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1. 发明授权

US5820560A Inspiratory proportional pressure assist ventilation controlled by a diaphragm electromyographic signal 失效
标题翻译：吸气比例压力辅助通气由隔膜肌电信号控制
公开(公告)号：US5820560A
公开(公告)日：1998-10-13
申请号：US848295
申请日：1997-04-29
申请人： Christer Sinderby , Alejandro Grassino , Sven Friberg , Lars Lindstrom
发明人： Christer Sinderby , Alejandro Grassino , Sven Friberg , Lars Lindstrom
IPC分类号： A61B5/0488 , A61M16/00 , A61M16/20 , A61B5/04
CPC分类号： A61B5/04884 , A61M16/00 , A61M16/202 , A61M2016/0021 , A61M2210/1014 , A61M2230/08 , A61M2230/60
摘要： To control a lung ventilator comprising an inspiratory implement to be worn by the patient, an air supply system for supplying air to the inspiratory implement, and a control unit for controlling the air supply system, electromyographic signals produced by the patient's diaphragm are detected by an array of electrodes passing through the center of the patient's diaphragm depolarizing region. The position of the center of the patient's diaphragm depolarizing region is determined through detection of a reversal of polarity of the electromyographic component of the electrode-detected electromyographic signals. First and second electromyographic signals detected by the electrodes of the array on opposite sides of the patient's diaphragm depolarizing region are subtracted from each other, this subtraction cancelling the noise components of the first and second electromyographic signals but adding the respective electromyographic components of these first and second signals together to produce an electromyographic signal having an improved signal-to-noise ratio, having a reduced electrode-position-induced filter effect, and being representative of a demand to inspire from the patient's brain. The electromyographic signal of improved signal-to-noise ratio is finally supplied as input signal to the control unit of the lung ventilator for controlling the air supply system and therefore the inspiration assist in relation to the electromyographic signal of improved signal-to-noise ratio and of reduced electrode-position-induced filter effect, and therefore in relation to the demand to inspire from the patient's brain.
摘要翻译：为了控制包括由患者佩戴的吸气器具的肺呼吸机，用于向吸气器具供应空气的空气供应系统和用于控制空气供应系统的控制单元，由患者隔膜产生的肌电信号由穿过患者隔膜去极化区域的中心的电极阵列。通过检测电极检测肌电信号的肌电分量的极性的反转来确定患者隔膜去极化区域的中心位置。在患者的隔膜去极化区域的相对侧上由阵列的电极检测到的第一和第二肌电信号相减，该减法消除第一和第二肌电信号的噪声分量，但是将这些第一和第二肌电信号的各个肌电分量加到第二信号在一起以产生具有改善的信噪比的肌电信号，具有降低的电极位置诱导的滤波效应，并且代表从患者的大脑启发的需求。改进的信噪比的肌电信号最终作为输入信号提供给肺呼吸机的控制单元，用于控制供气系统，因此与提高信噪比的肌电信号相关的吸气辅助并且减少电极位置诱导的过滤效应，因此与从患者脑部激发的需求相关。

2. 发明授权

US5671752A Diaphragm electromyography analysis method and system 失效
标题翻译：隔膜肌电图分析方法及系统
公开(公告)号：US5671752A
公开(公告)日：1997-09-30
申请号：US414494
申请日：1995-03-31
申请人： Christer Sinderby , Alejandro Grassino , Sven Friberg , Lars Lindstrom
发明人： Christer Sinderby , Alejandro Grassino , Sven Friberg , Lars Lindstrom
IPC分类号： A61B5/0488 , A61M16/00 , A61M16/20 , A61B5/04
CPC分类号： A61B5/04884 , A61B5/7214 , A61B5/0492 , A61M2210/1014 , A61M2230/08 , A61M2230/60
摘要： In the method and system for electromyographic analysis of a striated muscle, electromyographic signals produced by the muscle are detected by means of an array of electrodes passing through the center of the muscle depolarizing region. Each electromyographic signal comprises an electromyographic component and a noise component. The position of the center of the muscle depolarizing region is then determined by detecting a reversal of polarity of the electromyographic components of the signals. Finally, two signals of opposite polarities amongst the electromyographic signals are subtracted. The subtraction subtracts the noise components of the two signals from each other but adds the electromyographic components of the two signals together to produce an electromyographic signal of improved signal-to-noise ratio. Advantageously, the array of electrodes is a linear array of successive electrodes, the center of the muscle depolarizing region is located between the electrodes of a given pair of successive electrodes, and the two signals of opposite polarities detected through the two pairs of successive electrodes adjacent to the given pair on opposite sides thereof are subtracted.
摘要翻译：在横纹肌肌电图分析的方法和系统中，通过穿过肌肉去极化区域的中心的电极阵列来检测由肌肉产生的肌电信号。每个肌电信号包括肌电图分量和噪声分量。然后通过检测信号的肌电图分量的极性反转来确定肌肉去极化区域的中心的位置。最后，减去肌电信号中相反极性的两个信号。减法相互减去两个信号的噪声分量，但将两个信号的肌电分量相加在一起以产生具有改善的信噪比的肌电信号。有利地，电极阵列是连续电极的线性阵列，肌肉去极化区域的中心位于给定的一对连续电极的电极之间，并且通过两对连续电极相邻的两个相邻极性的两个信号相邻减去相对侧的给定对。

3. 发明授权

US08256419B2 Method and device using myoelectrical activity for optimizing a patient's ventilatory assist 有权
标题翻译：使用肌电活动来优化患者通气辅助的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US08256419B2
公开(公告)日：2012-09-04
申请号：US10589385
申请日：2005-02-18
申请人： Christer Sinderby , Jennifer Beck , Jadranka Spahija , Lars Lindstrom
发明人： Christer Sinderby , Jennifer Beck , Jadranka Spahija , Lars Lindstrom
IPC分类号： A61M11/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/6853 , A61B5/037 , A61B5/0488 , A61B5/0492 , A61M16/026 , A61M2016/0036 , A61M2210/1014 , A61M2230/08 , A61M2230/60
摘要： The present invention relates to a method and device for determining a level of ventilatory assist to a ventilator-dependent patient, in which a critical threshold of a respiration-related feature is calculated. Fatigue of a respiratory muscle of the ventilator-dependent patient develops when the critical threshold is reached by the respiration-related feature. The level of ventilatory assist to the ventilator-dependent patient is controlled in relation to the critical threshold of the respiration-related feature so as to prevent fatigue of the patient's respiratory muscle.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种用于确定通气机构依赖患者的通气辅助水平的方法和装置，其中计算呼吸相关特征的临界阈值。当与呼吸机相关的特征达到临界阈值时，依赖呼吸机的患者的呼吸肌肉的疲劳发展。相对于呼吸相关特征的临界阈值控制对通气机相关患者的通气辅助水平，以防止患者呼吸肌的疲劳。

4. 发明授权

US07184812B2 Control of inter-electrode resistivity to improve quality of measured electrical biological signals 有权
标题翻译：控制电极间电阻率以提高测量的电生物信号的质量
公开(公告)号：US07184812B2
公开(公告)日：2007-02-27
申请号：US10726750
申请日：2003-12-02
申请人： Christer Sinderby , Lars Lindstrom
发明人： Christer Sinderby , Lars Lindstrom
IPC分类号： A61B5/04
CPC分类号： A61B5/0422 , A61B5/04884
摘要： Described is an electrode array for measuring electrical activity in a subject's biological tissue, comprising an electrode support, a group of electrodes mounted on the electrode support, and an inter-electrode conductive medium having a given resistivity for controlling resistivity between the electrodes of the group. Also, described is a method for controlling the inter-electrode resistivity in the electrode array comprises providing the inter-electrode conductive medium having the given resistivity between the electrodes of the group, and interconnecting the electrodes of the group through this inter-electrode conductive medium to control resistivity between the electrodes. In this manner, when contact between at least one electrode of the group and the subject's biological tissue is poor, an estimate of the electrical activity in the subject's biological tissue is produced on this electrode through the inter-electrode conductive medium, this estimate being a mean value of electrical potentials produced on neighbouring electrodes of the group by the electrical activity in the subject's biological tissue.
摘要翻译：描述了用于测量受试者的生物组织中的电活动的电极阵列，包括电极支撑体，安装在电极支撑体上的一组电极和具有给定电阻率的电极间导电介质，用于控制该组电极之间的电阻率。此外，描述了一种用于控制电极阵列中的电极间电阻率的方法，包括提供在该组的电极之间具有给定电阻率的电极间导电介质，并且通过该电极间导电介质互连该组的电极以控制电极之间的电阻率。以这种方式，当组中的至少一个电极与受试者的生物组织之间的接触不良时，通过电极间导电介质在该电极上产生对象生物组织中的电活动的估计，该估计为通过受试者的生物组织中的电活动在组的相邻电极上产生的电位的平均值。

5. 发明授权

US06901286B1 Method and system for producing a higher quality electromyographic signal from an electrode array 有权
标题翻译：用于从电极阵列产生更高质量肌电信号的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US06901286B1
公开(公告)日：2005-05-31
申请号：US10030366
申请日：2000-07-07
申请人： Christer Sinderby , Jennifer Beck , Lars Lindstrom
发明人： Christer Sinderby , Jennifer Beck , Lars Lindstrom
IPC分类号： A61B5/04 , A61B5/0408 , A61B5/0478 , A61B5/0488 , A61B5/0492
CPC分类号： A61B5/04884 , A61B5/04004 , A61B5/0488 , A61B5/0492
摘要： A method and system for producing higher quality electromyogram (EMG) signals utilizes an array of electrodes for sensing a plurality of EMG signals in an electrically active region of a subject's muscle. A weighting function is applied to the EMG signals to produce weighted signals. This weighting function contains correction features for the relative locations of the center of the electrically active region and the electrodes. The quality of the weighted EMG signals is evaluated, and the weighted signals or sum or mean of the weighted signals whose evaluated quality is insufficient are replaced. A sum or mean of a feature of the weighted signals is calculated to produce a higher quality electromyocardiographic signal. The method and system can also be used to determine signal strength or frequency contents of a signal falling outside the array of electrodes.
摘要翻译：用于产生更高质量肌电图（EMG）信号的方法和系统利用用于感测受试者肌肉的电活动区域中的多个EMG信号的电极阵列。将加权函数应用于EMG信号以产生加权信号。该加权函数包括用于电活性区域和电极的中心的相对位置的校正特征。对加权EMG信号的质量进行评估，并且替换评估质量不足的加权信号的加权信号或加和均值。计算加权信号的特征的和或平均值以产生更高质量的电动心动图信号。该方法和系统还可用于确定落在电极阵列之外的信号的信号强度或频率内容。

6. 发明申请

US20120006327A1 Method and Device for Determining a Level of Ventilatory Assist to a Patient 有权
标题翻译：用于确定患者通气辅助水平的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20120006327A1
公开(公告)日：2012-01-12
申请号：US13144129
申请日：2010-01-14
申请人： Christer Sinderby , Jennifer Beck
发明人： Christer Sinderby , Jennifer Beck
IPC分类号： A61M16/00
CPC分类号： A61M16/0051 , A61B5/0488 , A61B5/08 , A61M16/026 , A61M2016/0027
摘要： A method and device for determining a level of ventilatory assist to be delivered to a patient by a mechanical ventilator in response to a measure of a patient's neural respiratory drive multiplied by an amplification factor, wherein an existing predicted ventilatory assist pressure is calculated and an existing resulting pressure delivered to the patient by the mechanical ventilator is measured. The amplification factor is changed from an existing amplification factor to a new amplification factor, a new predicted ventilatory assist pressure is calculated using the new amplification factor, and a new resulting pressure delivered to the patient by the mechanical ventilator after the amplification factor has been changed is measured. The new and existing predicted ventilatory assist pressures are compared to determine an anticipated change in pressure that will be delivered to the patient, and the new and existing resulting pressures are compared to determine an actual change in pressure delivered to the patient by the mechanical ventilator. The anticipated and actual changes in pressure are compared and a decision to increase, maintain or decrease the amplification factor is delivered in response to the comparison between the anticipated change and the actual change in pressure.
摘要翻译：一种方法和装置，用于响应于患者的神经呼吸驱动器的乘积乘以放大系数来确定由机械呼吸机传送给患者的通气辅助水平，其中计算现有预测的通气辅助压力并存在现有的测量由机械呼吸机输送给病人的压力。放大因子从现有的放大因子改变为新的放大因子，使用新的放大因子计算新的预测的通气辅助压力，并且在放大因子被改变之后由机械呼吸机传递给患者的新的所得压力被测量。比较新的和现有的预测的通气辅助压力以确定将被递送给患者的预期压力变化，并且比较新的和现有的所得压力，以确定由机械呼吸机传递给患者的压力的实际变化。比较压力的预期和实际变化，并响应于预期变化与实际压力变化之间的比较来提供增加，维持或降低放大系数的决定。

7. 发明授权

US07661427B2 Proportional pressure assist ventilation controlled by a diaphragm electromyographic signal 有权
标题翻译：比例压力辅助通气由隔膜肌电信号控制
公开(公告)号：US07661427B2
公开(公告)日：2010-02-16
申请号：US10405291
申请日：2003-04-02
申请人： Christer Sinderby , Jennifer Beck
发明人： Christer Sinderby , Jennifer Beck
IPC分类号： A61B5/04 , F16K31/02
CPC分类号： A61B5/0492 , A61M16/0051 , A61M16/026 , A61M2210/1014 , A61M2230/08 , A61M2230/60 , Y10S128/925
摘要： A closed loop system uses (a) the intensity of the diaphragm electromyogram (EMG) for a given inspiratory volume; (b) the inspiratory volume for a given EMG intensity; or (c) a combination of (a) and (b); in view of controlling the level of gas flow, gas volume or gas pressure delivered by a mechanical (lung) ventilator. The closed loop ventilator system enables for automatic or manual adjustment of the level of inspiratory support in proportion to changes in the neuro-ventilatory efficiency such that the neural drive remains stable at a desired target level. An alarm can also be used to detect changes in neuroventilatory efficiency in view of performing manual adjustments.
摘要翻译：闭环系统使用（a）给定吸气体积的隔膜肌电图（EMG）的强度; （b）给定EMG强度的吸气量; 或（c）（a）和（b）的组合; 考虑到控制由机械（肺）通气机输送的气体流量，气体体积或气体压力的水平。闭环呼吸机系统能够与神经通气效率的变化成比例地自动或手动地调整吸气支持水平，使得神经驱动器保持稳定在期望的目标水平。鉴于执行手动调整，报警器也可用于检测神经病效率的变化。

8. 发明授权

US07021310B1 Proportional pressure assist ventilation controlled by a diaphragm electromyographic signal 有权
公开(公告)号：US07021310B1
公开(公告)日：2006-04-04
申请号：US09701824
申请日：1999-06-04
申请人： Christer Sinderby , Jennifer Beck
发明人： Christer Sinderby , Jennifer Beck
IPC分类号： A61M16/00 , A62B7/00 , F16K31/02
CPC分类号： A61B5/0492 , A61M16/0051 , A61M16/026 , A61M2210/1014 , A61M2230/08 , A61M2230/60 , Y10S128/925
摘要： A closed loop system uses (a) the intensity of the diaphragm electromyogram (EMG) for a given inspiratory volume; (b) the inspiratory volume for a given EMG intensity; or (c) a combination of (a) and (b); in view of controlling the level of gas flow, gas volume or gas pressure delivered by a mechanical (lung) ventilator. The closed loop ventilator system enables for automatic or manual adjustment of the level of inspiratory support in proportion to changes in the neuro-ventilatory efficiency such that the neural drive remains stable at a desired target level. An alarm can also be used to detect changes in neuroventilatory efficiency in view of performing manual adjustments.

9. 发明申请

US20060060190A1 Target drive ventilation gain controller and method 审中-公开
标题翻译：目标驱动通风增益控制器和方法
公开(公告)号：US20060060190A1
公开(公告)日：2006-03-23
申请号：US11268117
申请日：2005-11-07
申请人： Christer Sinderby
发明人： Christer Sinderby
IPC分类号： A61M11/00 , A61M16/00
CPC分类号： A61N1/05 , A61M16/026 , A61M2210/1014 , A61M2230/08 , A61M2230/60
摘要： A gain controller and method for controlling the value of a gain is used in conjunction with an electrode array for detecting a signal representative of respiratory drive output of a patient during inspiration, and a lung ventilator for assisting inspiration of the patient. The gain controller comprises an input for receiving the signal representative of respiratory drive output; a comparator for determining whether the signal representative of respiratory drive output is higher or lower than a target drive signal; and a gain adjustment unit for increasing the value of a gain when the amplitude of the signal representative of respiratory drive output is higher than the amplitude of the target drive signal and for decreasing the value of this gain when the amplitude of the signal representative of respiratory drive output is lower than the amplitude of the target drive signal. The gain is applied to the signal representative of respiratory drive output to produce an amplified respiratory drive output representative signal used for controlling the lung ventilator. The advantage of target drive ventilation is that this mode of ventilation does not depend on pressure, flow or volume measurements. A leaky ventilatory line will introduce a change in respiratory drive which will change the ventilatory assist in order to return the respiratory drive to its target level. Also, changes in the patient's metabolic or patho-physiological status which result in altered respiratory drive will be compensated.
摘要翻译：用于控制增益值的增益控制器和方法与用于在吸气期间检测代表患者的呼吸驱动输出的信号的电极阵列结合使用，以及用于辅助患者的吸气的肺呼吸机。增益控制器包括用于接收代表呼吸驱动输出的信号的输入端; 用于确定代表呼吸驱动输出的信号是否高于或低于目标驱动信号的比较器; 以及增益调整单元，用于当表示呼吸驱动输出的信号的幅度高于目标驱动信号的幅度时增加增益的值，并且当表示呼吸的信号的幅度时减小该增益的值驱动输出低于目标驱动信号的幅度。增益被应用于代表呼吸驱动输出的信号，以产生用于控制肺呼吸机的放大的呼吸驱动输出代表信号。目标驱动器通风的优点在于这种通风方式不依赖于压力，流量或体积测量。泄漏的通气线将引入呼吸驱动器的变化，这将改变通气辅助以使呼吸驱动器返回到其目标水平。此外，患者代谢或病理生理状态的变化导致呼吸道传播改变将得到补偿。

10. 发明授权

US09968750B2 Method and system for patient-synchronized ventilatory assist with endotracheal through-flow 有权
公开(公告)号：US09968750B2
公开(公告)日：2018-05-15
申请号：US13806816
申请日：2011-06-29
申请人： Christer Sinderby , Jennifer Beck
发明人： Christer Sinderby , Jennifer Beck
IPC分类号： A61M16/00 , A61M16/04 , A61M16/10 , A61M16/12 , A61M16/16 , A61M16/20 , A61B5/0488 , A61B5/087 , A61B5/00
CPC分类号： A61M16/0003 , A61B5/0488 , A61B5/087 , A61B5/4836 , A61M16/00 , A61M16/0012 , A61M16/0051 , A61M16/0069 , A61M16/024 , A61M16/04 , A61M16/042 , A61M16/0486 , A61M16/1005 , A61M16/12 , A61M16/125 , A61M16/16 , A61M16/161 , A61M16/202 , A61M16/205 , A61M2016/0018 , A61M2016/0021 , A61M2016/0027 , A61M2016/0033 , A61M2202/0208 , A61M2210/1014 , A61M2230/08 , A61M2230/60
摘要： A ventilatory assist system and method are disclosed. The system comprises a tube for connection to a patient's airway, inspiratory and expiratory tube lumens connected to the tube, an inspiratory air source connected to the inspiration tube lumen, and a controller of air pressure in the expiratory tube lumen. The pressure controller is responsive to a physiological breathing signal representative of patient's inspiratory effort to allow air flow through the expiratory tube lumen during a patient's expiration phase, partially restricting the air flow through the expiratory tube lumen to a so minimum air flow during a patient's inspiration phase. During both respiratory phases, a unidirectional air flow is produced through the inspiratory and expiratory tube lumens to prevent air expired by the patient from being breathed again. The physiological breathing signal allows synchronization of the ventilatory assist with breathing efforts of the patient.

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