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1. 发明申请

US20110150268A1 Perceptual Modeling of Media Signals for Data Hiding 有权
标题翻译：用于数据隐藏的媒体信号的感知建模
公开(公告)号：US20110150268A1
公开(公告)日：2011-06-23
申请号：US12912471
申请日：2010-10-26
申请人： Brett T. Hannigan , Alastair M. Reed , Brett A. Bradley
发明人： Brett T. Hannigan , Alastair M. Reed , Brett A. Bradley
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G06T1/0028 , G06T2201/0051 , H04N1/3216 , H04N1/32165 , H04N1/3217 , H04N1/32187 , H04N1/32192
摘要： The present disclosure relates generally to embedding auxiliary data and data hiding. One claim recites a method including: receiving data representing a media signal; using a programmed electronic processor, calculating perceptibility characteristics of the media signal, in which the perceptibility characteristics include contrast; using a programmed electronic processor, calculating a non-linear contrast to gain mapping using the perceptibility characteristics; using a programmed electronic processor, embedding an auxiliary signal in the media signal with reference to the non-linear contrast to gain mapping. Other claims and combinations are also provided.
摘要翻译：本公开一般涉及嵌入辅助数据和数据隐藏。一个权利要求描述了一种方法，包括：接收表示媒体信号的数据; 使用编程的电子处理器，计算媒体信号的感知特性，其中感知特性包括对比度; 使用编程的电子处理器，计算非线性对比度以使用感知特性来增益映射; 使用编程的电子处理器，参考非线性对比度将增益映射参考在媒体信号中嵌入辅助信号。还提供了其他权利要求和组合。

2. 发明授权

US06631198B1 Perceptual modeling of media signals based on local contrast and directional edges 有权
公开(公告)号：US06631198B1
公开(公告)日：2003-10-07
申请号：US09596658
申请日：2000-06-19
申请人： Brett T. Hannigan , Brett A. Bradley , Alastair M. Reed
发明人： Brett T. Hannigan , Brett A. Bradley , Alastair M. Reed
IPC分类号： G06K900
CPC分类号： G06T1/0028 , G06T2201/0202
摘要： A perceptual model performs an analysis of a media signal, such as an image or audio signal. The model may be used in media signal processing applications such as digital watermarking and data compression to reduce perceptibility of changes made to code the signal. For image applications, the model computes the sensitivity of an image to changes based upon local image contrast, while taking into account the sensitivity of connected directional edges. By comparing the local image strength of various directionally filtered versions of the image, the model creates a directional control vector. This control vector may be used to reduce changes to an image in text and edge regions, and thus, avoid perceptible artifacts in those regions. The model takes into account the local contrast of the image and the directional control vector to create a gain vector. Using the local contrast measurements, the model follows the eye's nonlinear response to contrast discrimination.

3. 发明授权

US08213674B2 Perceptual modeling of media signals for data hiding 有权
标题翻译：用于数据隐藏的媒体信号的感知建模
公开(公告)号：US08213674B2
公开(公告)日：2012-07-03
申请号：US12912471
申请日：2010-10-26
申请人： Brett T. Hannigan , Alastair M. Reed , Brett A. Bradley
发明人： Brett T. Hannigan , Alastair M. Reed , Brett A. Bradley
IPC分类号： G06K9/00 , H04N11/02
CPC分类号： G06T1/0028 , G06T2201/0051 , H04N1/3216 , H04N1/32165 , H04N1/3217 , H04N1/32187 , H04N1/32192
摘要： The present disclosure relates generally to embedding auxiliary data and data hiding. One claim recites a method including: receiving data representing a media signal; using a programmed electronic processor, calculating perceptibility characteristics of the media signal, in which the perceptibility characteristics include contrast; using a programmed electronic processor, calculating a non-linear contrast to gain mapping using the perceptibility characteristics; using a programmed electronic processor, embedding an auxiliary signal in the media signal with reference to the non-linear contrast to gain mapping. Other claims and combinations are also provided.
摘要翻译：本公开一般涉及嵌入辅助数据和数据隐藏。一个权利要求描述了一种方法，包括：接收表示媒体信号的数据; 使用编程的电子处理器，计算媒体信号的感知特性，其中感知特性包括对比度; 使用编程的电子处理器，计算非线性对比度以使用感知特性来增益映射; 使用编程的电子处理器，参考非线性对比度将增益映射参考在媒体信号中嵌入辅助信号。还提供了其他权利要求和组合。

4. 发明授权

US07088844B2 Perceptual modeling of media signals based on local contrast and directional edges 有权
标题翻译：基于局部对比度和方向边缘的媒体信号感知建模
公开(公告)号：US07088844B2
公开(公告)日：2006-08-08
申请号：US10684213
申请日：2003-10-10
申请人： Brett T. Hannigan , Alastair M. Reed , Brett A. Bradley
发明人： Brett T. Hannigan , Alastair M. Reed , Brett A. Bradley
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G06T1/0028 , G06T2201/0051 , H04N1/3216 , H04N1/32165 , H04N1/3217 , H04N1/32187 , H04N1/32192
摘要： A perceptual model performs an analysis of a media signal, such as an image or audio signal. The model may be used in media signal processing applications such as digital watermarking and data compression to reduce perceptibility of changes made to code the signal. In one implementation, a method of reducing human perceptibility of visible artifacts attributable to embedding a digital watermark in a media signal is provided. The method determines a contrast measurement for local areas of the media signal; adjusts a contrast measurement for a local area if the contrast measurement is above a predetermined level; and embeds the digital watermark in the local areas in a manner determined at least in part by their respective contrast measurement.
摘要翻译：感知模型执行诸如图像或音频信号之类的媒体信号的分析。该模型可以用于诸如数字水印和数据压缩之类的媒体信号处理应用中，以减少对对信号进行编码的改变的可见性。在一个实现中，提供了一种降低可归因于在媒体信号中嵌入数字水印的可见伪影的人感知性的方法。该方法确定媒体信号的局部区域的对比度测量; 如果对比度测量高于预定水平，则调整局部区域的对比度测量; 并且以至少部分地通过它们各自的对比度测量确定的方式将数字水印嵌入在局部区域中。

5. 发明授权

US07995790B2 Digital watermark detection using predetermined color projections 有权
标题翻译：使用预定颜色投影的数字水印检测
公开(公告)号：US07995790B2
公开(公告)日：2011-08-09
申请号：US11427265
申请日：2006-06-28
申请人： Alastair M. Reed , Brett T. Hannigan
发明人： Alastair M. Reed , Brett T. Hannigan
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G06T1/0028 , G06T1/0042 , G06T2201/0051 , G06T2201/0065
摘要： The present invention relates to digital watermarking. In one implementation, a system is provided to read a digital watermark from digital imagery which includes data representing a number of pixels. Each pixel of the number of pixels is defined by a set of values representing color components of the particular pixel. The digital watermark is embedded in the digital imagery through modifications to at least some data representing the digital imagery. The system includes a filter to calculate values of pixels along a preferred projection axis, the preferred projection axis corresponds to a direction of embedding determined based on color characteristics of at least some pixels associated with the digital imagery; and a digital watermark reader which operates on values calculated by the filter. Other implementations are provided as well.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及数字水印技术。在一个实现中，提供了一种系统，用于从数字图像读取数字水印，数字图像包括表示多个像素的数据。像素数的每个像素由表示特定像素的颜色分量的一组值定义。通过对代表数字图像的至少一些数据进行修改，将数字水印嵌入到数字图像中。该系统包括用于计算沿着优选投影轴的像素值的滤光器，优选投影轴对应于基于与数字图像相关联的至少一些像素的颜色特性确定的嵌入方向; 以及对由滤波器计算的值进行操作的数字水印读取器。还提供其他实现。

6. 发明申请

US20090207920A1 Perceptual Modeling of Media Signals for Data Hiding 有权
标题翻译：用于数据隐藏的媒体信号的感知建模
公开(公告)号：US20090207920A1
公开(公告)日：2009-08-20
申请号：US12360549
申请日：2009-01-27
申请人： Brett T. Hannigan , Alastair M. Reed , Brett Alan Bradley
发明人： Brett T. Hannigan , Alastair M. Reed , Brett Alan Bradley
IPC分类号： H04N11/04
CPC分类号： G06T1/0028 , G06T2201/0051 , H04N1/3216 , H04N1/32165 , H04N1/3217 , H04N1/32187 , H04N1/32192
摘要： The present invention relates generally to embedding auxiliary data and data hiding. One claim recites a method including: calculating with a processor or electronic circuitry characteristics of a media signal comprising audio or video; based at least in part on calculated characteristics of the media signal, providing a map of the media signal, wherein the map identifies at least one portion of the media signal in which plural-bit data should be steganographically encoded; transforming at least some portions of the media signal into a transform domain; and steganographically encoding with a processor or electronic circuitry auxiliary data in data representing at least the one portion of the media signal in which the plural-bit data should be steganographically encoded, and wherein at least said act of transforming or said act of steganographically encoding utilizes the map of the media signal. Other claims and combinations are also provided.
摘要翻译：本发明一般涉及嵌入辅助数据和数据隐藏。一个要求描述了一种方法，包括：利用包括音频或视频的媒体信号的处理器或电子电路特性进行计算; 至少部分地基于所计算的媒体信号的特性，提供媒体信号的映射，其中，所述映射标识要对其进行隐写编码的多位数据的媒体信号的至少一部分; 将所述媒体信号的至少一些部分转换成变换域; 以及在代表媒体信号的至少一部分的数据中的处理器或电子电路辅助数据的隐写编码，其中多位数据应被隐写编码，并且其中至少所述变换动作或所述隐写编码动作利用媒体信号的地图。还提供了其他权利要求和组合。

7. 发明授权

US06633654B2 Perceptual modeling of media signals based on local contrast and directional edges 有权
标题翻译：基于局部对比度和方向边缘的媒体信号感知建模
公开(公告)号：US06633654B2
公开(公告)日：2003-10-14
申请号：US09737609
申请日：2000-12-13
申请人： Brett T. Hannigan , Alastair M. Reed , Brett Alan Bradley
发明人： Brett T. Hannigan , Alastair M. Reed , Brett Alan Bradley
IPC分类号： G06K900
CPC分类号： G06T1/0028 , G06T2201/0051 , H04N1/3216 , H04N1/32165 , H04N1/3217 , H04N1/32187 , H04N1/32192
摘要： A perceptual model performs an analysis of a media signal, such as an image or audio signal. The model may be used in media signal processing applications such as digital watermarking and data compression to reduce perceptibility of changes made to code the signal. For image applications, the model computes the sensitivity of an image to changes based upon local image contrast, while taking into account the sensitivity of connected directional edges. By comparing the local image strength of various directionally filtered versions of the image, the model creates a directional control vector. This control vector may be used to reduce changes to an image in text and edge regions, and thus, avoid perceptible artifacts in those regions. The model takes into account the local contrast of the image and the directional control vector to create a gain vector. Using the local contrast measurements, the model follows the eye's nonlinear response to contrast discrimination.
摘要翻译：感知模型执行诸如图像或音频信号之类的媒体信号的分析。该模型可以用于诸如数字水印和数据压缩之类的媒体信号处理应用中，以减少对对信号进行编码的改变的可见性。对于图像应用，该模型基于局部图像对比度计算图像的灵敏度，同时考虑连接的方向边缘的灵敏度。通过比较图像的各种定向滤波版本的局部图像强度，模型创建方向控制向量。该控制向量可以用于减少对文本和边缘区域中的图像的改变，并且因此避免那些区域中可感知的伪像。该模型考虑了图像的局部对比度和方向控制矢量以产生增益矢量。使用局部对比度测量，该模型遵循眼睛对比度辨别的非线性响应。

8. 发明授权

US07822226B2 Perceptual modeling of media signals for data hiding 有权
标题翻译：用于数据隐藏的媒体信号的感知建模
公开(公告)号：US07822226B2
公开(公告)日：2010-10-26
申请号：US12360549
申请日：2009-01-27
申请人： Brett T. Hannigan , Alastair M. Reed , Brett Alan Bradley
发明人： Brett T. Hannigan , Alastair M. Reed , Brett Alan Bradley
IPC分类号： G06K9/00 , H04N11/02
CPC分类号： G06T1/0028 , G06T2201/0051 , H04N1/3216 , H04N1/32165 , H04N1/3217 , H04N1/32187 , H04N1/32192
摘要： The present invention relates generally to embedding auxiliary data and data hiding. One claim recites a method including: calculating with a processor or electronic circuitry characteristics of a media signal comprising audio or video; based at least in part on calculated characteristics of the media signal, providing a map of the media signal, wherein the map identifies at least one portion of the media signal in which plural-bit data should be steganographically encoded; transforming at least some portions of the media signal into a transform domain; and steganographically encoding with a processor or electronic circuitry auxiliary data in data representing at least the one portion of the media signal in which the plural-bit data should be steganographically encoded, and wherein at least said act of transforming or said act of steganographically encoding utilizes the map of the media signal. Other claims and combinations are also provided.
摘要翻译：本发明一般涉及嵌入辅助数据和数据隐藏。一个要求描述了一种方法，包括：利用包括音频或视频的媒体信号的处理器或电子电路特性进行计算; 至少部分地基于所计算的媒体信号的特性，提供媒体信号的映射，其中，所述映射标识要对其进行隐写编码的多位数据的媒体信号的至少一部分; 将所述媒体信号的至少一些部分转换成变换域; 以及在代表媒体信号的至少一部分的数据中的处理器或电子电路辅助数据的隐写编码，其中多位数据应被隐写编码，并且其中至少所述变换动作或所述隐写编码动作利用媒体信号的地图。还提供了其他权利要求和组合。

9. 发明授权

US07218751B2 Generating super resolution digital images 有权
标题翻译：生成超分辨率数字图像
公开(公告)号：US07218751B2
公开(公告)日：2007-05-15
申请号：US09895063
申请日：2001-06-29
申请人： Alastair M. Reed , Brett T. Hannigan
发明人： Alastair M. Reed , Brett T. Hannigan
IPC分类号： G06H9/00
CPC分类号： G06T3/4015 , G06K9/00 , G06T3/4007
摘要： Slight camera movement between capture of successive images is advantageously utilized to minimize or eliminate the need to interpolate in order to fill in the “holes” in a Bayer pattern. The captured color values from multiple appropriately positioned images are used to fill these holes. For example, instead of interpolating the value of red for the second pixel position on the first row of a Bayer pattern, an image is selected which is positioned one pixel to the right of the first image, and the red vales from this image are used for the red values of the second pixel on the first line. Values of the pixels in multiple images which are appropriately aligned to each pixel position are averaged to generate a better value for each pixel position. Information carried by a digital watermark (either alone or together with other techniques) is used to determine the alignment of the images. Images are selected which are positioned so that corresponding pixels fall within a specified tolerance from a location in a Bayer pattern. The pixel values of the images which fall within the specified tolerance of each pixel position in a Bayer pattern are selected and used for the alignment.
摘要翻译：有利地利用连续图像的拍摄之间的轻微的相机移动来最小化或消除内插的需要，以填充拜耳图案中的“孔”。来自多个适当定位的图像的捕获的颜色值用于填充这些孔。例如，代替内插Bayer图案的第一行上的第二像素位置的红色值，选择位于第一图像右侧一个像素的图像，并且使用来自该图像的红色值对于第一行上第二个像素的红色值。对与每个像素位置适当对齐的多个图像中的像素的值进行平均以为每个像素位置产生更好的值。使用数字水印（单独或与其他技术一起）携带的信息来确定图像的对准。被选择的图像被定位成使得相应的像素落在从拜耳图案中的位置指定的公差范围内。落在拜耳图案中的每个像素位置的指定公差内的图像的像素值被选择并用于对准。

10. 发明授权

US08144368B2 Automated methods for distinguishing copies from original printed objects 有权
标题翻译：用于区分副本和原始打印对象的自动方法
公开(公告)号：US08144368B2
公开(公告)日：2012-03-27
申请号：US10723181
申请日：2003-11-26
申请人： Tony F. Rodriguez , Alastair M. Reed , Ravi K. Sharma , Osama M. Alattar , Brett T. Hannigan , Kenneth L. Levy , Hugh L. Brunk , Geoffrey B. Rhoads , Ammon E. Gustafson
发明人： Tony F. Rodriguez , Alastair M. Reed , Ravi K. Sharma , Osama M. Alattar , Brett T. Hannigan , Kenneth L. Levy , Hugh L. Brunk , Geoffrey B. Rhoads , Ammon E. Gustafson
IPC分类号： H04N1/40 , G06K9/00
CPC分类号： H04N1/32149 , B29C45/1418 , B42D25/29 , G06T1/0021 , G06T7/0002 , G06T2201/0064 , G06T2207/30144 , G07D7/0034 , G07D7/004 , H04N1/00002 , H04N1/00005 , H04N1/00037 , H04N1/00092 , H04N1/32208 , H04N1/32219 , H04N1/32261 , H04N1/32304 , H04N1/32309 , H04N2201/3205 , H04N2201/3207 , H04N2201/3226 , H04N2201/3233 , H04N2201/3239 , H04N2201/327 , H04N2201/3271
摘要： This disclosure describes methods for using embedded auxiliary signals in documents for copy detection and other applications. In on application, the auxiliary signal is formed as an array of elements selected from a set of print structures with properties that change differently in response to copy operations. These changes in properties of the print structures that carry the embedded auxiliary signal are automatically detectable. For example, the changes make the embedded auxiliary signal more or less detectable. The extent to which the auxiliary data is detected forms a detection metric used in combination with one or more other metrics to differentiate copies from originals. Examples of sets of properties of the print structures that change differently in response to copy operations include sets of colors (including different types of inks), sets of screens or dot structures that have varying dot gain, sets of structures with different aliasing effects, etc. Robust and fragile watermarks are used in Image Replacement Documents for a variety of applications. Digital watermarks act as on-board mediators in authentication of a variety of printed documents. Finally, digital watermarks are used to help manage quality of the scanners used in imaging systems.
摘要翻译：本公开描述了在用于复制检测和其他应用的文档中使用嵌入式辅助信号的方法。在应用中，辅助信号被形成为从一组打印结构中选择的元素的阵列，其具有响应于复制操作而改变的属性。携带嵌入式辅助信号的打印结构的这些属性变化可以自动检测。例如，这些改变使得嵌入式辅助信号或多或少被检测出来。检测辅助数据的程度形成与一个或多个其他度量结合使用的检测度量，以区分副本与原件。对于复制操作而改变不同的打印结构的属性集合的示例包括具有不同的点增益的颜色（包括不同类型的墨水），屏幕或点结构的集合，具有不同混叠效果的结构集合等图像替换文档中使用了强大而脆弱的水印，用于各种应用。数字水印作为各种印刷文件认证中的板载介质。最后，数字水印用于帮助管理成像系统中使用的扫描仪的质量。

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