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1. 发明授权

US06334961B1 Low ash gas generant and ignition compositions for vehicle occupant passive restraint systems 有权
标题翻译：低灰分气体发生剂和车辆乘员被动约束系统的点火成分
公开(公告)号：US06334961B1
公开(公告)日：2002-01-01
申请号：US09436344
申请日：1999-11-09
申请人： Brian K. Wheatley , Norman H. Lundstrom , Robert D. Lynch , R. Stephen Scheffee , James D. Martin
发明人： Brian K. Wheatley , Norman H. Lundstrom , Robert D. Lynch , R. Stephen Scheffee , James D. Martin
IPC分类号： C06B3112
CPC分类号： C06D5/06 , C06B31/00 , C06C9/00
摘要： Solid gas generant compositions produce low particulates (e.g., condensed ash) when ignited. The solid gas generant compositions most preferably include a nitramine, at least one oxidizer selected from nitrates of strontium or cerium, in admixture with or without potassium perchlorate, and a binder. Graphite may optionally be employed. The gas generant compositions are usefully employed in inflatable vehicle occupant passive restraint systems (e.g., air bag systems).
摘要翻译：当点燃时，固体气体发生剂组合物产生低颗粒（例如浓缩灰分）。固体气体发生剂组合物最优选包括硝酸铵，至少一种选自锶或铈的硝酸盐的氧化剂，与或不与高氯酸钾混合，以及粘合剂。可以任选地使用石墨。气体发生剂组合物有用地用于可充气车辆乘员被动约束系统（例如气囊系统）中。

2. 发明授权

US06673172B2 Gas generant compositions exhibiting low autoignition temperatures and methods of generating gases therefrom 有权
标题翻译：显示低自燃温度的气体发生剂组合物和从其中产生气体的方法
公开(公告)号：US06673172B2
公开(公告)日：2004-01-06
申请号：US09849439
申请日：2001-05-07
申请人： Brian K. Wheatley , Aaron J. Greso , Norman H. Lundstrom
发明人： Brian K. Wheatley , Aaron J. Greso , Norman H. Lundstrom
IPC分类号： C06B4300
CPC分类号： C06C9/00 , C06B21/005 , C06B31/12 , C06D5/06
摘要： Gas generant compositions exhibit low autoignition temperatures. In preferred forms, the gas generant compositions include azobisformamidine dinitrate (AZODN) and a eutectic mixture (comelt) of silver nitrate and potassium nitrate. The comelt of silver nitrate and potassium nitrate is most preferably present in the formulations of the invention in an amount to achieve a low autoignition temperature of between about 140° C. (284° F.) to about 160° C. (320° F.). The compositions of the invention may include a variety of auxiliary components typically employed in conventional gas generant compositions for their intended purpose. For example, especially preferred formulations of the present invention will include a powdered metal or metal oxide as a combustion catalyst to speed the decomposition reaction and also as a combustion aid to facilitate the ignition of the primary propellant or gas generant.
摘要翻译：气体发生剂组合物显示低自燃温度。在优选形式中，气体发生剂组合物包括硝酸银和硝酸钾的偶氮二甲脒二硝酸盐（AZODN）和共晶混合物（熔点）。硝酸银和硝酸钾的熔点最优选存在于本发明的制剂中，其用量达到约140℃（284°F）至约160℃的低自燃温度（320°F 。）。本发明的组合物可以包括通常用于其预期目的的常规气体发生剂组合物中的各种辅助组分。例如，本发明的特别优选的配方将包括作为燃烧催化剂的粉末金属或金属氧化物以加速分解反应，并且还可以作为燃烧助剂以促进初级推进剂或气体发生剂的点燃。

3. 发明授权

US6017404A Nonazide ammonium nitrate based gas generant compositions that burn at ambient pressure 有权
标题翻译：在环境压力下燃烧的无氮硝酸铵基气体发生剂组合物
公开(公告)号：US6017404A
公开(公告)日：2000-01-25
申请号：US220015
申请日：1998-12-23
申请人： Norman H. Lundstrom , Robert S. Scheffee , Daniel S. Luke
发明人： Norman H. Lundstrom , Robert S. Scheffee , Daniel S. Luke
IPC分类号： B60R21/26 , B01J7/00 , C06B31/28 , C06B31/30 , C06B31/32 , C06B43/00 , C06D5/00 , C06D5/06 , C06B47/08 , C06B25/34
CPC分类号： C06D5/06 , C06B31/32
摘要： A nonazide gas generant that may be used in an inflation device, such as a vehicle passenger restraint system, comprising a hydrated or anhydrous mixture of nonazide fuel, an oxidizer and a quantity of copper phthalocyanine, otherwise known as Monarch Blue and/or azodicarbonamidine dinitrate. Specifically, the nonazide gas generant composition of the present invention may include phase stabilized ammonium nitrate (PSAN), high bulk density nitroguanidine (HBNQ), one or more nonazide fuels, a quantity of copper phthalocyanine and/or azodicarbonamidine dinitrate and optionally a binder. The gas generant composition of the present invention is capable of self-sustained burning at low or ambient temperatures and pressures, important for use in dual stage "smart" inflator automotive passenger restraint systems, while exhibiting a relatively high gas volume to solid particulate ratio upon combustion at acceptable flame temperatures. The composition also exhibits a tailorable burning rate and properties to preclude catastrophic events during cook off tests.
摘要翻译：可用于充气装置（例如车辆乘客约束系统）中的非偶氮气体发生剂，其包含非叠氮化物燃料，氧化剂和一定数量的铜酞菁的水合或无水混合物，或称为六酰基蓝和/或二硝基二脒二硝酸盐。具体来说，本发明的非偶氮气体发生剂组合物可以包括相稳定化的硝酸铵（PSAN），高堆积密度的硝基胍（HBNQ），一种或多种非叠氮化物燃料，一定量的铜酞菁和/或硝酸偶氮二脒和任选的粘合剂。本发明的气体发生剂组合物能够在低或环境温度和压力下自我持续燃烧，对于双级“智能”充气机汽车乘客约束系统而言是重要的，同时具有相对较高的气体体积与固体颗粒比率在可接受的火焰温度下燃烧。该组合物还表现出可刻划的燃烧速率和性能，以防止烹饪过程中的灾难性事件。

4. 发明授权

US6156137A Gas generative compositions 有权
标题翻译：产气组合物
公开(公告)号：US6156137A
公开(公告)日：2000-12-05
申请号：US434492
申请日：1999-11-05
申请人： Norman H. Lundstrom , Robert S. Scheffee , Aaron J. Gresco
发明人： Norman H. Lundstrom , Robert S. Scheffee , Aaron J. Gresco
IPC分类号： B60R21/26 , C06B25/34 , C06B31/12 , C06D5/00 , C06D5/06 , C06B31/00 , B60R21/28 , C06B33/00 , C06B45/10
CPC分类号： C06B25/34 , C06D5/06
摘要： Gas generative compositions especially useful in inflators for protective passive restraint devices (e.g., motor vehicle air bags, escape slide chutes, lift rafts, and the like) include a nitrogen-containing fuel and an oxidizer selected from copper (II) oxide (CuO), cupric nitrate, basic copper nitrate (Cu(NO.sub.3).sub.2.3Cu(OH.sub.2), strontium nitrate (Sr(NO.sub.3).sub.2) and mixtures thereof. Most preferably the nitrogen-containing fuel is azodicarbonamidine dinitrate (AZODN) and/or 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20). The compositions of the present invention provide high burning rates with acceptable burning rate pressure exponents which allow their operation at lower pressures, thereby resulting in the use of less costly, lower weight, and lower strength materials for design and manufacture of the inflator pressure vessel.
摘要翻译：特别适用于保护性被动约束装置（例如，机动车辆气囊，逃逸滑道，升降筏等）的充气机中的气体发生组合物包括含氮燃料和氧化剂，其选自氧化铜（II）（CuO）硝酸铜，碱式硝酸铜（Cu（NO 3）2.3 Cu（OH 2），硝酸锶（Sr（NO 3）2）及其混合物，最优选的是含氮燃料是偶氮二硝基脒二硝酸盐（AZODN）和/或2,4 ，6,8,10,12-六硝基-2,4,6,8,10,12-六氮杂异纤锌矿型结构烷烃（CL-20）。本发明的组合物提供高燃烧速率和可接受的燃烧速率压力指数，其允许它们的操作在较低的压力下，从而导致使用较便宜的，较低的重量和较低强度的材料用于设计和制造充气机压力容器。

5. 发明授权

US06435552B1 Method for the gas-inflation articles 失效
标题翻译：气体膨胀制品的方法
公开(公告)号：US06435552B1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-20
申请号：US09466776
申请日：1999-12-20
申请人： Norman H. Lundstrom , Aaron J. Greso , Robert S. Scheffee
发明人： Norman H. Lundstrom , Aaron J. Greso , Robert S. Scheffee
IPC分类号： B60R2128
CPC分类号： A62D1/06 , C06B25/34 , C06D5/06 , C07C281/16
摘要： A pyrotechnic gas generant composition includes a high oxygen balance compound or fuel, preferably, azodiformamidine dinitrate, which is the resulting reaction product of an aminoguanidine salt and nitric acid. Specifically, the high oxygen balance compound or fuel of the present invention is the resulting reaction product of aminoguanidine salts, such as aminoguanidine nitrate, aminoguanidine bicarbonate, or aminoguanidine sulfate with nitric acid. Preferably, the aminoguanidine salt is aminoguanidine bicarbonate. The resulting reaction product is a yellow precipitate that can be used alone, with or without oxidizers or other additives, for very rapid self-deflagration or in combination with oxidizers and additives. In each instance, the gas generant composition provides both high gas output and low production of solid combustion products. Further, the precipitant is relatively non-hygroscopic and has a high burn rate. The gas generating composition is useful as a gas generator for an air bag of an occupant restraint system for an automobile, gun propellants, inflation and expulsion devices, flotation devices, pyrotechnics, fire suppression devices and smokeless, reduced smoke and smokey rocket propellants.
摘要翻译：烟火气体发生剂组合物包括高氧余量化合物或燃料，优选硝酸吖啶甲脒，其是所得的氨基胍盐和硝酸的反应产物。具体地说，本发明的高氧平衡化合物或燃料是所得到的氨基胍盐如氨基胍硝酸盐，氨基胍碳酸氢盐或氨基胍硫酸盐与硝酸的反应产物。优选地，氨基胍盐是氨基胍碳酸氢盐。所得反应产物是黄色沉淀物，可以单独使用，具有或不具有氧化剂或其它添加剂，用于非常快速的自燃或与氧化剂和添加剂的组合。在每种情况下，气体发生剂组合物提供高的气体输出和低固体燃烧产物的生产。此外，沉淀剂相对不吸湿并且具有高燃烧率。气体发生剂组合物可用作用于汽车，枪推进剂，膨胀和排出装置，浮选装置，烟火，灭火装置和无烟，减少烟雾和烟雾火箭推进剂的乘员约束系统的气囊的气体发生器。

6. 发明授权

US06143101A Chlorate-free autoignition compositions and methods 有权
标题翻译：无氯酸的自燃组合物和方法
公开(公告)号：US06143101A
公开(公告)日：2000-11-07
申请号：US359048
申请日：1999-07-23
申请人： Norman H. Lundstrom
发明人： Norman H. Lundstrom
IPC分类号： C06B25/34 , C06C9/00 , C06B47/08 , C06B31/00 , C06B31/02 , C06B33/00 , C06B45/10
CPC分类号： C06C9/00 , C06B25/34
摘要： Chlorate-free autoignition compositions are disclosed, and may be embodied in compositions comprised of (i) an azodiformamidine dinitrate (ADFD), a self-deflagrating, low ignition temperature fuel, (ii) an oxidizer (e.g., a perchlorate, nitrate or mixture thereof) and (iii) an ignition accelerator/augmentor (e.g., a metal or metal oxide powder). One especially preferred solid AIP composition in accordance with the present invention includes ADFD, a mixture of ammonium perchlorate and sodium nitrate, an iron oxide powder and a binder, such as a poly(alkylene carbonate).
摘要翻译：公开了无氯酸的自燃组合物，并且可以在由以下组成的组合物中实施：（i）二硝酸二甲脒二硝酸酯（ADFD），自燃性低点燃温度燃料，（ii）氧化剂（例如高氯酸盐，硝酸盐或混合物）和（iii）点火促进剂/增强剂（例如，金属或金属氧化物粉末）。根据本发明的一种特别优选的固体AIP组合物包括ADFD，高氯酸铵和硝酸钠的混合物，氧化铁粉末和粘合剂，例如聚（碳酸亚烷基酯）。

7. 发明授权

US5756929A Nonazide gas generating compositions 失效
标题翻译：非偶氮气产生组合物
公开(公告)号：US5756929A
公开(公告)日：1998-05-26
申请号：US601532
申请日：1996-02-14
申请人： Norman H. Lundstrom , Paresh S. Khandhadia
发明人： Norman H. Lundstrom , Paresh S. Khandhadia
IPC分类号： B60R21/26 , C06B25/00 , C06B41/10 , C06D5/00 , C06D5/06 , C06B47/10 , C06B29/02 , C06B31/02
CPC分类号： C06D5/06
摘要： Multicomponent pyrotechnic gas generating compositions are provided which comprise a single or multiple nonazide fuel. The single and multiple fuels are selected from guanidine, azole, and other high nitrogen aliphatic, aromatic, and/or heterocyclic compounds. The fuels are blended with single and multiple oxidizers. Other materials are added to the compositions for processing, aiding ignition, enhancing ballistics, reducing particulates, and scavenging undesirable gaseous decomposition products. A significant amount of nontoxic gas is formed at acceptable flame temperatures when these compositions are combusted, which allow their use in automotive air bag safety systems.
摘要翻译：提供了包含单一或多个非叠氮化物燃料的多组分烟火产生组合物。单和多种燃料选自胍，唑和其它高氮脂族，芳族和/或杂环化合物。燃料与单个和多个氧化剂混合。将其它材料加入到组合物中用于加工，助燃点火，增强弹道学，还原颗粒和清除不需要的气体分解产物。当这些组合物燃烧时，大量的无毒气体在可接受的火焰温度下形成，这使得它们可用于汽车安全气囊安全系统。

8. 发明授权

US4370181A Pyrotechnic non-azide gas generants based on a non-hydrogen containing tetrazole compound 失效
标题翻译：基于非氢的四唑化合物的烟火非叠氮化物气体发生剂
公开(公告)号：US4370181A
公开(公告)日：1983-01-25
申请号：US221943
申请日：1980-12-31
申请人： Norman H. Lundstrom , Graham C. Shaw
发明人： Norman H. Lundstrom , Graham C. Shaw
IPC分类号： C01B21/02 , C06D5/00 , C06D5/06 , C06B45/00
CPC分类号： C01B21/02 , C06D5/06
摘要： A solid non-azide composition for generating non-toxic nitrogen gas intended for use in the deployment of inflatable safety crash bags for driver and passenger protection in vehicles consists essentially of a non-hydrogen containing tetrazole compound and a non-oxygen containing oxidizer, examples of the tetrazole being di-alkali metal or mono-alkaline earth metal salts of 5,5'-bitetrazole, and examples of the oxidizer being sulfur, molybdenum disulfide, chromium trichloride and iron trifluoride.
摘要翻译：用于产生无毒氮气的固体非叠氮化物组合物主要由不含氢的四唑化合物和不含氧氧化剂组成，用于部署用于驾驶员和旅客保护的充气安全碰撞袋中的无毒氮气的四唑是5,5'-四唑的二碱金属或单碱土金属盐，氧化剂为硫，二硫化钼，三氯化铬和三氟化铁的实例。

9. 发明授权

US6093269A Pyrotechnic gas generant composition including high oxygen balance fuel 失效
标题翻译：烟火发生剂组合物包括高氧平衡燃料
公开(公告)号：US6093269A
公开(公告)日：2000-07-25
申请号：US993882
申请日：1997-12-18
申请人： Norman H. Lundstrom , Aaron J. Greso , Robert S. Scheffee
发明人： Norman H. Lundstrom , Aaron J. Greso , Robert S. Scheffee
IPC分类号： A62D1/00 , C06B25/34 , C06B43/00 , C06B45/10 , C06B49/00 , C06D5/04 , C06D5/06 , C07C281/16 , C06B29/00
CPC分类号： C06D5/06 , C06B25/34 , C07C281/16
摘要： A pyrotechnic gas generant composition including a high oxygen balance compound or fuel which is the resulting reaction product of aminoguanidine nitrate and nitric acid. Specifically, the resulting reaction product is a yellow precipitate that can be used alone, with or without oxidizers or other additives, for very rapid self-deflagration or in combination with oxidizers and additives. In each instance, the gas generant composition provides both high gas output and low production of solid combustion products. Further, the precipitant is relatively non-hygroscopic and has a high burn rate. Specifically, the gas generating composition is useful as a gas generator for an air bag of an occupant restraint system for an automobile, gun propellants, inflation and expulsion devices, flotation devices, pyrotechnics, fire suppression devices and smokeless, reduced smoke and smokey rocket propellants.
摘要翻译：一种包含高氧平衡化合物或燃料的烟火气体发生剂组合物，其是硝酸氨基胍与硝酸的反应产物。具体地说，所得到的反应产物是一种黄色沉淀物，可以单独使用，具有或不具有氧化剂或其它添加剂，用于非常快速的自燃或与氧化剂和添加剂的组合。在每种情况下，气体发生剂组合物提供高的气体输出和低固体燃烧产物的生产。此外，沉淀剂相对不吸湿并且具有高燃烧率。具体地说，气体发生组合物可用作用于汽车乘客约束系统，枪推进剂，充气和排出装置，浮选装置，烟火，灭火装置和无烟，减少烟雾和烟雾火箭推进剂的气囊的气体发生器。

10. 发明授权

US6077371A Gas generants comprising transition metal nitrite complexes 失效
标题翻译：含有过渡金属亚硝酸盐络合物的气体发生剂
公开(公告)号：US6077371A
公开(公告)日：2000-06-20
申请号：US797398
申请日：1997-02-10
申请人： Norman H. Lundstrom , Laurence C. Begin
发明人： Norman H. Lundstrom , Laurence C. Begin
IPC分类号： C06D5/00 , C06B25/00 , C06D5/06 , C06B31/00 , C06B33/00
CPC分类号： C06D5/06 , C06B25/00
摘要： High nitrogen gas generant compositions, useful for inflating passenger restraint gas inflator bags, comprise a nitrogen rich coordination compound selected from coordination complexes comprised of anionic nitro and nitrito ligands coordinated with a transitional metal template, and nonmetallic or nonmetallic/metallic cations. The gas generant compositions generate relatively more gas and less solids, and are safer than known gas generant compositions. Certain gas generant compositions ignite at lower autoignition temperatures thereby facilitating the use of an aluminum or light weight metal pressure vessel. Other gas generants self-deflagrate eliminating the need for other constituents in the composition. Novel methods for the synthesis of nonmetal derivative coordination complexes, guanidine and hydrazine for example, are also presented.
摘要翻译：用于充气乘客约束气体充气机袋的高氮气发生剂组合物包含氮富配位化合物，其选自由与过渡金属模板配位的阴离子硝基和硝基配位体构成的配位络合物，以及非金属或非金属/金属阳离子。气体发生剂组合物产生相对更多的气体和更少的固体，并且比已知的气体发生剂组合物更安全。某些气体发生剂组合物在较低的自燃温度下点燃，从而便于使用铝或轻质金属压力容器。其他气体发生剂自发消除了组合物中其他成分的需要。还提出了用于合成非金属衍生物配位络合物，胍和肼的新方法。

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