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    • 3. 发明授权
    • Method and apparatus to decrease radioactive iodine release
    • 减少放射性碘释放的方法和装置
    • US5337336A
    • 1994-08-09
    • US8442
    • 1993-01-25
    • Chien-Chang Lin
    • Chien-Chang Lin
    • G21C9/00G21F9/02G21C19/00
    • G21F9/02G21C9/00G21Y2002/207G21Y2002/501G21Y2004/30Y02E30/40
    • A method and apparatus decrease the release of volatile radioactive iodine from a nuclear reactor pressure vessel containing a reactor core having fuel rods submerged in water. The method includes monitoring the pressure vessel to determine an accident condition and then injecting into the pressure vessel a stable iodide in liquid solution to mix with the reactor water for decreasing vaporization of volatile radioactive iodine discharged from the fuel rods. A reservoir initially stores the stable iodide in the liquid solution and is operatively joined to the pressure vessel through a supply conduit and a normally closed valve which is selectively opened following the accident condition to inject the stored iodide liquid solution into the pressure vessel to mix with the water therein.
    • 一种方法和装置减少了含有具有淹没在水中的燃料棒的反应堆芯的核反应堆压力容器中挥发性放射性碘的释放。 该方法包括监测压力容器以确定事故状况,然后将稳定的碘化物注入压力容器中以与反应器水混合,以减少从燃料棒排出的挥发性放射性碘的蒸发。 储存器首先将稳定的碘化物储存在液体溶液中,并且通过供应管道和常闭阀可操作地连接到压力容器,该常闭阀在事故状态下选择性地打开以将储存的碘化物液体溶液注入压力容器中以与 其中的水。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Multi-bin CABAC decision bin decoder
    • 多槽CABAC决策箱解码器
    • US07978102B1
    • 2011-07-12
    • US12719867
    • 2010-03-09
    • Chien-Chang Lin
    • Chien-Chang Lin
    • H03M7/00
    • H03M7/4006
    • A binary arithmetic decoding device may include a first and second lookup table each receive signal output from a first register. A third lookup table receives signal output from the first lookup table and a fourth lookup table receives signal output from the second lookup table. A first multiplexer receives signal output from the third and fourth lookup tables. A second multiplexer receives signal output from the first and second lookup tables and from the second lookup table where the first and second multiplexers are controlled by a same first signal. The proposed decoder may further include a second register, a first adder, a third adder, and a first comparison module coupled in series and output of the first comparison module is the first signal.
    • 二进制算术解码装置可以包括从第一寄存器输出的每个接收信号的第一和第二查找表。 第三查找表接收从第一查找表输出的信号,第四查找表接收从第二查找表输出的信号。 第一多路复用器从第三和第四查找表接收信号输出。 第二多路复用器接收来自第一和第二查找表以及第二查找表的信号输出,其中第一和第二多路复用器由相同的第一信号控制。 所提出的解码器还可以包括串联耦合的第二加法器,第一加法器,第三加法器和第一比较模块,第一比较模块的输出是第一信号。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Pre-oxidation of oxide film for chemical decontamination of
recirculation piping
    • 预氧化膜用于再循环管道的化学去污
    • US5625658A
    • 1997-04-29
    • US520454
    • 1995-08-29
    • Chien-Chang Lin
    • Chien-Chang Lin
    • G21C17/022G21C19/30G21C19/00
    • G21C17/0225G21C19/30G21Y2002/501G21Y2004/20
    • A pre-oxidation treatment for decreasing the amount of chromium deposited on out-of-core surfaces such as the internal surfaces of recirculation piping. Hydrogen peroxide is injected into the reactor coolant through the recirculation line during reactor shutdown after H.sub.2 addition has been terminated. A dilute acid solution (e.g., nitric acid) is also injected into the loop to serve as a catalyst to accelerate the oxidation reactions. An appropriate water pH (e.g., in the range of 5-6) is maintained by acid injection. The coolant temperature during shutdown is maintained at approximately 150.degree. C. or lower. The peroxide concentration in the recirculation piping is maintained at approximately 1 ppm or higher as needed. The oxidation process should be allowed to take effect in the proposed temperature range with the recirculation pump in operation for at least a few hours to 24 hours, depending on the temperature and the oxide film thickness. The Cr-enriched oxides can be readily oxidized by the hydrogen peroxide to a soluble chromate under proper conditions. Some of the radioactivities associated with the oxides will then be released into the coolant and consequently removed by the reactor water cleanup system.
    • 用于减少沉积在芯外表面上的铬的量的预氧化处理,例如再循环管道的内表面。 氢化氢终止后,反应堆关闭期间,过氧化氢通过再循环管线注入反应堆冷却剂。 还将稀酸溶液(例如硝酸)注入环中以用作加速氧化反应的催化剂。 通过酸注射维持适当的水pH(例如5-6的范围)。 停机时的冷却液温度保持在150℃以下。 根据需要,再循环管道中的过氧化物浓度保持在约1ppm或更高。 根据温度和氧化膜厚度,氧化过程应允许在提出的温度范围内使循环泵运行至少几个小时至24小时。 在合适的条件下,富含Cr的氧化物可以被过氧化氢容易地氧化成可溶的铬酸盐。 然后,与氧化物相关联的一些放射性将被释放到冷却剂中,并因此被反应器水清除系统除去。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Method to control N-16 radiation levels in steam phase BWRs
    • 控制蒸汽相BWR中N-16辐射水平的方法
    • US4992232A
    • 1991-02-12
    • US380790
    • 1989-07-17
    • Robert L. Cowan, IIDragomir DuitnaRobert J. LawChien-Chang LinCarl P. RuizJames L. Simpson
    • Robert L. Cowan, IIDragomir DuitnaRobert J. LawChien-Chang LinCarl P. RuizJames L. Simpson
    • G21C1/00G21C19/307
    • G21C19/307
    • In a boiling water reactor nuclear plant, hydrogen is injected into the feed water to neutralize radiolysis which causes stress corrosion in stainless steel components. It has been discovered that by inhibiting volatile ammonia, and other gaseous nitrogen compounds from leaving the liquid phase portions of the plant to the steam phase portions of the plant, radiation is reduced to acceptable levels. Formation of ammonia is inhibited chemically, by altering the reaction paths for volatile nitrogen species with trace additives in the parts per billion range, suitable additives include nitrous oxide, copper, zinc, carbon dioxide, and other components. It has also been found that by manipulating the pH, the formation of the voltage nitrogen compounds, especially ammonia, is decreased. Similarly, by physically altering plant operating conditions to reduce sparging or scrubbing of the gases from areas of high radiation, confinement of the N-16 within the liquid phase of the plant within the reactor vessel occurs. It is further found that by decreasing the total hydrogen concentration in the core region, the N-16 volatility can be limited. This includes alternate hydrogen injection points and enhancement of the hydrogen-oxygen recombination reaction by e.g., catalysis by radiation or by surfaces. The possibility of increasing the N-16 holdup time in the steam phase is also considered. Finally, the concept of operating at a higher electrochemical potential which requires a lower hydrogen concentration and hence less N-16 converted to the volatile form is also described.
    • 在沸水反应堆核电站中,将氢气注入给水中以中和放射分解,这导致不锈钢部件产生应力腐蚀。 已经发现,通过抑制挥发性氨和其它气态氮化合物将植物的液相部分离开到植物的蒸汽相部分,辐射降低到可接受的水平。 通过用十分之一范围的微量添加剂改变挥发性氮物种的反应路径,化学物质的形成被抑制,合适的添加剂包括一氧化二氮,铜,锌,二氧化碳等组分。 还已经发现,通过操纵pH,电压氮化合物,特别是氨的形成减少。 类似地,通过物理地改变植物操作条件以减少来自高辐射区域的气体的喷射或洗涤,发生在反应器容器内的植物的液相内的N-16的限制。 进一步发现,通过降低核心区域中的总氢浓度,可以限制N-16挥发性。 这包括交替的氢注入点和通过例如通过辐射或通过表面的催化来增强氢 - 氧复合反应。 也考虑在蒸汽阶段增加N-16滞留时间的可能性。 最后,还描述了在更高的电化学电势下操作的概念,其需要较低的氢浓度并因此减少转化为挥发性形式的N-16。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Multi-bin CABAC bypass bin decoder
    • 多槽CABAC旁路箱解码器
    • US07961122B1
    • 2011-06-14
    • US12699818
    • 2010-02-03
    • Chien-Chang Lin
    • Chien-Chang Lin
    • H03M7/00
    • H03M7/4006
    • A parallel based 5 bypass bin CABAC decoder may include a 3 bypass bins decoder appropriately coupled to a 2 bypass bins decoder. The 3 bypass bins decoder may have a first input receiving a bitstream, a second input receiving range values, a first output outputting a first bypass bin, a second output outputting a second bypass bin, a third output outputting a third bypass bin, and a fourth output outputting a shifted bitstream to the 2 bypass bins decoder. The 2 bypass bins decoder may have a first input to receive the shifted bitstream, a second input to receive the range values, a first output outputting a fourth bypass bin, and a second output outputting a fifth bypass bin.
    • 并行的5旁路箱CABAC解码器可以包括适当地耦合到2个旁路箱解码器的3个旁路箱解码器。 3旁路箱解码器可以具有接收比特流的第一输入,第二输入接收范围值,输出第一旁路仓的第一输出,输出第二旁路仓的第二输出,输出第三旁路仓的第三输出和 第四输出将移位的比特流输出到2个旁路箱解码器。 2旁路箱解码器可以具有用于接收移位的比特流的第一输入,接收范围值的第二输入,输出第四旁路槽的第一输出和输出第五旁路仓的第二输出。