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1. 发明授权

US4725727A Waveguide for an optical near-field microscope 失效
标题翻译：用于光学近场显微镜的波导
公开(公告)号：US4725727A
公开(公告)日：1988-02-16
申请号：US811229
申请日：1985-12-20
申请人： Christoph S. Harder , Wolfgang D. Pohl , Erich P. Stoll
发明人： Christoph S. Harder , Wolfgang D. Pohl , Erich P. Stoll
IPC分类号： G02B6/00 , G01Q60/22 , G02B6/04 , G02B6/42 , G02B21/00 , G02B21/02 , G02B21/06 , H01J5/16
CPC分类号： G01Q60/22 , B82Y20/00 , B82Y35/00 , G02B21/02 , G02B6/04 , G02B6/4246
摘要： The waveguide comprises a transparent body having a very sharp point at one end and being coated with a first opaque layer, such as metal. The first opaque layer carries a layer of an optically transparent material which is covered, in turn, by a second opaque layer. The apex of the point has been removed so as to expose the transparent body through a first aperture and to expose the transparent layer through a second aperture, the first aperture occupying an area of less than 0.01 .mu.m.sup.2.Light enters the transparent body at its remote end and exits through the first aperture to illuminate an object. Reflected light from the object enters the transparent layer through the second aperture and is guided to a light detector for further processing.
摘要翻译：波导包括透明体，其在一端具有非常尖的点，并且涂覆有诸如金属的第一不透明层。第一不透明层携带一层光学透明的材料，其又被第二不透明层覆盖。已经去除点的顶点，以便通过第一孔露出透明体，并通过第二孔暴露透明层，第一孔占据小于0.01μm的面积。光进入其远端的透明体并通过第一孔离开以照射物体。来自物体的反射光通过第二孔进入透明层，并被引导到光检测器进行进一步处理。

2. 发明授权

US5539197A Scanning near-field optical microscope having a medium denser than air in the gap between the probe chip and the sample being measured 失效
标题翻译：在探针芯片和样品之间的间隙中测量具有比空气密度高的介质的扫描近场光学显微镜
公开(公告)号：US5539197A
公开(公告)日：1996-07-23
申请号：US128458
申请日：1993-09-29
申请人： Daniel Courjon , Wolfgang D. Pohl
发明人： Daniel Courjon , Wolfgang D. Pohl
IPC分类号： G01B11/30 , G01N37/00 , G01Q30/12 , G01Q60/18 , G01Q60/20 , G01Q60/22 , G02B21/00 , G11B7/12 , H01J3/14
CPC分类号： G01Q60/22 , B82Y20/00 , B82Y35/00 , G11B7/12 , Y10S977/862
摘要： This scanning near-field optical microscope is of the type where a light beam (19) with a diameter of at maximum .lambda./20 is emitted, or received, by a sharply pointed probe tip (13) which is scanned across the surface of a sample (11) to be investigated. The light reflected by, and/or transmitted through, the sample (11) is detected by a detector (16) and/or further processed by a computer (24). The distance between the light-emitting probe tip (13) and the sample (11) under investigation is on the order of .lambda./20 as well, so that the surface of the sample (11) is within the near-field of said probe tip (13). This optical microscope is characterized in that the gap between the probe tip (13) and the sample (11) is filled with a liquid (40) of high opacity, including any liquids with a large negative dielectric constant .epsilon., so as to attenuate the intensity of the lightwaves emitted or received by the probe tip (13) to such an extent that the penetration depth z.sub.0 of the lightwaves inside the liquid, defined as the distance over which their intensity decreases to 1/e, is below 100 nm.
摘要翻译：这种扫描近场光学显微镜是其中直径为最大λ/ 20的光束（19）由尖锐的探针尖端（13）发射或接收的扫描方式，其被扫描横跨样品（11）进行调查。由样品（11）反射和/或透射的光被检测器（16）检测和/或由计算机（24）进一步处理。发光探针尖端（13）和被研究的样品（11）之间的距离也是λ/ 20的数量级，使得样品（11）的表面在所述探针的近场内尖端（13）。该光学显微镜的特征在于，探针尖端（13）和样品（11）之间的间隙填充有高不透明度的液体（40），包括具有大的负介电常数ε的任何液体，以便衰减由探针尖端（13）发射或接收的光波的强度使得液面内的光波的穿透深度z0定义为它们的强度降低到1 / e的距离在100nm以下的程度。

3. 发明授权

US5210714A Distance-controlled tunneling transducer and direct access storage unit employing the transducer 失效
标题翻译：距离控制隧道换能器和采用换能器的直接存取单元
公开(公告)号：US5210714A
公开(公告)日：1993-05-11
申请号：US674264
申请日：1991-03-25
申请人： Wolfgang D. Pohl , Conrad W. Schneiker
发明人： Wolfgang D. Pohl , Conrad W. Schneiker
IPC分类号： G01Q60/14 , G01Q70/06 , G11B5/00 , G11B5/012 , G11B9/00 , G11B9/08 , G11B21/21 , G11C11/00 , H01L27/20
CPC分类号： G01Q60/16 , B82Y35/00 , G01Q70/06 , G11B21/21 , G11B9/14 , G11B9/1418 , G11B9/1445 , G11B9/1454 , H01L27/20 , B82Y10/00 , G01Q80/00 , G11B5/00 , G11B5/012 , G11B9/08 , Y10S977/947
摘要： A distance-controlled tunneling transducer comprises a plurality of tunnel tips arranged in an array at a tunneling distance from an electrically conductive surface of a storage medium. Each tip is attached to a respective cantilever beam permitting the distance between each tip and the surface to be individually pre-adjusted electrostatically. Arranged in juxtaposition with each cantilever beam is an active control circuit for adjusting the tip-to-surface distance during operation of the storage unit, thus preventing crashes of the associated tip into possible asperities on the surface of the recording medium. Each control circuit is designed such that its operating voltage concurrently serves to pre-adjust its associated cantilever beam and to maintain the tip-to-surface distance essentially constant.
摘要翻译：距离控制的隧道换能器包括以与存储介质的导电表面相距隧道距离排列成阵列的多个隧道末端。每个尖端附接到相应的悬臂梁，允许每个尖端和表面之间的距离被静电地单独预调节。与每个悬臂梁并列布置的是用于在存储单元操作期间调节尖端到表面距离的主动控制电路，从而防止相关尖端的崩溃成为记录介质表面上可能的凹凸。每个控制电路被设计成使得其工作电压同时用于预调整其相关联的悬臂梁并且保持尖端到表面距离基本上恒定。

4. 发明授权

US4851671A Oscillating quartz atomic force microscope 失效
标题翻译：振荡石英原子力显微镜
公开(公告)号：US4851671A
公开(公告)日：1989-07-25
申请号：US164941
申请日：1988-03-07
申请人： Wolfgang D. Pohl
发明人： Wolfgang D. Pohl
IPC分类号： G01B7/34 , G01B21/30 , G01L1/08 , G01L1/16 , G01N23/00 , G01N37/00 , G01Q10/06 , G01Q20/04 , G01Q60/32 , G01Q60/38 , H01J37/26
CPC分类号： G01Q10/065 , B82Y35/00 , G01Q10/045 , G01Q60/32 , Y10S977/851 , Y10S977/863
摘要： This atomic force microscope includes a pointed tip (1) mounted on top of an oscillating crystal (2) which is translatable in xyz-directions by a conventional xyz-drive (4). A potential applied to a pair of electrodes (5, 6) coated on opposite faces of the crystal (2) causes the latter to oscillate with its resonance frequency. As the tip (1) is approached to a surface to be investigated, the frequency of oscillation of the crystal deviates from its original frequency. This deviation can be used in a feedback loop to control the distance in z-direction of the tip (1) from the surface being investigated and to plot an image of the contour of each scan performed by the tip (1) across the surface.
摘要翻译：该原子力显微镜包括安装在振荡晶体（2）的顶部的尖端（1），其可以通过常规xyz驱动器（4）在xyz方向上平移。施加到涂覆在晶体（2）的相对面上的一对电极（5,6）的电位使得后者以其谐振频率振荡。当尖端（1）接近待测表面时，晶体的振荡频率偏离其原始频率。该偏差可以用在反馈回路中以控制尖端（1）在被研磨表面的z方向上的距离，并绘制由尖端（1）穿过表面执行的每次扫描轮廓的图像。

5. 发明授权

US4604520A Optical near-field scanning microscope 失效
标题翻译：光学近场扫描显微镜
公开(公告)号：US4604520A
公开(公告)日：1986-08-05
申请号：US563722
申请日：1983-12-20
申请人： Wolfgang D. Pohl
发明人： Wolfgang D. Pohl
IPC分类号： G02B21/00 , G01N37/00 , G01Q20/00 , G01Q60/22 , G02B6/04 , G02B6/26 , G02B21/06 , G02B21/36 , H01J3/14
CPC分类号： G01Q20/00 , B82Y20/00 , B82Y35/00 , G01Q60/22 , G02B26/103 , G02B6/262 , Y10S977/862
摘要： This optical near-field scanning microscope comprises an "objective" (aperture) attached to the conventional vertical adjustment appliance and consisting of an optically transparent crystal having a metal coating with an aperture at its tip with a diameter of less than one wavelength of the light used for illuminating the object. Connected to the aperture-far end of the "objective" is a photodetector via an optical filter and an optical fiber glass cable. Scanning the object is done by appropriately moving the support along x/y-coordinates. The resolution obtainable with this microscope is about 10 times that of state-of-the-art microscopes.
摘要翻译：该光学近场扫描显微镜包括附接到常规垂直调节装置的“目标”（孔径），并且由具有金属涂层的光学透明晶体组成，该金属涂层在其尖端处具有小于一个波长的光的直径用于照亮物体。连接到“目标”的孔径 - 远端的是经由滤光器和光纤玻璃电缆的光电检测器。通过沿x / y坐标适当地移动支撑来扫描物体。用该显微镜可获得的分辨率约为现有技术显微镜的10倍。

6. 发明授权

US5461600A High-density optical data storage unit and method for writing and reading information 失效
标题翻译：高密度光学数据存储单元和信息读写方法
公开(公告)号：US5461600A
公开(公告)日：1995-10-24
申请号：US311823
申请日：1994-09-22
申请人： Wolfgang D. Pohl
发明人： Wolfgang D. Pohl
IPC分类号： G11B7/00 , G11B7/004 , G11B7/0055 , G11B7/12 , G11B7/14 , G11B9/00 , G11B11/03 , G11B11/08 , G11B11/18 , G11B13/06 , G11B7/135
CPC分类号： B82Y10/00 , G11B11/03 , G11B11/18 , G11B13/06 , G11B7/00 , G11B7/124 , G11B7/14 , G11B9/1418
摘要： This high-density optical data storage unit comprises a storage medium supported on a mechanically stable substrate, and a read/write arrangement employing a plurality of laser light sources and an interrogation light source. The laser light sources are designed as laser diodes attached to a substrate and optically aligned with an equal plurality of microlenses integrated in a first transparent layer. The read/write arrangement further comprises at least one second transparent layer, and an optional semitransparent conductive coating, said layer or said coating carrying a plurality of particulate protrusions which are also aligned with said diodes and said microlenses, said storage medium and said read/write arrangement being maintained in a mutually parallel alignment with a gap in between having a width of less than 100 nm. The protrusions in combination with the laser light sources produce dints in the medium which are representative of the data to be stored. The data is read by using the interrogation light source to produce light which is scattered by the dints and is then detected by the diodes.
摘要翻译：该高密度光学数据存储单元包括支撑在机械稳定的基板上的存储介质，以及采用多个激光光源和询问光源的读/写装置。激光源被设计为附接到衬底并与集成在第一透明层中的相等的多个微透镜光学对准的激光二极管。读/写布置还包括至少一个第二透明层和可选的半透明导电涂层，所述层或所述涂层承载多个微粒突起，其也与所述二极管和所述微透镜对准，所述存储介质和所述读/ 写入布置被保持在彼此平行的对准中，其间具有小于100nm的宽度的间隙。与激光光源组合的突起在介质中产生代表要存储的数据的色调。通过使用询问光源来读取数据，产生被色调散射的光，然后由二极管检测。

7. 发明授权

US5043577A Distance-controlled tunneling transducer 失效
标题翻译：距离控制隧道换能器
公开(公告)号：US5043577A
公开(公告)日：1991-08-27
申请号：US421207
申请日：1989-10-13
申请人： Wolfgang D. Pohl , Conrad W. Schneiker
发明人： Wolfgang D. Pohl , Conrad W. Schneiker
IPC分类号： G01Q10/00 , G01Q70/06 , G02B21/00 , G11B5/00 , G11B5/012 , G11B9/00 , G11B9/08 , G11B9/14 , G11B21/21 , H01L27/20
CPC分类号： G11B9/1445 , G11B21/21 , G11B9/14 , G11B9/1418 , H01L27/20 , B82Y10/00 , G01Q60/16 , G01Q70/06 , G01Q80/00 , G11B5/00 , G11B5/012 , G11B9/08 , Y10S977/861 , Y10S977/872
摘要： A distance-controlled tunneling transducer comprises a plurality of tunnel tips arranged in an array at a tunneling distance from an electrically conductive surface of a storage medium. Each tip is attached to a respective cantilever beam permitting the distance between each tip and the surface to be individually pre-adjusted electrostatically. Arranged in juxtaposition with each cantilever beam is an active control circuit for adjusting the tip-to-surface distance during operation of the storage unit, thus preventing crashes of the associated tip into possible asperities on the surface of the recording medium. Each control circuit is designed such that its operating voltage concurrently serves to pre-adjust its associated cantilever beam and to maintain the tip-to-surface distance essentially constant.

8. 发明授权

US4668865A Scanning tunneling microscope 失效
标题翻译：扫描隧道显微镜
公开(公告)号：US4668865A
公开(公告)日：1987-05-26
申请号：US836274
申请日：1986-03-05
申请人： James K. Gimzewski , Wolfgang D. Pohl
发明人： James K. Gimzewski , Wolfgang D. Pohl
IPC分类号： H01J37/28 , B81B3/00 , G01B7/34 , G01N23/00 , G01N27/00 , G01Q10/04 , G01Q30/04 , G01Q30/18 , G01Q30/20 , G01Q60/10 , G01Q60/16 , G01Q70/02 , G01Q70/06 , G01Q70/18 , H01J37/20 , H04R19/00 , G12B1/00
CPC分类号： H01J37/20 , B82Y35/00 , G01Q10/04 , G01Q60/16 , G01Q70/02 , Y10S977/861 , Y10S977/872
摘要： An improved scanning tunneling microscope comprising a semiconductor chip into which slots are etched to form a central portion linked by a first pair of stripes to an intermediate portion, which in turn is linked by a second pair of stripes to the main body of the chip. The pairs of stripes have mutually orthogonal directions to allow the center portion to perform movements in the x- and y-directions under the control of electrostatic forces created between the stripes and their opposite walls. The center portion has formed into it at least one tongue carrying an integrated, protruding tunnel tip which is capable of being moved in the z-direction by means of electrostatic forces between said tongue and the bottom of a cavity below the tongue.
摘要翻译：一种改进的扫描隧道显微镜，包括半导体芯片，槽被蚀刻到其中以形成通过第一对条带连接到中间部分的中心部分，中间部分又由第二对条纹连接到芯片的主体。这对条纹具有相互正交的方向，以允许中心部分在条纹和其相对的壁之间产生的静电力的控制下在x和y方向上执行移动。中心部分已经形成有至少一个舌片，其携带一体的突出的通道尖端，其能够通过所述舌部和舌下方的空腔的底部之间的静电力在z方向上移动。

9. 发明授权

US4643627A Vacuum transfer device 失效
标题翻译：真空传送装置
公开(公告)号：US4643627A
公开(公告)日：1987-02-17
申请号：US782849
申请日：1985-10-02
申请人： Johannes G. Bednorz , Pierre L. Gueret , Hermann E. Nievergelt , Hanspeter Ott , Wolfgang D. Pohl , Daniel F. Widmer
发明人： Johannes G. Bednorz , Pierre L. Gueret , Hermann E. Nievergelt , Hanspeter Ott , Wolfgang D. Pohl , Daniel F. Widmer
IPC分类号： G01R31/26 , B25J9/02 , C23C14/56 , C23F4/00 , G12B5/00 , H01L21/02 , H01L21/677 , H01L21/68
CPC分类号： H01L21/67196 , H01L21/67742 , Y10S414/139 , Y10T74/18992
摘要： A vacuum transfer device includes a central processing chamber and a plurality of additional chambers radially positioned around the central chamber and in vacuum-tight connection therewith. A rotatable coulisse arrangement in the central chamber is extendable so as to reach into the additional chambers when correctly aligned. The device can transfer objects among several work stations without intermediate venting and re-evacuation of the system of chambers.
摘要翻译：真空传送装置包括中央处理室和围绕中心室径向定位并与其真空密封连接的多个附加室。中心室中的可旋转的肠胃排列可以延伸，以便在正确对准时进入附加室。该设备可以在多个工作站之间传送物体，而不会对室系统进行中等排放和再排放。

10. 再颁专利

USRE36603E Distance-controlled tunneling transducer and direct access storage unit employing the transducer 失效
标题翻译：距离控制隧道换能器和采用换能器的直接存取单元
公开(公告)号：USRE36603E
公开(公告)日：2000-03-07
申请号：US700090
申请日：1996-08-20
申请人： Wolfgang D. Pohl , Conrad W. Schneiker
发明人： Wolfgang D. Pohl , Conrad W. Schneiker
IPC分类号： G11B5/00 , G11B5/012 , G11B9/00 , G11B9/08 , G11C11/00 , G01N23/00
CPC分类号： G11B9/14 , G11B9/1445 , G11B9/1454 , B82Y10/00 , G11B5/00 , G11B5/012 , G11B9/08
摘要： A distance-controlled tunneling transducer comprises a plurality of tunnel tips arranged in an array at a tunneling distance from an electrically conductive surface of a storage medium. Each tip is attached to a respective cantilever beam permitting the distance between each tip and the surface to be individually pre-adjusted electrostatically. Arranged in juxtaposition with each cantilever beam is an active control circuit for adjusting the tip-to-surface distance during operation of the storage unit, thus preventing crashes of the associated tip into possible asperities on the surface of the recording medium. Each control circuit is designed such that its operating voltage concurrently serves to pre-adjust its associated cantilever beam and to maintain the tip-to-surface distance essentially constant.
摘要翻译：距离控制的隧道换能器包括以与存储介质的导电表面相距隧道距离排列成阵列的多个隧道末端。每个尖端附接到相应的悬臂梁，允许每个尖端和表面之间的距离被静电地单独预调节。与每个悬臂梁并列布置的是用于在存储单元操作期间调节尖端到表面距离的主动控制电路，从而防止相关尖端的崩溃成为记录介质表面上可能的凹凸。每个控制电路被设计成使得其工作电压同时用于预调整其相关联的悬臂梁并且保持尖端到表面距离基本上恒定。

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