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1. 发明授权

US4430183A Method of making coherent multilayer crystals 失效
标题翻译：制作相干多层晶体的方法
公开(公告)号：US4430183A
公开(公告)日：1984-02-07
申请号：US424702
申请日：1982-09-27
申请人： Ivan K. Schuller , Charles M. Falco
发明人： Ivan K. Schuller , Charles M. Falco
IPC分类号： C23C14/34 , C30B23/02 , H01L21/203 , C23C15/00
CPC分类号： C23C14/3464 , C30B23/02 , C30B29/68 , Y10S505/729 , Y10S505/731
摘要： A new material consisting of a coherent multilayer crystal of two or more elements where each layer is composed of a single element. Each layer may vary in thickness from about 2 .ANG. to 2500 .ANG.. The multilayer crystals are prepared by sputter deposition under conditions which slow the sputtered atoms to near substrate temperatures before they contact the substrate.
摘要翻译：一种由两个或更多个元件的相干多层晶体组成的新材料，其中每个层由单个元件组成。每个层的厚度可以从大约2 ANGSTROM变化到2500 ANGSTROM。通过溅射沉积在溅射原子在接触衬底之前将其溅射到接近衬底温度的条件下制备多层晶体。

2. 发明授权

US4448854A Coherent multilayer crystals and method of making 失效
标题翻译：相干多层晶体及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：US4448854A
公开(公告)日：1984-05-15
申请号：US441900
申请日：1982-11-15
申请人： Ivan K. Schuller , Charles M. Falco
发明人： Ivan K. Schuller , Charles M. Falco
IPC分类号： C23C14/34 , C30B23/02 , B32B15/04 , B32B15/20
CPC分类号： C23C14/3464 , C30B23/02 , C30B29/68 , Y10S428/926 , Y10S505/812 , Y10S505/818 , Y10T428/12465 , Y10T428/12632 , Y10T428/12806 , Y10T428/12819 , Y10T428/12826 , Y10T428/1284 , Y10T428/12896 , Y10T428/12903 , Y10T428/12944
摘要： A new material consisting of a multilayer crystalline structure which is coherent perpendicular to the layers and where each layer is composed of a single crystalline element. The individual layers may vary from 2.ANG. to 100.ANG. or more in thickness.
摘要翻译：一种由多层晶体结构组成的新材料，其垂直于层是相干的，每层由单一晶体元素构成。单个层可以从2个角度变化到100个或更多个厚度。

3. 发明授权

US4362023A Thermoelectric refrigerator having improved temperature stabilization means 失效
标题翻译：具有改善的温度稳定装置的热电冰箱
公开(公告)号：US4362023A
公开(公告)日：1982-12-07
申请号：US287965
申请日：1981-07-29
申请人： Charles M. Falco
发明人： Charles M. Falco
IPC分类号： F25B21/02 , G05D23/20 , H01L35/22 , H01L35/24
CPC分类号： H01L35/22 , F25B21/02 , G05D23/1919 , G05D23/20 , H01L35/24 , Y10S505/891
摘要： A control system for thermoelectric refrigerators is disclosed. The thermoelectric refrigerator includes at least one thermoelectric element that undergoes a first order change at a predetermined critical temperature. The element functions as a thermoelectric refrigerator element above the critical temperature, but discontinuously ceases to function as a thermoelectric refrigerator element below the critical temperature. One example of such an arrangement includes thermoelectric refrigerator elements which are superconductors. The transition temperature of one of the superconductor elements is selected as the temperature control point of the refrigerator. When the refrigerator attempts to cool below the point, the metals become superconductors losing their ability to perform as a thermoelectric refrigerator. An extremely accurate, first-order control is realized.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于热电冰箱的控制系统。热电冰箱包括在预定临界温度下经历一阶变化的至少一个热电元件。该元件作为高于临界温度的热电致冷器元件起作用，但不连续地停止作为低于临界温度的热电致冷元件的功能。这种布置的一个示例包括作为超导体的热电致冷器元件。选择超导体元件之一的转变温度作为冰箱的温度控制点。当冰箱尝试冷却到点以下时，金属变成超导体失去作为热电冰箱的能力。实现了非常准确的一级控制。

4. 发明授权

US4064029A Method of making an improved superconducting quantum interference device 失效
标题翻译：制造改进的超导量子干涉装置的方法
公开(公告)号：US4064029A
公开(公告)日：1977-12-20
申请号：US766653
申请日：1977-02-08
申请人： Cheng-Teh Wu , Charles M. Falco , Robert T. Kampwirth
发明人： Cheng-Teh Wu , Charles M. Falco , Robert T. Kampwirth
IPC分类号： G01R33/035 , H01L39/24 , C23C15/00 , G01R33/02
CPC分类号： G01R33/0354 , H01L39/2493 , Y10S505/816 , Y10T29/49014
摘要： An improved superconducting quantum interference device is made by sputtering a thin film of an alloy of three parts niobium to one part tin in a pattern comprising a closed loop with a narrow region, depositing a thin film of a radiation shield such as copper over the niobium-tin, scribing a narrow line in the copper over the narrow region, exposing the structure at the scribed line to radiation and removing the deposited copper.
摘要翻译：一种改进的超导量子干涉装置是通过将包含三部分铌的合金薄膜以包含窄区域的闭环的图案以一部分锡的方式溅射，在铌上沉积诸如铜的辐射屏蔽薄膜在狭窄区域的铜上划线窄线，将划线处的结构暴露于辐射并除去沉积的铜。

5. 发明授权

US5080739A Method for making a beam splitter and partially transmitting normal-incidence mirrors for soft x-rays 失效
标题翻译：制造光束分离器和部分透射用于软X射线的法向入射镜的方法
公开(公告)号：US5080739A
公开(公告)日：1992-01-14
申请号：US534823
申请日：1990-06-07
申请人： Felix E. Fernandez , Charles M. Falco
发明人： Felix E. Fernandez , Charles M. Falco
IPC分类号： B32B38/10
CPC分类号： B32B38/10 , B32B38/1808 , B32B2310/0843
摘要： A method is disclosed for making free standing multilayer films by depositing the films on a soluble substrate. The substrate solvent combination is chosen so that the solvent will not effect the multilayer materials. After deposition on the substrate, the multilayer films are cemented to a flat and smooth frame, in which a hole or window of the desired size and shape has been previously drilled. The adhesive, the films and the frame are insoluble in the chosen solvent for the substrate. After the adhesive is set, the substrate is dissolved leaving the multilayer film free standing within the frame. Also disclosed is a method for providing the films with a curvature.
摘要翻译：公开了通过将膜沉积在可溶性基底上制备自立式多层膜的方法。选择底物溶剂组合使得溶剂不会影响多层材料。在基板上沉积之后，将多层膜胶合到平坦而平滑的框架上，其中预先钻出所需尺寸和形状的孔或窗。粘合剂，膜和框架不溶于用于基材的所选择的溶剂中。在粘合剂被固定之后，溶解基材，留下多层薄膜直立在框架内。还公开了一种用于为膜提供曲率的方法。

6. 发明授权

US4454495A Layered ultra-thin coherent structures used as electrical resistors having low temperature coefficient of resistivity 失效
标题翻译：用作具有低电阻温度系数的电阻器的分层超薄相干结构
公开(公告)号：US4454495A
公开(公告)日：1984-06-12
申请号：US413637
申请日：1982-08-31
申请人： Thomas R. Werner , Charles M. Falco , Ivan K. Schuller
发明人： Thomas R. Werner , Charles M. Falco , Ivan K. Schuller
IPC分类号： H01C7/00 , H01C7/18 , H01C10/00
CPC分类号： H01C7/18 , H01C7/008 , Y10S505/881
摘要： A thin film resistor having a controlled temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) ranging from negative to positive degrees kelvin and having relatively high resistivity. The resistor is a multilayer superlattice crystal containing a plurality of alternating, ultra-thin layers of two different metals. TCR is varied by controlling the thickness of the individual layers. The resistor can be readily prepared by methods compatible with thin film circuitry manufacturing techniques.
摘要翻译：具有控制的电阻温度系数（TCR）的薄膜电阻器，其范围从负开尔文到正开尔文并且具有相对高的电阻率。该电阻器是含有两个不同金属的多个交替的超薄层的多层超晶格晶体。通过控制各层的厚度来改变TCR。电阻器可以通过与薄膜电路制造技术相兼容的方法容易地制备。

7. 发明授权

US4266008A Method for etching thin films of niobium and niobium-containing compounds for preparing superconductive circuits 失效
标题翻译：用于蚀刻用于制备超导电路的铌和铌化合物的薄膜的方法
公开(公告)号：US4266008A
公开(公告)日：1981-05-05
申请号：US96859
申请日：1979-11-23
申请人： Robert T. Kampwirth , Ivan K. Schuller , Charles M. Falco
发明人： Robert T. Kampwirth , Ivan K. Schuller , Charles M. Falco
IPC分类号： C23F1/26 , H01L39/24 , H01L39/02
CPC分类号： C23F1/26 , H01L39/2406
摘要： An improved method of preparing thin film superconducting electrical circuits of niobium or niobium compounds in which a thin film of the niobium or niobium compound is applied to a nonconductive substrate, and covered with a layer of photosensitive material. The sensitive material is in turn covered with a circuit pattern exposed and developed to form a mask of the circuit in photoresistive material on the surface of the film. The unmasked excess niobium film is removed by contacting the substrate with an aqueous etching solution of nitric acid, sulfuric acid and hydrogen fluoride, which will rapidly etch the niobium compound without undercutting the photoresist. A modification of the etching solution will permit thin films to be lifted from the substrate without further etching.
摘要翻译：一种制备铌或铌化合物的薄膜超导电路的改进方法，其中将铌或铌化合物的薄膜施加到非导电基材上并覆盖感光材料层。敏感材料又被暴露和显影的电路图案覆盖，以在膜的表面上形成光致抗蚀剂材料中的电路的掩模。通过使基底与硝酸，硫酸和氟化氢的水性蚀刻溶液接触来除去未掩蔽的过量的铌膜，其将快速蚀刻铌化合物而不会使光致抗蚀剂下蚀。蚀刻溶液的改进将允许薄膜从衬底提升而不进一步蚀刻。

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