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    • 3. 发明授权
    • Liquid-fluidized bed classifier (LFBC) for sorting waste plastics and
other solid waste materials for recycling
    • 液体流化床分类器(LFBC),用于分类废塑料和其他固体废物进行回收利用
    • US5988395A
    • 1999-11-23
    • US426877
    • 1995-04-24
    • Joseph M. CaloEric M. Suuberg
    • Joseph M. CaloEric M. Suuberg
    • B03B5/62B03B1/00B03B5/52
    • B29B17/02B03B5/623B29B2017/0203B29B2017/0244B29B2017/0265B29K2023/0633B29K2023/12B29K2027/06B29K2067/00Y02W30/524Y02W30/527Y02W30/622
    • Disclosed herein is a method and system for sorting recycled solid waste materials, such as plastics, by a liquid-fluidized bed classifier (LFBC) technique. The application of a LFBC to the separation of plastics, and in particular plastic particles, is shown to be advantageous for a number of reasons. Firstly, the primary fluidization medium, i.e., water, is present in large quantities during conventional chopping, washing, and flotation operations that are performed during plastics recycling operations. Secondly, the natural density distribution of the major types of recycled plastics favors segregation by density in water, i.e., the "lighter-than-water" polyolefins, polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) from the "heavier-than-water" polystyrene (PS) PVC and PET plastics. The latter types of plastics have been found to separate spatially in an upflow LFBC, while the "lighter-than-water" plastics can be collected at the top of the column, thereby combining flotation and classification in a single step. Further separation of the polyolefins can be accomplished in a second LFBC operating in a downflow mode. Thirdly, any overlap of density distributions between types of plastics is overcome via selective modification of plastic particle size/density. A fourth advantage of the LFBC spatial separation is that the separated plastic particles can be collected by hydraulic flow from the appropriate section of the column and supplied to simple gravity separators for particle recovery, and also for disengaging the fluidizing water for recycling, thereby enabling the continuous classification of plastic particles with both continuous feed and product removal.
    • 本文公开了一种通过液体流化床分类器(LFBC)技术分类回收的固体废物如塑料的方法和系统。 由于许多原因,将LFBC应用于分离塑料,特别是塑料颗粒被证明是有利的。 首先,在塑料回收操作期间执行的常规斩波,洗涤和浮选操作期间,主流化介质,即水,大量存在。 其次,主要类型的再生塑料的天然密度分布有利于水中密度的分离,即“比水重”,“比水轻”的聚烯烃,聚丙烯(PP)和聚乙烯(PE) 聚苯乙烯(PS)PVC和PET塑料。 已经发现后一种类型的塑料在上流式LFBC中在空间上分离,而“轻于水”的塑料可以在塔的顶部收集,从而在一个步骤中组合浮选和分级。 可以在以下流模式操作的第二LFBC中实现聚烯烃的进一步分离。 第三,通过塑料粒度/密度的选择性改变来克服塑料类型之间的密度分布的任何重叠。 LFBC空间分离的第四个优点是分离的塑料颗粒可以通过来自塔的适当部分的液压流收集,并提供给简单的重力分离器用于颗粒回收,并且还用于使流化水脱水以进行再循环,从而使 连续进料和产品去除均匀分类塑料颗粒。