard X-rays or gamma rays and projects the collimated radiation (11') to the focusing crystal (38). A mask (36) is interposed between the collimating crystal (34) and the focusing crystal (38) causing the collimated radiation (11'') to carry an image of the mask (36). The focusing crystal (38) produces a convergent hard X-ray beam or gamma ray beam (11''') to focus a reduced image of the mask (36) upon the photosensitive layer (41) of a wafer (39). An example of a dislocation-free crystal having a lattice constant which decreases over its length (38) is a dislocation-free silicon-germanium crystal (20) wherein the proportion of germanium to silicon varies over the length of the crystal.
摘要翻译：具有在晶体（38）的长度上减小的晶格常数的无位错复合材料晶体会聚地聚焦硬X射线或γ射线（11）的光束。单体无位错晶体（34）准直了硬X射线或伽马射线的漫射束，并将准直辐射（11'）投影到聚焦晶体（38）。在准直晶体（34）和聚焦晶体（38）之间插入有使准直辐射（11“）携带掩模（36）的图像的掩模（36）。聚焦晶体（38）产生会聚的硬X射线束或伽马射线束（11“），以将掩模（36）的还原图像聚焦在晶片（39）的感光层（41）上。具有在其长度上减小的晶格常数（38）的无位错晶体的实例是无位错硅 - 锗晶体（20），其中锗与硅的比例在晶体长度上变化。

5. 发明授权

US5291032A Fiber optic evanescent wave fuel gauge and leak detector using eccentric core fibers 失效
标题翻译：光纤消弧波燃料计和使用偏心芯纤维的检漏仪
公开(公告)号：US5291032A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-01
申请号：US59714
申请日：1993-05-11
申请人： Victor Vali , David B. Chang , I-Fu Shih , Albert F. Lawrence
发明人： Victor Vali , David B. Chang , I-Fu Shih , Albert F. Lawrence
IPC分类号： G01F23/292 , G01N15/06
CPC分类号： G01F23/292 , Y10S250/907
摘要： An optical fiber evanescent wave fuel sensor, employing a light source with a wavelength selected to be at the strong infrared absorption lines of the fuel, typically hydrocarbons. The amount of light leaking from the optical fiber is an exponential function of the length of the fiber in the liquid, and is independent of the relative indices of refraction of the fuel and fiber cladding material.
摘要翻译：一种光纤ev逝波燃料传感器，其采用波长选定在燃料的强红外吸收线上的光源，通常为烃类。从光纤泄漏的光量是液体中纤维长度的指数函数，并且与燃料和纤维包层材料的相对折射率无关。

6. 发明授权

US5237281A Ion drag air flow meter 失效
标题翻译：离子空气流量计
公开(公告)号：US5237281A
公开(公告)日：1993-08-17
申请号：US612177
申请日：1990-11-13
申请人： Jackie R. Webster , David B. Chang , Keith V. Pearson
发明人： Jackie R. Webster , David B. Chang , Keith V. Pearson
IPC分类号： G01F1/56 , G01F1/704
CPC分类号： G01F1/7042 , G01F1/7046
摘要： An ion drag air flow meter (10) including a gas ionizer (16), an ion collector (14) and apparatus (30) for converting the collected ions into a signal providing an indication of the flow of a gas (40).

7. 发明授权

US5469519A Optical waveguide image transmission system and method 失效
标题翻译：光波导图像传输系统及方法
公开(公告)号：US5469519A
公开(公告)日：1995-11-21
申请号：US13288
申请日：1993-02-04
申请人： David B. Chang , Victor Vali , I-Fu Shih
发明人： David B. Chang , Victor Vali , I-Fu Shih
IPC分类号： G02B6/06 , G02B27/46 , G02B6/32
CPC分类号： G02B27/46 , G02B6/06
摘要： An improved image transmission system which includes an elongate optical waveguide 15 having an input aperture 17 and an output aperture 19. Optical apparatus 11, 13 is provided for injecting a transform of an image into the waveguide. In a specific implementation, the Fourier transform of the image is injected at the input aperture 17. The output image is transformed as well to provide the desired image. When the Fourier components of the image are transmitted, each component propagates at a different velocity. However, the magnitude of the components are preserved and used to reconstruct the image at the output of the waveguide. This allows for the transmission of optical images without digitization with a single, inexpensive waveguide.
摘要翻译：一种改进的图像传输系统，其包括具有输入孔17和输出孔19的细长光波导15.光学装置11,13被设置用于将图像的变换注入到波导中。在具体实现中，图像的傅里叶变换在输入孔17处被注入。输出图像也被变换以提供期望的图像。当传输图像的傅立叶分量时，每个分量以不同的速度传播。然而，分量的大小被保留并用于在波导的输出处重建图像。这允许用单个廉价的波导传输光学图像而不进行数字化。

8. 发明授权

US5289266A Noncontact, on-line determination of phosphate layer thickness and composition of a phosphate coated surface 失效
标题翻译：非接触式，在线测定磷酸盐层厚度和磷酸盐涂层表面的组成
公开(公告)号：US5289266A
公开(公告)日：1994-02-22
申请号：US885066
申请日：1992-05-14
申请人： I-Fu Shih , David B. Chang , Victor Vali
发明人： I-Fu Shih , David B. Chang , Victor Vali
IPC分类号： G01B11/06 , G01N21/31 , G01N21/55 , G01N21/84 , G01B11/02
CPC分类号： G01N21/8422 , G01B11/0616 , G01N2021/8427 , G01N21/314 , G01N21/55
摘要： A nondestructive method and apparatus is disclosed for determining the thickness and composition of a zinc phosphate layer applied to a metal surface, such as sheet metal on an automotive assembly line. The phosphate layer is irradiated with infrared light which is at least partially transmitted through the phosphate layer. Reflections from the upper and lower surfaces of the phosphate layer return a total reflected intensity which is a function of the optical parameters of the phosphate components and the ratio of the components corresponding to the optical parameters. In the event, for example, that a phosphate layer includes two zinc phosphate components, the measure of reflected intensity at two separate wavelengths will be different inasmuch as the optical properties of the zinc phosphate components is also a function of frequency. The measured reflected intensity and its functional dependence upon the ratio of the components within the phosphate layer can be taken together with the known values of the optical parameters of each component to compute the fraction of each component within the phosphate layer.
摘要翻译：公开了用于确定施加到金属表面的磷酸锌层（例如汽车装配线上的金属板）的厚度和组成的非破坏性方法和装置。用至少部分透过磷酸盐层的红外光照射磷酸盐层。从磷酸盐层的上表面和下表面的反射返回总反射强度，其是磷酸盐组分的光学参数和对应于光学参数的组分的比率的函数。在例如磷酸盐层包含两种磷酸锌成分的情况下，由于磷酸锌成分的光学特性也是频率的函数，所以在两个分开的波长处的反射强度的测量将是不同的。测量的反射强度及其对磷酸盐层中组分比例的功能依赖性可以与每个组分的光学参数的已知值一起计算，以计算磷酸盐层内每个组分的分数。

9. 发明授权

US5270538A System for accurately detecting changes in temperature and pressure 失效
标题翻译：准确检测温度和压力变化的系统
公开(公告)号：US5270538A
公开(公告)日：1993-12-14
申请号：US860556
申请日：1992-03-30
申请人： Victor Vali , David B. Chang , Patrick C. Brownrigg
发明人： Victor Vali , David B. Chang , Patrick C. Brownrigg
IPC分类号： G01D5/353 , H01J5/16
CPC分类号： G01D5/35303
摘要： A system adapted for attachment to a device that undergoes changes in temperature and pressure, and for detecting changes in temperature and pressure in the device comprises a mechanism for attaching the system to the device and an optic device that includes pressure-responsive, temperature-responsive optical fibers that produce signals representative of temperature changes over a first optical frequency band, and of pressure changes over a second, distinctly different optical frequency band, or two or more optic devices, at least one including a pressure-responsive optical fiber, and at least one including a temperature-responsive optical fiber.
摘要翻译：适于附接到经受温度和压力变化并且用于检测装置中的温度和压力变化的装置的系统包括用于将系统附接到装置的机构和包括压力响应，温度敏感的光学装置产生表示在第一光频带上的温度变化的信号的光纤，以及在第二，明显不同的光频带上的压力变化，或两个或更多个光学器件，至少一个包括压力响应光纤，以及至少一个包括温度响应光纤。

10. 发明授权

US5220180A Fiber optic fuel and liquid gauge having an open rigid "J" shaped tube 失效
标题翻译：光纤燃料和液体表具有开放的刚性“J”形管
公开(公告)号：US5220180A
公开(公告)日：1993-06-15
申请号：US748982
申请日：1991-08-15
申请人： Victor Vali , David B. Chang , Patrick C. Brownrigg
发明人： Victor Vali , David B. Chang , Patrick C. Brownrigg
IPC分类号： G01F23/292
CPC分类号： G01F23/292 , Y10S250/904
摘要： A fiber optic fuel or liquid level gauge is disclosed which determines the liquid level by measuring the amount of light loss due to evanescent transfer to the fuel or liquid. An optical fiber is supported in the fuel or liquid tank, with a first end adjacent the highest possible liquid level to be measured with a reflector at the first end. The optical fiber extends downwardly through the tank, and its second end is connected to a light source for injecting light into the fiber. The intensity of the input light is compared to the intensity of light reflected from the first fiber end, and the liquid level is calculated from the light loss. The gauge has very high reliability since it has no moving mechanical parts.
摘要翻译：公开了一种光纤燃料或液位计，其通过测量由于ev逝转移到燃料或液体的光损失量来确定液位。光纤被支撑在燃料或液体罐中，其第一端与第一端具有反射器的待测量的最高液面相邻。光纤向下延伸通过槽，其第二端连接到用于将光注入光纤的光源。将输入光的强度与从第一光纤端反射的光的强度进行比较，并根据光损失计算液位。该仪表具有非常高的可靠性，因为它没有移动的机械部件。

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