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1. 发明授权

US4282436A Intense ion beam generation with an inverse reflex tetrode (IRT) 失效
标题翻译：具有逆反射四极杆（IRT）的强烈的离子束产生
公开(公告)号：US4282436A
公开(公告)日：1981-08-04
申请号：US156441
申请日：1980-06-04
申请人： Christos A. Kapetanakos , John A. Pasour , Redge A. Mahaffey , Jeffry Golden , Spencer J. Marsh
发明人： Christos A. Kapetanakos , John A. Pasour , Redge A. Mahaffey , Jeffry Golden , Spencer J. Marsh
IPC分类号： H01J27/04 , H01J23/08
CPC分类号： H01J27/04
摘要： An inverse reflex tetrode (IRT) for producing an intense pulsed beam of i includes a real cathode having a curved or conical surface which is substantially transparent to the ions; first anode and second anode, or grid, which are spaced apart and are at the same potential, the first anode being between the real cathode and the second anode and having a curved or conical surface approximately parallel to the surface of the real cathode, and also being formed from a dielectric material such as polyethylene; a curved or conical hollow anode stalk which supports both anodes; and a virtual cathode which is formed by electrons that are emitted by the real cathode and pass through the first anode. The real cathode and first and second anodes are enclosed in a vacuum chamber and are immersed in an applied external magnetic field. The IRT receives an electrical pulse from a high-voltage pulse generator. The real cathode emits electrons which accelerate toward the first anode, pass through the first anode and form a virtual cathode between the first and second anodes. Most of the electrons oscillate between the virtual cathode and the real cathode and form a plasma sheath on the surfaces of the first anode. Some ions from the plasma propagate toward the second anode, and some ions propagate toward the real cathode. The ions arrive at the second anode with zero velocity, while the other ions pass through the real cathode and form a propagating ion beam.
摘要翻译：用于产生强脉冲离子束的逆反射四极管（IRT）包括具有对离子基本透明的弯曲或圆锥形表面的真实阴极; 第一阳极和第二阳极或栅格彼此间隔开并且具有相同的电位，第一阳极位于实际阴极和第二阳极之间，并且具有大致平行于真正阴极的表面的弯曲或圆锥形表面，以及也由介电材料如聚乙烯形成; 支撑两阳极的弯曲或圆锥形中空阳极茎; 以及由真阴极发射并通过第一阳极的电子形成的虚拟阴极。将真正的阴极和第一和第二阳极封装在真空室中并浸入施加的外部磁场中。 IRT从高电压脉冲发生器接收电脉冲。真正的阴极发射朝向第一阳极加速的电子，穿过第一阳极并在第一和第二阳极之间形成虚拟阴极。大多数电子在虚拟阴极和真实阴极之间振荡并在第一阳极的表面上形成等离子体鞘。来自等离子体的一些离子向第二阳极传播，一些离子向真正的阴极传播。离子以零速度到达第二阳极，而其它离子通过真实阴极并形成传播离子束。

2. 发明授权

US4194139A Reflex tetrode for producing an efficient unidirectional ion beam 失效
标题翻译：用于产生高效单向离子束的反射四极杆
公开(公告)号：US4194139A
公开(公告)日：1980-03-18
申请号：US936146
申请日：1978-08-23
申请人： John A. Pasour , Christos A. Kapetanakos , Redge A. Mahaffey , Jeffry Golden
发明人： John A. Pasour , Christos A. Kapetanakos , Redge A. Mahaffey , Jeffry Golden
IPC分类号： H01J27/04 , H01J23/08 , H01J27/00 , H05H1/00
CPC分类号： H01J27/04
摘要： A reflex tetrode device for efficiently generating intense, pulsed unidirional ion beams. The device includes two thin, semitransparent anodes spaced from a real cathode which is maintained at ground potential. The first anode is spaced from and faces the real cathode. The second anode is spaced a short distance from the first anode and a virtual cathode is formed beyond the second anode when a sufficiently high electron current flows from the real cathode and through the anodes. The anodes are ring-like or disc-like structures secured to the edges of a support member with their planes perpendicular to the axis of the device between the real and virtual cathodes. The anode structure (i.e., the support member together with the two anodes) is connected to a pulsed high-voltage generator which is operated in positive polarity. Consequently, both anodes are at the same positive potential. The first anode, because of its material, does not readily form an ionic plasma when electrons pass through it, but the second anode does.
摘要翻译：用于有效产生强脉冲单向离子束的反射四极管装置。该器件包括两个与保持在地电位的真正阴极间隔的薄的半透明阳极。第一阳极与真阴极间隔开并面对真阴极。第二阳极与第一阳极隔开一短距离，并且当足够高的电子电流从真实阴极流过阳极并通过阳极时，形成超过第二阳极的虚拟阴极。阳极是固定到支撑构件的边缘的环状或圆盘状结构，其平面垂直于在真实阴极和虚拟阴极之间的装置的轴线。阳极结构（即，支撑构件与两个阳极一起）连接到正极性操作的脉冲高压发生器。因此，阳极都处于相同的正电位。第一阳极由于其材料，当电子通过它时不容易形成离子等离子体，而是第二阳极。

3. 发明授权

US4150340A High-power microwaves from a non-isochronous reflecting electron system (NIRES) 失效
标题翻译：来自非等时反射电子系统（NIRES）的大功率微波
公开(公告)号：US4150340A
公开(公告)日：1979-04-17
申请号：US889797
申请日：1978-03-22
申请人： Christos A. Kapetanakos , Phillip A. Sprangle , Redge A. Mahaffey , Jeffry Golden
发明人： Christos A. Kapetanakos , Phillip A. Sprangle , Redge A. Mahaffey , Jeffry Golden
IPC分类号： H01J25/74 , H03B9/01
CPC分类号： H01J25/74
摘要： A reflecting electron tube for producing high-power, high-frequency, monoomatic microwave pulses includes an anode which produces little or no ion flux when struck by electrons emitted from a cathode, and requires no applied, external magnetic field. An anode support holding the anode and a cathode shank which supports the cathode are positioned within a vacuum chamber such that the anode is closely spaced from the cathode. The anode support is connected to a pulsed high-voltage supply located external to the chamber. The anode is formed from a material which does not produce a significant amount of ion flux but does permit electrons emitted from the cathode to oscillate through the anode. Electrons oscillating in phase bunch together within the potential well of the system and emit microwave radiation.
摘要翻译：用于产生高功率，高频单色微波脉冲的反射电子管包括当从阴极发射的电子撞击时产生很少或没有离子通量的阳极，并且不需要施加外部磁场。保持阳极的阳极支撑件和支撑阴极的阴极柄被定位在真空室内，使得阳极与阴极紧密地间隔开。阳极支撑件连接到位于室外部的脉冲高压电源。阳极由不产生大量离子通量的材料形成，但是允许从阴极发射的电子通过阳极振荡。电子振荡在相位串联在系统的潜在的井内并发射微波辐射。

4. 发明授权

US4228407A Ion-beam-excited gas laser 失效
标题翻译：离子束激发气体激光器
公开(公告)号：US4228407A
公开(公告)日：1980-10-14
申请号：US936158
申请日：1978-08-23
申请人： A. Wahab Ali , Jeffry Golden , J. Gary Eden , Redge A. Mahaffey , John A. Pasour
发明人： A. Wahab Ali , Jeffry Golden , J. Gary Eden , Redge A. Mahaffey , John A. Pasour
IPC分类号： H01S3/097 , H01S3/09
CPC分类号： H01S3/09707
摘要： A high-power gas laser pumped by an intense, pulsed, space charge-and current-neutralized ion beam. A high-pressure gas in the laser cavity is ionized by an ion beam. Atomic processes occur which result in a population inversion for the excited states of the gas. Coherent radiation is then emitted by the excited gas atoms in the inverted state. The light is amplified as it traverses the gas. Multiple traversal can be obtained by using an optical cavity comprising mirrors which reflect the light into the excited gas so that the light can be further amplified with each pass through the cavity. Extraction of light energy is done by using a partially transmitting mirror as part of the optical cavity.
摘要翻译：大功率气体激光器由强烈脉冲的空间电荷和电流中和离子束泵浦。激光腔中的高压气体被离子束电离。发生原子过程，导致气体的激发态的群体反演。相反的辐射然后在反转状态下被激发的气体原子发射。光在其穿过气体时被放大。通过使用包括将光反射到激发气体中的反射镜的光学腔可以获得多次穿越，以便每次穿过腔体时可以进一步放大光。通过使用部分透射镜作为光学腔的一部分来提取光能。

5. 发明授权

US4213073A Rod pinch diode 失效
标题翻译：棒夹式二极管
公开(公告)号：US4213073A
公开(公告)日：1980-07-15
申请号：US944238
申请日：1978-09-20
申请人： Redge A. Mahaffey , Shyke A. Goldstein , Jeffry Golden , Gerald Cooperstein
发明人： Redge A. Mahaffey , Shyke A. Goldstein , Jeffry Golden , Gerald Cooperstein
IPC分类号： H01J1/13 , H05H1/22 , H01J1/14 , H01J1/20
CPC分类号： H05H1/22 , H01J1/13
摘要： An improved diode for forming an intense electron beam and propagating theeam. The diode includes a cathode having a bore, and a rod-shaped anode having a medial tapered section which extends, approximately coaxially, through the bore of the cathode. The anode tapers at or near the cathode and is formed from electrically conductive material. The cathode is made from a material which rapidly emits electrons during the early stage of an applied voltage pulse. The electrons strike the anode and form a plasma thereon. Sufficient anode current and the formation of sufficient anode plasma affect the magnetic and electric fields to pinch the electrons closer to each other and to force the electron beam to propagate along the anode and away from the cathode and voltage supply. The tapered section of the anode increases the velocity of the pinch and the density of the electron beam.
摘要翻译：用于形成强电子束并传播光束的改进的二极管。二极管包括具有孔的阴极和具有中间锥形部分的杆状阳极，其大致同轴地延伸穿过阴极的孔。阳极在阴极处或附近逐渐变细，并且由导电材料形成。阴极由在施加电压脉冲的早期阶段快速发射电子的材料制成。电子撞击阳极并在其上形成等离子体。足够的阳极电流和足够的阳极等离子体的形成会影响磁场和电场，以将电子夹紧在彼此附近，并迫使电子束沿着阳极传播并远离阴极和电压供应。阳极的锥形部分增加了夹子的速度和电子束的密度。

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