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1. 发明授权

US5355216A Optical fiber sensor having digital integrating detection system utilizing electronic phase lock loop 失效
标题翻译：具有利用电子锁相环的数字积分检测系统的光纤传感器
公开(公告)号：US5355216A
公开(公告)日：1994-10-11
申请号：US931111
申请日：1992-08-17
申请人： Byoung Y. Kim , Kenneth A. Fesler , James S. Bunn
发明人： Byoung Y. Kim , Kenneth A. Fesler , James S. Bunn
IPC分类号： G01C19/72 , G01C19/64
CPC分类号： G01C19/721
摘要： An interferometer used as a rotation sensor is constructed using a strand of optical fiber, a portion of which is formed into a sensing loop. A pair of light waves are caused to counterpropagate in the sensing loop and are combined to form an optical output signal that has an intensity that varies in accordance with the difference in the phases of the two counterpropagating light waves. A phase modulator is positioned on the optical fiber in the sensing loop at a location such that the two counterpropagating light waves are modulated approximately 180 degrees out of phase. The time-varying phase modulation causes a time-varying phase difference that is combined with a rotationally-induced Sagnac effect phase to provide a total phase difference that is detected by a photodetector. The photodetector provides an electrical output signal that is processed to determine the Sagnac phase difference. The rotation rate is then calculated from the Sagnac phase difference. The processing occurs in a feedback loop in which a reference signal is multiplied by the electrical output signal to provide a feedback signal. The reference signal is adjusted so that the feedback signal is maintained at a predetermined value. The magnitude of the adjustment of the reference signal is measured and the Sagnac phase difference is determined from the measured magnitude.
摘要翻译：用作旋转传感器的干涉仪使用一束光纤构成，其一部分形成感测环路。在感测回路中引起一对光波反向传播，并被组合以形成光输出信号，其具有根据两个反向传播光波的相位差而变化的强度。相位调制器位于感测回路中的光纤上，使得两个反向传播的光波相位调制为大约180度。时变相位调制引起与旋转诱导的Sagnac效应相组合的时变相位差，以提供由光电检测器检测的总相位差。光电检测器提供被处理以确定Sagnac相位差的电输出信号。然后从Sagnac相位差计算旋转速率。处理发生在反馈回路中，其中参考信号乘以电输出信号以提供反馈信号。调整参考信号，使得反馈信号保持在预定值。测量参考信号的调整幅度，并从测量的幅度确定Sagnac相位差。

2. 发明授权

US4770535A Distributed sensor array and method using a pulsed signal source 失效
标题翻译：分布式传感器阵列和使用脉冲信号源的方法
公开(公告)号：US4770535A
公开(公告)日：1988-09-13
申请号：US877296
申请日：1986-06-23
申请人： Byoung Y. Kim , Moshe Tur , Janet L. Brooks , Kenneth A. Fesler , Herbert J. Shaw
发明人： Byoung Y. Kim , Moshe Tur , Janet L. Brooks , Kenneth A. Fesler , Herbert J. Shaw
IPC分类号： G01J1/02 , G01D5/353 , G01H9/00 , G01J9/02 , G01R15/24 , G08C23/04 , G01B9/02
CPC分类号： G01D5/35383
摘要： A distributed sensor system using pulsed optical signals optionally produced by a short coherence length source to provide a phase difference output signal representative of conditions affecting a selected sensor. In one preferred embodiment, an array of fiber-optic sensors are organized in a ladder configuration, with the sensors positioned in spaced relation and defining the rungs of the ladder. Light pulses transmitted through the sensors are multiplexed onto a return arm of the ladder. The multiplexed signals are received by an optical fiber compensating interferometer which coherently couples portions of adjacent multiplexed light signals to produce a phase difference signal representing conditions influencing selected sensors. In other preferred embodiments, the system is configured to define a plurality of adjacent Mach-Zehnder interferometers which provide output signal pairs which coherently couple to yield a phase difference signal directly representing the environmental effects on a particular sensor. Functional equivalents of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer configurations comprise configurations including adjacent Michelson interferometers. A phase and amplitude modulation technique is disclosed for providing heterodyned output signals from the distributed sensor system.
摘要翻译：使用脉冲光信号的分布式传感器系统，其可选地由短相干长度源产生，以提供表示影响所选传感器的条件的相位差输出信号。在一个优选实施例中，光纤传感器阵列以梯形结构组织，传感器以间隔关系定位并限定梯子的梯级。通过传感器传输的光脉冲被复用到梯子的返回臂上。复用的信号由光纤补偿干涉仪接收，该干涉仪相干地耦合相邻复用光信号的部分，以产生表示影响所选传感器的条件的相位差信号。在其它优选实施例中，该系统被配置为限定多个相邻的马赫 - 曾德尔干涉仪，其提供相干耦合以产生直接表示对特定传感器的环境影响的相位差信号的输出信号对。 Mach-Zehnder干涉仪配置的功能等同物包括相邻的迈克尔逊干涉仪。公开了一种用于从分布式传感器系统提供外差输出信号的相位和幅度调制技术。

3. 发明授权

US5108183A Interferometer utilizing superfluorescent optical source 失效
标题翻译：干涉仪采用超荧光光源
公开(公告)号：US5108183A
公开(公告)日：1992-04-28
申请号：US565248
申请日：1990-08-09
申请人： John J. Fling , Byoung Y. Kim , Kenneth A. Fesler , Michel J. F. Digonnet , Herbert J. Shaw
发明人： John J. Fling , Byoung Y. Kim , Kenneth A. Fesler , Michel J. F. Digonnet , Herbert J. Shaw
IPC分类号： G01B9/02 , G01C19/72 , G01P3/36 , H01S3/06 , H01S3/07 , H01S3/10
CPC分类号： G01C19/721 , G01P3/36
摘要： An improved broadband light source for a Sagnac interferometer includes a waveguide, such as a fluorescent optical fiber, that is pumped by a pump source with a sufficient intensity to generate temporally incoherent light. The fluorescent optical fiber has first and second ends, one end being an input end of the fiber. The broadband light is provided at an output of the fluorescent optical fiber and is input to the interferometer. In order to prevent laser oscillations between the light source and the interferometer, one end of the fluorescent optical fiber is formed so as to prevent reflections. The light output from the fluorescent fiber to the interferometer comprises only that light that initially propagates toward the output of the optical fiber. In one embodiment of the light source, the pump light from the pump source is coupled into the fluorescent optical fiber in a direction so that it travels away from the output of the fluorescent optical fiber towards the first end. In an alternative embodiment, the fluorescent optical fiber is a doubly clad optical fiber having a first acceptance region and a second acceptance region at the first end. The pump light is introduced into an aperture window between the two acceptance regions so that the pump light can be introduced into the first end at an angle without requiring a reflective surface at the first end.
摘要翻译：用于Sagnac干涉仪的改进的宽带光源包括诸如荧光光纤的波导，其由泵浦源以足够的强度泵浦以产生时间上不相干的光。荧光光纤具有第一和第二端，一端是光纤的输入端。宽带光被提供在荧光光纤的输出处，并被输入到干涉仪。为了防止光源和干涉仪之间的激光振荡，形成荧光光纤的一端以防止反射。从荧光纤维到干涉仪的光输出仅包括最初向光纤的输出传播的光。在光源的一个实施例中，来自泵浦源的泵浦光沿着使得其从荧光光纤的输出朝着第一端行进的方向耦合到荧光光纤中。在替代实施例中，荧光光纤是在第一端具有第一接收区和第二接收区的双包层光纤。泵浦光被引入两个接受区域之间的孔眼窗口中，使得泵浦光可以一角度被引入第一端，而不需要第一端的反射表面。

4. 发明授权

US5106193A Optical waveguide amplifier source gyroscope 失效
标题翻译：光波导放大器源光源
公开(公告)号：US5106193A
公开(公告)日：1992-04-21
申请号：US565255
申请日：1990-08-09
申请人： Kenneth A. Fesler , Michel J. F. Digonnet , Byoung Y. Kim , Herbert J. Shaw
发明人： Kenneth A. Fesler , Michel J. F. Digonnet , Byoung Y. Kim , Herbert J. Shaw
IPC分类号： G01B9/02 , G01C19/64 , G01C19/72 , G02B6/00 , G02B6/036 , G02F1/35 , H01S3/07 , H01S3/10
CPC分类号： G01B9/0209 , G01B9/0201 , G01C19/64 , G01B2290/70
摘要： An improved broadband light source for a Sagnac interferometer includes a fluorescent optical medium that is pumped by light from a pump source with a sufficient intensity to cause the fluorescent optical medium to generate temporally incoherent light by superfluorescence. In the preferred embodiment, the superfluorescent optical medium comprises an optical fiber which is backward pumped. The signal output from the interferometer loop is amplified by the optical gain of the superfluorescent fiber which acts as a light source and as an amplifier. In order to avoid gain modulation in the superflorescent fiber, the modulation frequency is selected so that the modulation gain depth is substantially reduced.

5. 发明授权

US4964131A Broadband optical fiber laser 失效
标题翻译：宽带光纤激光器
公开(公告)号：US4964131A
公开(公告)日：1990-10-16
申请号：US319241
申请日：1989-03-09
申请人： Karen Liu , Byoung Y. Kim , Michel J. F. Digonnet , Kenneth A. Fesler , Herbert J. Shaw
发明人： Karen Liu , Byoung Y. Kim , Michel J. F. Digonnet , Kenneth A. Fesler , Herbert J. Shaw
IPC分类号： G01C19/72 , H01S3/067 , H01S3/094 , H01S3/0941
CPC分类号： G01C19/721 , H01S3/06795 , H01S3/0941 , H01S3/094003
摘要： An optical fiber laser includes a single-mode optical fiber doped with a lasing material such as Neodymium. The optical fiber is pumped with a pump optical signal having a pump wavelength selected to cause spontaneous emission of an optical signal at a second wavelength different from the pump wavelength. The optical fiber is formed into a laser cavity such as by including a suitable reflector at each of the two ends of a suitable length of the optical fiber so that the emitted optical signal oscillates therein. One of the reflectors has a reflectivity at the wavelength of the emitted light so that most (e.g., approximately 95%) of the emitted light is reflected back into the laser cavity and a smaller portion (e.g, approximately 5%) is transmitted through the mirror as a laser output signal. Alternatively, the optical fiber can be formed into a ring laser structure using an optical coupler that couples a substantial portion (e.g., approximately 95%) of the emitted light back into the ring for recirculation therein and provides a smaller portion of the emitted light (e.g., approximately 5%) as a laser output signal. The wavelength of the pump optical signal is selected to be outside the pump variable tuning range of the Neodymium-doped optical fiber (i.e., the range of pump wavelengths which stimulate emitted wavelengths having a average wavelengths with a generally one-to-one correspondence to the pump wavelength). Pumping with a pump signal outside the pump variable tuning ranges causes the emitted light to have a broad spectral envelope of longitudinal modes having emission wavelengths corresponding to substantially all the pump variable tuning range. Thus, by pumping the optical fiber with a single pump wavelength, a broadband laser output signal is generated.
摘要翻译：光纤激光器包括掺杂有诸如钕的激光材料的单模光纤。用选择了泵浦波长的泵浦光信号来泵浦光纤，以引起与泵浦波长不同的第二波长的光信号的自发发射。光纤被形成为激光腔，例如通过在光纤的适当长度的两端中的每一端包括合适的反射器，使得所发射的光信号在其中振荡。反射器中的一个在发射光的波长处具有反射率，使得大部分（例如，大约95％）的发射光被反射回到激光腔中，并且较小的部分（例如，大约5％）通过镜像为激光输出信号。或者，可以使用光耦合器将光纤形成为环形激光器结构，所述光耦合器将发射的光的大部分（例如，大约95％）重新连接到环中以在其中再循环，并且提供较小部分的发射光例如约5％）作为激光输出信号。泵浦光信号的波长被选择在掺杂钕光纤的泵可变调谐范围之外（即，泵浦波长的范围，其激发平均波长与一般一一对应的发射波长泵浦波长）。在泵可变调谐范围之外用泵浦信号泵送使得发射的光具有宽泛的光谱包络，其具有与基本上所有泵可变调谐范围对应的发射波长的纵向模式。因此，通过用单个泵浦波长泵浦光纤，产生宽带激光输出信号。

6. 发明授权

US5255274A Broadband laser source 失效
标题翻译：宽带激光源
公开(公告)号：US5255274A
公开(公告)日：1993-10-19
申请号：US895602
申请日：1992-06-08
申请人： Paul F. Wysocki , Michel J. F. Digonnet , Byoung Y. Kim
发明人： Paul F. Wysocki , Michel J. F. Digonnet , Byoung Y. Kim
IPC分类号： H01S3/067 , H01S3/10
CPC分类号： H01S3/06795
摘要： A laser source comprises an optical fiber doped with a homogeneously broadened lasing medium, preferably with Erbium, pumped by a laser pump source and an intracavity acousto-optic modulator. When the acousto-optic modulator is driven by a variable frequency source, the Erbium fluorescence line emitted by the Erbium-doped optical fiber can be electronically tuned. In another embodiment, an electronic sweep waveform is used to frequency modulate the acoustic signal produced by the acousto-optic modulator. Without the low-rate frequency modulation, Erbium in a silica optical fiber is a mostly homogeneously broadened gain medium with a narrow laser linewidth. When measured on a long time scale, low-rate frequency modulation provides a broader spectral width, on the order of 19 nm, which makes such a source an ideal source for certain optical applications such as fiber optic gyroscopes.
摘要翻译：激光源包括掺杂有均匀扩展的激光介质的光纤，优选地由铒掺杂，由激光泵浦源和腔内声光调制器泵浦。当声光调制器由可变频率源驱动时，掺铒光纤发射的铒荧光线可以被电子调谐。在另一个实施例中，使用电子扫描波形来对由声光调制器产生的声信号进行频率调制。在没有低速率频率调制的情况下，二氧化硅光纤中的铒是激光线宽窄的大部分均匀的增宽介质。当在长时间尺度上测量时，低速率频率调制提供了更宽的光谱宽度，约为19nm，这使得这种光源成为诸如光纤陀螺仪之类的某些光学应用的理想光源。

7. 发明授权

US4832437A Fiber optic inter-mode coupling single side band frequency shifter 失效
标题翻译：光纤互耦合单边带变频器
公开(公告)号：US4832437A
公开(公告)日：1989-05-23
申请号：US48142
申请日：1987-05-11
申请人： Byoung Y. Kim , Herbert J. Shaw , Helege E. Engan , James N. Blake
发明人： Byoung Y. Kim , Herbert J. Shaw , Helege E. Engan , James N. Blake
IPC分类号： G02B6/14 , G02B6/28 , G02F1/01
CPC分类号： G02B6/14 , G02B6/2821 , G02F1/0134
摘要： An optical fiber is subjected to a series of traveling flexural waves propagating along a length of the fiber. At least a portion of an optical signal propagating within the optical fiber in a first propagation mode is coupled to a second propagation mode. The optical signal in the second propagation mode has a frequency which is equal to either the sum of or the difference between the frequency of the optical signal in the first propagation mode and the frequency of the traveling flexural waves. The frequency of the optical signal in the second propagation mode is shifted upward or downward from the frequency of the optical signal in the first propagation mode as determined by the direction of propagation of the first optical signal with respect to the direction of propagation of the traveling flexural waves, and as also determined by whether the phase propagation velocity of the optical signal in the first propagation mode is greater than or less than the propagation velocity of the optical signal in the second propagation mode.
摘要翻译：光纤经受沿纤维长度传播的一系列行进弯曲波。以第一传播模式在光纤内传播的光信号的至少一部分耦合到第二传播模式。第二传播模式中的光信号具有等于第一传播模式中的光信号的频率与行进的弯曲波的频率的和之和的频率的频率。第二传播模式中的光信号的频率从第一传播模式中的光信号的频率向上或向下偏移，由第一光信号相对于传播的传播方向的传播方向确定弯曲波，并且还根据第一传播模式中的光信号的相位传播速度是否大于或小于第二传播模式中的光信号的传播速度来确定。

8. 发明授权

US4707136A Gated fiber optic rotation sensor with linearized scale factor 失效
标题翻译：门控光纤旋转传感器具有线性化比例因子
公开(公告)号：US4707136A
公开(公告)日：1987-11-17
申请号：US581303
申请日：1984-02-17
申请人： Byoung Y. Kim
发明人： Byoung Y. Kim
IPC分类号： G01C19/72 , G01C19/64
CPC分类号： G01C19/726
摘要： A fiber optic rotation sensor, employing the Sagnac effect comprising all fiber optic components positioned along a continuous, uninterrupted strand of fiber optic material. The rotation sensor includes a detection system utilizing a modulator or modulators for phase modulating at first and second frequencies light waves which counter-propagate through a loop formed in the fiber optic strand. The second phase modulation is at a frequency much lower than the first frequency and comprises a phase ramp signal which is applied to the counter-propagating light waves. The phase difference modulation which results from application of the phase ramp defines a substantially DC value which may be adjusted to bias the counter-propagating light wave phase difference to substantially null the phase shift produced in the phase difference by the rotation rate. Because the phase ramp modulation signal is simulated from a periodic waveform, an output signal from the sensor is gated synchronously with respect to the phase modulation at the second frequency so that the detected optical output signal is provided only during those intervals when it is influenced by the ramped portion of the phase modulation signal.A phase sensitive detector generates a feedback error signal proportional to the magnitude of the optical output signal at the first phase modulation frequency. The feedback error signal controls a modulator which controls the amplitude of the second frequency driving signal for the phase modulator such that the signal at the first phase modulation frequency in the output signal from the rotation sensor is substantially cancelled by the phase difference modulation produced at the second modulation frequency during the interval when the optical output signal is present.
摘要翻译：一种光纤旋转传感器，采用Sagnac效应，其包括沿连续的不间断的光纤材料股定位的所有光纤部件。旋转传感器包括利用调制器或调制器的检测系统，用于在第一和第二频率处对通过形成在光纤链中的环路进行反向传播的光波进行相位调制。第二相位调制处于比第一频率低得多的频率，并且包括施加到反向传播光波的相位斜坡信号。由施加相位斜坡引起的相位差调制定义了大致上的DC值，该DC值可被调整以偏置反向传播的光波相位差，从而基本上使相位差产生的相移基本上为零。由于从周期波形模拟相位斜坡调制信号，所以来自传感器的输出信号相对于第二频率的相位调制同步地进行门控，使得检测到的光输出信号仅在受到相位调制信号的斜坡部分。相敏检测器产生与第一相位调制频率处的光输出信号幅度成比例的反馈误差信号。反馈误差信号控制调制器，该调制器控制相位调制器的第二频率驱动信号的幅度，使得来自旋转传感器的输出信号中的第一相位调制频率处的信号基本上被在在存在光输出信号的间隔期间的第二调制频率。

9. 发明授权

US4637722A Fiber optical rotation sensor with extended dynamic range 失效
标题翻译：光纤旋转传感器具有延长的动态范围
公开(公告)号：US4637722A
公开(公告)日：1987-01-20
申请号：US488155
申请日：1983-04-25
申请人： Byoung Y. Kim
发明人： Byoung Y. Kim
IPC分类号： G01C19/72 , G01B9/02
CPC分类号： G01C19/726
摘要： A fiber optic rotation sensor, employing the Sagnac effect comprising all fiber optic components positioned along a continuous, uninterrupted strand of fiber optic material. The rotation sensor includes a detection system utilizing a modulator or modulators for phase modulating at first and second harmonic frequencies light waves which counter-propagate through a loop formed in the fiber optic strand. Each modulator is operated at a specific frequency to eliminate amplitude modulation in the detected optical output signal. A phase sensitive detector generates a feedback error signal proportional to the magnitude of the first harmonic in the output optical signal. The feedback error signal controls a modulator which controls the amplitude of the second harmonic driving signal for the second harmonic phase modulator such that the first harmonic component in the output signal from the rotation sensor is cancelled or held within a small range of amplitudes.
摘要翻译：一种光纤旋转传感器，采用Sagnac效应，其包括沿连续的不间断的光纤材料股定位的所有光纤部件。旋转传感器包括利用调制器或调制器的检测系统，用于在第一和第二谐波频率处对通过形成在光纤链中的环路进行反向传播的光波进行相位调制。每个调制器以特定频率操作，以消除所检测的光输出信号中的幅度调制。相敏检测器产生与输出光信号中的一次谐波幅度成比例的反馈误差信号。反馈误差信号控制调制器，其控制用于二次谐波相位调制器的二次谐波驱动信号的幅度，使得来自旋转传感器的输出信号中的一次谐波分量被取消或保持在小幅度范围内。

10. 发明授权

US5444803A Fiber-optic devices and sensors using fiber grating 失效
标题翻译：使用光纤光栅的光纤设备和传感器
公开(公告)号：US5444803A
公开(公告)日：1995-08-22
申请号：US196641
申请日：1994-02-15
申请人： Byoung Y. Kim , Yeon W. Koh , Seok H. Yun
发明人： Byoung Y. Kim , Yeon W. Koh , Seok H. Yun
IPC分类号： G01D5/353 , G02B6/26
CPC分类号： G02B6/02047 , G01D5/35329 , G01D5/3538 , G02B6/022
摘要： Fiber-optic devices and sensors are implemented using fiber gratings. The fiber-optic device includes the fiber grating, an input mode stripper and an output mode stripper placed at both ends of the fiber grating, to admit only one mode therethrough, and a polarizer. The fiber grating of this invention is used in combination with a directional coupler instead of a mode stripper and a polarizer. The fiber-optic device outputs desired wavelengths, a switching signal or an interference signal. An external perturbation, such as a strain, a temperature, light pulse, and etc. may be applied to the fiber grating in its preparation to change a characteristic of the fiber grating. These perturbations are actively used to make fiber-optic devices and sensors.
摘要翻译：光纤设备和传感器使用光纤光栅实现。光纤装置包括光纤光栅，输入模式剥离器和放置在光纤光栅两端的输出模式剥离器，以仅允许一种模式，以及偏振器。本发明的光纤光栅与定向耦合器而不是模式剥离器和偏振器组合使用。光纤设备输出所需的波长，切换信号或干扰信号。在其制备中可以将外部扰动（例如应变，温度，光脉冲等）应用于光纤光栅以改变光纤光栅的特性。这些扰动主要用于制造光纤设备和传感器。

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