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1. 发明授权

US5973443A Spark plug electrode tip for internal combustion engine 失效
标题翻译：用于内燃机的火花塞电极头
公开(公告)号：US5973443A
公开(公告)日：1999-10-26
申请号：US642975
申请日：1996-05-06
申请人： Chin-Fong Chang , Michael Sean Zedalis , Richard Dale Taylor , Edgar Arnold Leone
发明人： Chin-Fong Chang , Michael Sean Zedalis , Richard Dale Taylor , Edgar Arnold Leone
IPC分类号： H01T13/39
CPC分类号： H01T13/39
摘要： A spark plug electrode wire composed of an iridium-rhodium alloy exhibits improved erosion resistance and enhanced durability in leaded and unleaded fuel environments. The alloy is formed into a wire having high thermal conductivity, low electrical resistivity, good oxidation resistance, good corrosion resistance, good wear resistance. It exhibits desirable work function in pure metals and alloys such as iridium and iridium-rhodium. The wire is inserted into the center electrode of the spark plug and brazed to an Inconel base metal and copper core thereof using a silver-based brazing alloy. After electrical engine dynamometer testing for 200 hours, an improvement in erosion resistance as high as eight fold was observed with an 60% iridium-40% rhodium alloy, when compared to a conventional 90% platinum-10% nickel alloy. The iridium-rhodium spark plug electrode wire can be used to minimize erosion and wear resistance in leaded and unleaded fuel environments.
摘要翻译：由铱 - 铑合金组成的火花塞电极线在引线和无铅燃料环境中表现出改进的耐腐蚀性和增强的耐久性。该合金形成为具有高导热性，低电阻率，良好的抗氧化性，良好的耐腐蚀性，良好的耐磨性的导线。它在纯金属和合金如铱和铱铑中表现出理想的功函数。将导线插入火花塞的中心电极，并使用银基钎焊合金钎焊到铬镍铁合金基体金属及其铜芯上。在电动机测功机测试200小时后，与常规的90％铂-10％镍合金相比，用60％铱-40％铑合金观察到高达8倍的耐腐蚀性提高。铱 - 铑火花塞电极线可用于在有铅和无铅燃料环境中使侵蚀和耐磨性最小化。

2. 发明授权

US5980345A Spark plug electrode having iridium based sphere and method for manufacturing same 失效
标题翻译：具有铱基球体的火花塞电极及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：US5980345A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-09
申请号：US114448
申请日：1998-07-13
申请人： Chin-Fong Chang , Richard Dale Taylor , Lee Randall Franz , Edgar Arnold Leone
发明人： Chin-Fong Chang , Richard Dale Taylor , Lee Randall Franz , Edgar Arnold Leone
IPC分类号： C23C18/44 , C23C10/28 , H01T13/20 , H01T13/28 , H01T13/39 , H01T21/02
CPC分类号： H01T13/39 , H01T21/02
摘要： A spark plug and method of making same, wherein the spark plug includes an iridium alloy tip portion which may take the form of a rivet or a sphere. The tip portion is coated with platinum, annealed and then resistance welded to a nickel-based electrode of the spark plug. The platinum coating helps to prevent cracks at the welding joint which might otherwise occur due to the differing coefficients of thermal expansion of the iridium-based alloy tip portion and the nickel-based alloy electrode. The iridium alloy tip portion is further not susceptible to attack by lead or combustive gases and therefore increases the life of the spark plug significantly.
摘要翻译：一种火花塞及其制造方法，其中，所述火花塞包括铱合金尖端部分，其可以呈铆钉或球体的形式。尖端部分涂覆铂，退火然后电阻焊接到火花塞的镍基电极上。铂镀层有助于防止由于铱基合金尖端部分和镍基合金电极的不同的热膨胀系数而在焊接接头处产生裂纹。铱合金尖端部分不易受铅或可燃气体的侵害，因此大大增加火花塞的使用寿命。

3. 发明授权

US6045424A Spark plug tip having platinum based alloys 失效
标题翻译：具有铂基合金的火花塞头
公开(公告)号：US6045424A
公开(公告)日：2000-04-04
申请号：US114425
申请日：1998-07-13
申请人： Chin-Fong Chang , Richard Dale Taylor , Lee Randall Franz , Edgar Arnold Leone
发明人： Chin-Fong Chang , Richard Dale Taylor , Lee Randall Franz , Edgar Arnold Leone
IPC分类号： C22F1/02 , C22C5/04 , C22F1/00 , C22F1/14 , H01T13/20 , H01T13/39 , H01T21/02
CPC分类号： H01T21/02 , H01T13/39
摘要： A spark plug and method of making same, wherein the spark plug includes a platinum alloy tip portion which takes the form of a rivet or a sphere. The tip portion is annealed in an annealing furnace at a temperature between about 700.degree.-1400.degree. C. for a time between about 5-30 minutes. The annealed tip portion is then resistance welded to an electrode of the spark plug. The annealing provides the tip portion with added resistance to corrosion and attack by lead. Preferred embodiments of the spark plug tip material comprise 80% platinum--20% rhodium; 80% platinum--20% iridium; 96% platinum--4% tungsten; and Pt (bal)-Ir(a)%-W(b)%, where "a" ranges from about 15 to 19 percent by weight, "b" ranges from about 1 to 4 percent by weight, and the balance is comprised of platinum and incident impurities, and wherein the sum of iridium and tungsten present ranges from about 16 to 19.
摘要翻译：一种火花塞及其制造方法，其特征在于，火花塞包括采用铆钉或球体形式的铂合金尖端部分。尖端部分在退火炉中在约700-140℃的温度下退火约5-30分钟之间的时间。退火的尖端部分然后被电阻焊接到火花塞的电极。退火使尖端部分具有增加的耐腐蚀性和铅侵蚀性。火花塞尖端材料的优选实施例包括80％的铂-20％铑; 80％铂-20％铱; 96％铂-4％钨; 和Pt（bal）-Ir（a）％-W（b）％，其中“a”为约15至19重量％，“b”为约1至4重量％，余量包括的铂和入射杂质，其中存在的铱和钨的总和范围为约16至19。

4. 发明授权

US6071163A Wear-resistant spark plug electrode tip containing platinum alloys, spark plug containing the wear-resistant tip, and method of making same 有权
标题翻译：含有铂合金的耐磨火花塞电极头，含有耐磨头的火花塞及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：US6071163A
公开(公告)日：2000-06-06
申请号：US264268
申请日：1999-03-08
申请人： Chin-Fong Chang , Richard Dale Taylor , Lee Randall Franz , Edgar Arnold Leone , Alex Kozlov
发明人： Chin-Fong Chang , Richard Dale Taylor , Lee Randall Franz , Edgar Arnold Leone , Alex Kozlov
IPC分类号： C22F1/14 , C22C5/04 , C22F1/00 , H01T13/39 , H01T21/02 , H01T13/20
CPC分类号： H01T21/02 , H01T13/39
摘要： A wear-resistant electrode tip for a spark plug, and a spark plug which incorporates the wear-resistant tip. The wear-resistant tip includes an alloy of platinum, iridium, and tungsten. Surprisingly, by addition of a small amount of tungsten to platinum-iridium alloy, the wear-resistance of a resultant spark plug is greatly improved. The spark plug electrode tip according to the invention is either spherical or rivet-shaped. During manufacture, the spark plug electrode tip is annealed in an annealing furnace. The annealing furnace is preferably either charged with an inert gas such as argon or nitrogen, or is subjected to a vacuum. The electrode tip is, optionally, further externally coated with platinum or a compatible bonding metal alloy before attachment to the electrode. Subsequent to annealing and, where used, to external coating, the spark plug electrode tip is placed in a welding fixture. The tip is then aligned with a spark plug electrode and is resistance welded thereto. Similar procedures are preferably performed on both the center and side electrodes of the spark plug. The annealed spark plug electrode tips using the novel alloys according to the invention have a high resistance to attack by lead and other corrosive elements typically present in the combustion chambers of internal combustion engines. A preferred method of making a wear-resistant spark plug is also disclosed.
摘要翻译：用于火花塞的耐磨电极端头和包含耐磨端头的火花塞。耐磨头包括铂，铱和钨的合金。令人惊奇的是，通过向铂 - 铱合金中添加少量钨，可以大大提高所得到的火花塞的耐磨性。根据本发明的火花塞电极头是球形或铆钉形的。在制造过程中，火花塞电极头在退火炉中退火。退火炉优选用惰性气体例如氩气或氮气填充，或者进行真空。在连接到电极之前，可选地，电极末端进一步外部涂有铂或相容的粘结金属合金。在退火之后，如果使用外部涂层，将火花塞电极头放置在焊接夹具中。然后将尖端与火花塞电极对准并且与其电阻焊接。类似的方法优选在火花塞的中心和侧面电极上进行。使用根据本发明的新型合金的退火火花塞电极端头具有高的耐受铅和通常存在于内燃机的燃烧室中的其它腐蚀性元件的侵蚀。还公开了制造耐磨火花塞的优选方法。

5. 发明授权

US4675157A High strength rapidly solidified magnesium base metal alloys 失效
标题翻译：高强度快速凝固的镁基金属合金
公开(公告)号：US4675157A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-23
申请号：US618289
申请日：1984-06-07
申请人： Santosh K. Das , Derek Raybould , Richard L. Bye, Jr. , Chin-Fong Chang
发明人： Santosh K. Das , Derek Raybould , Richard L. Bye, Jr. , Chin-Fong Chang
IPC分类号： B22F1/00 , B22D11/06 , B22F9/00 , B22F9/02 , B22F9/04 , C22C1/02 , C22C23/00 , C22C23/02 , C22C45/00 , C22C23/04
CPC分类号： C22C45/005 , B22F9/008 , Y10T428/12431
摘要： A rapidly solidified magnesium based alloy contains finely dispersed magnesium intermetallic phases. The alloy has the form of a filament or a powder and is especially suited for consolidation into bulk shapes having superior mechanical properties and corrosion resistance.
摘要翻译：快速凝固的镁基合金含有细分散的镁金属间相。该合金具有长丝或粉末的形式，并且特别适用于具有优异的机械性能和耐腐蚀性的整体形状的固结。

6. 发明授权

US5286314A Rapidly solidified aluminum-germanium base brazing alloys 失效
标题翻译：快速凝固的铝锗基钎焊合金
公开(公告)号：US5286314A
公开(公告)日：1994-02-15
申请号：US917650
申请日：1992-07-23
申请人： Santosh K. Das , Chin-Fong Chang
发明人： Santosh K. Das , Chin-Fong Chang
IPC分类号： B23K35/28 , C21D1/00
CPC分类号： B23K35/28 , B23K35/286
摘要： A low melting (liquidus temperature
摘要翻译：低熔点（液相线温度<570℃）快速固化的钎焊合金基本上由约14至52重量％的锗组成，0至10重量％的至少一种选自硅，镁，铋，锶的元素，锂，铜，钙，锌和锡，余量为铝和杂质。该合金具有箔的形式，可用于将不可热处理的快速凝固的Al-Fe-Si-V合金箔，板和管道钎焊到除冰管，包层，散热器，换热器，蒸发器，用于高温应用的蜂窝板。

7. 发明授权

US5078807A Rapidly solidified magnesium base alloy sheet 失效
标题翻译：快速凝固的镁基合金板
公开(公告)号：US5078807A
公开(公告)日：1992-01-07
申请号：US586179
申请日：1990-09-21
申请人： Chin-Fong Chang , Santosh K. Das
发明人： Chin-Fong Chang , Santosh K. Das
IPC分类号： B22F3/18 , C22C1/04 , C22C23/02 , C22F1/06
CPC分类号： C22C1/0408 , C22F1/06
摘要： Magnesium base metal alloy sheet is produced by rolling the rolling stock extruded or forged from a billet at a temperature ranging from 200.degree. C. to 300.degree. C. The billet is consolidated from rapidly solidified magnesium based alloy powder that consists of the formula Mg.sub.bal Al.sub.a Zn.sub.b X.sub.c, wherein X is at least one element selected from the group consisting of manganese, cerium, neodymium, praseodymium, and yttrium, "a" ranges from about 0 to 15 atom percent, "b" ranges from about 0 to 4 atom percent, "c" ranges from about 0.2 to 3 atom percent, the balance being magnesium and incidental impurities, with the proviso that the sum of aluminum and zinc present ranges from about 2 to 15 atom percent. The alloy has a uniform microstructure comprised of fine grain size ranging from 0.2-1.0 .mu.m together with precipitates of magnesium and aluminum containing intermetallic phases of a size less than 0.1 .mu.m. The sheets have a good combination of mechanical strength and ductility and are suitable for military, space, aerospace and automotive application.
摘要翻译：镁贱金属合金板是通过在200℃〜300℃的温度范围内轧制从坯料中挤出或锻造的轧制坯料来制造的。坯料由快速固化的镁基合金粉末固结，该粉末由式MgbalAlaZnbXc，其中X是选自锰，铈，钕，镨和钇中的至少一种元素，“a”为约0至15原子百分比，“b”为约0至4原子百分数，“c “范围为约0.2至3原子％，余量为镁和附带杂质，条件是存在的铝和锌的总和范围为约2至15原子％。该合金具有由0.2-1.0μm的细晶粒尺寸以及尺寸小于0.1μm的含有金属间化合物的镁和铝的析出物组成的均匀微观结构。这些板材具有机械强度和延展性的良好组合，适用于军事，太空，航空航天和汽车应用。

8. 发明授权

US4853035A Rapidly solidified high strength, corrosion resistant magnesium base metal alloys 失效
标题翻译：快速凝固的高强度，耐腐蚀的镁基金属合金
公开(公告)号：US4853035A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-01
申请号：US40397
申请日：1987-04-16
申请人： Santosh K. Das , Chin-Fong Chang
发明人： Santosh K. Das , Chin-Fong Chang
IPC分类号： B22F9/00 , C22C1/04 , C22C45/00
CPC分类号： C22C45/005 , B22F9/008 , C22C1/0408
摘要： A metal article is consolidated from a rapidly solidified magnesium based alloy. After consolidation, the alloy has a microstructure containing precipitates of intermetallic phase of average size less than 0.1 .mu.m. The article has a thickness of at least 1 mm measured in the shortest dimension, and exhibits a superior combination of strength, ductility and corrosion resistance.
摘要翻译：金属制品由快速固化的镁基合金固结。固结后，合金具有平均尺寸小于0.1μm的金属间化合物析出物的微结构。该制品具有至少1mm的最小尺寸测量厚度，并且具有优异的强度，延展性和耐腐蚀性的组合。

9. 发明授权

US4765954A Rapidly solidified high strength, corrosion resistant magnesium base metal alloys 失效
标题翻译：快速凝固的高强度，耐腐蚀的镁基金属合金
公开(公告)号：US4765954A
公开(公告)日：1988-08-23
申请号：US781620
申请日：1985-09-30
申请人： Santosh K. Das , Chin-Fong Chang
发明人： Santosh K. Das , Chin-Fong Chang
IPC分类号： B22D11/06 , B22F1/00 , B22F9/00 , C22C1/04 , C22C23/00 , C22C45/00 , C22C23/02
CPC分类号： C22C1/0408 , B22F9/008 , C22C45/005 , Y10T428/12431
摘要： A rapidly solidified magnesium based alloy contains finely dispersed magnesium intermetallic phases. The alloy has the form of a filament or a powder and is especially suited for consolidation into bulk shapes having superior combination of strength, ductility and corrosion resistance.
摘要翻译：快速凝固的镁基合金含有细分散的镁金属间相。该合金具有长丝或粉末的形式，并且特别适用于具有优异的强度，延展性和耐腐蚀性组合的松散形状的固结。

10. 发明授权

US5316598A Superplastically formed product from rolled magnesium base metal alloy sheet 失效
标题翻译：轧制镁基金属合金板材的超塑性产品
公开(公告)号：US5316598A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-31
申请号：US890199
申请日：1992-05-29
申请人： Chin-Fong Chang , Santosh K. Das
发明人： Chin-Fong Chang , Santosh K. Das
IPC分类号： C22C1/04 , C22F1/06 , C22F1/00 , C22C23/00
CPC分类号： C22C1/0408 , C22F1/06
摘要： Magnesium base metal alloy sheet is produced by rolling the rolling stock extruded or forged from a billet at a temperature ranging from 200.degree. C. to 300.degree. C. The billet is consolidated from rapidly solidified magnesium based alloy powder that consists essentially of the formula Mg.sub.bal Al.sub.a Zn.sub.b X.sub.c, wherein X is at least one element selected from the group consisting of manganese, cerium, neodymium, praseodymium, and yttrium, "a" ranges from about 0 to 15 atom percent, "b" ranges from about 0 to 4 atom percent, "c" ranges from about 0.2 to 3 atom percent, the balance being magnesium and incidental impurities, with the proviso that the sum of aluminum and zinc present ranges from about 2 to 15 atom percent. The alloy has a uniform microstructure comprised of fine grain size ranging from 0.2-1.0 .mu.m together with precipitates of magnesium and aluminum containing intermetallic phases of a size less than 0.1 .mu.m. The sheets have a good combination of mechanical strength and ductility and are suitable for military, space, aerospace and automotive application. The sheets can be superplastically formed at temperatures ranging from 275.degree. C. to 300.degree. C. and at strain rates ranging from 10.sup.-1 to 10.sup.-2. The condition which maximizes superplastic ductility is a temperature of 300.degree. C. and a strain rate of 0.1/s. An elongation of 436%, combined with uniform deformation within the gage length, allows fabrication of complex shapes.
摘要翻译：通过在200℃至300℃的温度范围内轧制从坯料中挤出或锻造的轧制坯料来生产镁贱金属合金板。该坯料由基本上由式MgbalAlaZnbXc组成的快速固化的镁基合金粉末固结其中X为选自锰，铈，钕，镨和钇中的至少一种元素，“a”为约0至15原子百分数，“b”为约0至4原子百分数，“ c“为约0.2至3原子％，余量为镁和附带杂质，条件是存在的铝和锌的总和范围为约2至15原子％。该合金具有由0.2-1.0μm的细晶粒尺寸以及尺寸小于0.1μm的含有金属间化合物的镁和铝的析出物组成的均匀微观结构。这些板材具有机械强度和延展性的良好组合，适用于军事，太空，航空航天和汽车应用。片材可以在275℃至300℃的温度范围内以10-1至10-2的应变速率超塑性地形成。使超塑性延展性最大化的条件是温度为300℃，应变速率为0.1 / s。伸长率为436％，结合量规长度内的均匀变形，允许制造复杂的形状。

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