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1. 发明授权

US5712890A Full breast digital mammography device 失效
标题翻译：全乳房数字乳腺X线摄影装置
公开(公告)号：US5712890A
公开(公告)日：1998-01-27
申请号：US622053
申请日：1996-03-26
申请人： Brett Spivey , Jean-Marie Tran , Lee Morsell , George Houghton , Steve Horton , Peter Martin
发明人： Brett Spivey , Jean-Marie Tran , Lee Morsell , George Houghton , Steve Horton , Peter Martin
IPC分类号： A61B6/00 , A61B6/03 , A61B6/04
CPC分类号： A61B6/502 , A61B6/032 , A61B6/0414 , A61B6/4233 , A61B6/4452 , A61B6/5241
摘要： The invention provides a digital x-ray mammography device capable of imaging a full breast. A movable aperture coupled with a movable x-ray image detector permits x-ray image data to be obtained with respect to partially overlapping x-ray beam paths from an x-ray source passing through a human breast. A digital computer programmed with a stitching algorithm produces a composite image of the breast from the image data obtained with respect to each path. In a preferred embodiment, a Schmidt camera images visible light produced at an x-ray to visible light conversion surface onto a digital detector array to produce an overlapping image pane with respect to each overlapping beam path.
摘要翻译：本发明提供一种能够对完整乳房进行成像的数字X射线乳腺摄影装置。与可移动X射线图像检测器耦合的可移动孔径允许从穿过人乳房的x射线源部分重叠的x射线束路径获得X射线图像数据。用拼接算法编程的数字计算机根据从每个路径获得的图像数据产生乳房的合成图像。在优选实施例中，施密特照相机将在x射线处产生的可见光成像到可见光转换表面到数字检测器阵列上，以产生相对于每个重叠光束路径的重叠图像窗格。

2. 发明授权

US5886353A Imaging device 失效
标题翻译：成像设备
公开(公告)号：US5886353A
公开(公告)日：1999-03-23
申请号：US668432
申请日：1996-06-18
申请人： Brett Spivey , Peter Martin , A. Lee Morsell , Eugene Atlas , Anthony Pellegrino
发明人： Brett Spivey , Peter Martin , A. Lee Morsell , Eugene Atlas , Anthony Pellegrino
IPC分类号： H01L27/14 , A61B6/00 , G01T1/24 , H01L27/146 , H04N5/32
CPC分类号： A61B6/505 , A61B6/4233 , A61B6/482 , A61B6/502 , H01L27/146 , H01L27/14658 , H04N5/32 , H04N5/367 , A61B6/4035 , A61B6/4291
摘要： An imaging device for producing images from electron-hole producing radiation. Electron-hole pairs are produced in a radiation absorbing layer comprised of a photoconductive material. This layer covers an array of metal oxide semiconductor pixel circuits which are incorporated into and on a crystalline semiconductor substrate. Each pixel circuit has a charge collecting pixel electrode, a capacitor connected to the electrode to store the charges and a charge measuring transistor circuit. A voltage source provides an electric field across the radiation absorbing layer between the pixel electrodes and a radiation transparent surface electrode covering the radiation absorbing layer. A data acquisition system acquires and stores data derived from charge measurements and in a preferred embodiment a computer computes images from the data. The image may be displayed on a monitor or printed out on a printer. Preferred embodiments provide images from x-ray, ultraviolet and visible light.
摘要翻译：一种用于从电子空穴产生辐射产生图像的成像装置。在由光电导材料构成的辐射吸收层中产生电子 - 空穴对。该层覆盖结合到晶体半导体衬底中和晶体半导体衬底上的金属氧化物半导体像素电路阵列。每个像素电路具有电荷收集像素电极，连接到电极以存储电荷的电容器和电荷测量晶体管电路。电压源在像素电极和覆盖辐射吸收层的辐射透明表面电极之间的辐射吸收层两端提供电场。数据采集系统获取并存储从电荷测量得到的数据，在优选实施例中，计算机从数据中计算图像。图像可能会显示在显示器上或打印在打印机上。优选实施例提供来自X射线，紫外线和可见光的图像。

3. 发明授权

US5528043A X-ray image sensor 失效
标题翻译： X射线图像传感器
公开(公告)号：US5528043A
公开(公告)日：1996-06-18
申请号：US426691
申请日：1995-04-21
申请人： Brett Spivey , Peter Martin , Lee Morsell , Eugene Atlas , Anthony Pellegrino
发明人： Brett Spivey , Peter Martin , Lee Morsell , Eugene Atlas , Anthony Pellegrino
IPC分类号： A61B6/00 , H01L27/146 , H04N5/32 , G01T1/24 , H01L27/14
CPC分类号： H04N5/367 , A61B6/4233 , A61B6/482 , A61B6/502 , A61B6/505 , H01L27/146 , H01L27/14658 , H04N5/32 , A61B6/4035
摘要： This invention provides an imaging system for producing images from electromagnetic radiation such as x-rays. The system includes a detector comprised of a radiation-absorbing layer sandwiched between an array of CMOS integrated circuits (which we call pixel circuits) and a surface electrode layer transparent to the radiation. Each of the pixel circuits in the array has a charge collecting electrode. An external voltage applied between the surface electrode layer and the charge collecting electrodes produces an electric field across the thickness of the absorbing layer. Radiation passing through the transparent surface electrode layer is absorbed in the absorbing layer creating electron/hole pairs in the absorbing layer. A portion of the liberated holes (or electrons) migrates under the influence of the electric field toward the charge collecting electrodes, which collect the holes and store them as charges on small capacitors located within each circuit. This process results in a discrete distribution of stored voltages across the array proportional to the distribution of radiation photons incident on the absorbing layer. Circuitry in each pixel provides for the voltage on each pixel capacitor to be recorded via readout circuitry and permits the resetting of the pixel capacitors. Preferred embodiments provide fine resolution with a large number of pixels with dimensions about the size of the thickness of human hair.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种用于从诸如x射线的电磁辐射产生图像的成像系统。该系统包括由夹在CMOS集成电路阵列之间的辐射吸收层（我们称之为像素电路）和对辐射透明的表面电极层的检测器。阵列中的每个像素电路具有电荷收集电极。施加在表面电极层和电荷收集电极之间的外部电压在吸收层的厚度上产生电场。通过透明表面电极层的辐射被吸收层吸收，从而在吸收层中产生电子/空穴对。释放的空穴（或电子）的一部分在电场的影响下迁移到电荷收集电极，电荷收集电极收集空穴并将它们作为电荷存储在位于每个电路内的小电容器上。该过程导致阵列上存储的电压的离散分布与入射在吸收层上的辐射光子的分布成比例。每个像素中的电路提供通过读出电路记录的每个像素电容器上的电压，并允许像素电容器的复位。优选实施例提供具有大约人头发厚度尺寸的大量像素的精细分辨率。

4. 发明授权

US5998794A Prevention of photoelectric conversion layer contamination in an imaging device 失效
标题翻译：防止成像装置中的光电转换层污染
公开(公告)号：US5998794A
公开(公告)日：1999-12-07
申请号：US947380
申请日：1997-10-08
申请人： Brett Spivey , Paul Johnson , Lee Morsell , Peter Martin
发明人： Brett Spivey , Paul Johnson , Lee Morsell , Peter Martin
IPC分类号： H01L27/146 , G01T1/24
CPC分类号： H01L27/14634 , H01L27/1465
摘要： A semiconductor imaging device comprising MOS or CMOS pixel circuits having pixel pads separated by insulating material and having a conductive migration blocking layer applied over the pixel pads. The conductive migration blocking layer comprises an electrically conductive material that is inert with respect to selected photoelectric conversion layer materials, and may be formed as individual contacts, or formed as a deposited layer and etched to form distinct pixels covering the underlying pixel pad material. Thereafter, a photoelectric conversion layer is applied over the migration blocking layer material. The basic device is completed by applying a field electrode layer over the photoelectric conversion layer.
摘要翻译：一种半导体成像装置，包括MOS或CMOS像素电路，其具有由绝缘材料分隔并具有施加在像素焊盘上的导电迁移阻挡层的像素焊盘。导电迁移阻挡层包括相对于所选择的光电转换层材料为惰性的导电材料，并且可以形成为单独的触点，或形成为沉积层，并被蚀刻以形成覆盖下面的像素焊盘材料的不同的像素。此后，在迁移阻挡层材料上施加光电转换层。通过在光电转换层上施加场电极层来完成基本装置。

5. 发明授权

US6163030A MOS imaging device 失效
标题翻译： MOS成像装置
公开(公告)号：US6163030A
公开(公告)日：2000-12-19
申请号：US42485
申请日：1998-03-16
申请人： Paul Johnson , Brett Spivey , Lee Morsell , Peter Martin
发明人： Paul Johnson , Brett Spivey , Lee Morsell , Peter Martin
IPC分类号： H01L27/146 , G01T1/24
CPC分类号： H01L27/14687 , H01L27/1463 , H01L27/14643 , H01L27/14665
摘要： A solid state radiation detection unit for producing pixel data from electron-hole producing radiation using a photoelectric conversion layer. One aspect of the invention includes a photoelectric conversion layer that is deposited in direct contact with an array of doped semiconductor pixel contacts. Another aspect of the invention uses a buried field electrode formed within a photoelectric conversion layer. The two inventive concepts can be used separately or combined in a single embodiment.
摘要翻译：一种固态放射线检测单元，用于使用光电转换层从产生电子发射的辐射产生像素数据。本发明的一个方面包括与掺杂半导体像素触点阵列直接接触沉积的光电转换层。本发明的另一方面使用形成在光电转换层内的掩埋场电极。两个发明构思可以在单个实施例中单独使用或组合使用。

6. 发明申请

US20080153105A1 Optical sensor and methods for measuring molecular binding interactions 审中-公开
标题翻译：光学传感器和测量分子结合相互作用的方法
公开(公告)号：US20080153105A1
公开(公告)日：2008-06-26
申请号：US10631592
申请日：2003-07-30
申请人： Peter Martin , Keiki-Pau Dancil , Arthur Lee Morsell , Hus Tigli
发明人： Peter Martin , Keiki-Pau Dancil , Arthur Lee Morsell , Hus Tigli
IPC分类号： G01N33/53 , C12M3/00 , G06F19/00
CPC分类号： G01N33/552 , G01N21/84 , G01N33/54373
摘要： Methods and devices for the measurement of molecular binding interactions. Preferred embodiments provide real-time measurements of kinetic binding and disassociation of molecules including binding and disassociation of protein molecules with other protein molecules and with other molecules. In preferred embodiments ligands are immobilized within pores of a porous silicon interaction region produced in a silicon substrate, after which analytes suspended in a fluid are flowed over the porous silicon region. Binding reactions occur when analyte molecules diffuse closely enough to the ligands to become bound. Preferably the binding and subsequent disassociation reactions are observed utilizing a white light source and thin film interference techniques with spectrometers arranged to detect changes in indices of refraction in the region where the binding and disassociation reactions occur. In preferred embodiments both ligands and analytes are delivered by computer controlled robotic fluid flow control techniques to the porous silicon interaction regions through microfluidic flow channels.
摘要翻译：用于测量分子结合相互作用的方法和装置。优选的实施方案提供动力学结合和分离的实时测量，包括蛋白质分子与其它蛋白质分子和其它分子的结合和解离。在优选的实施方案中，将配体固定在硅衬底中产生的多孔硅相互作用区域的孔内，之后悬浮在流体中的分析物流过多孔硅区域。结合反应发生在分析物分子向配体扩散得足够接近以成为结合物时。优选地，使用白光源和薄膜干涉技术观察结合和随后的分离反应，其中光谱仪布置成检测发生结合和解离反应的区域中的折射指数的变化。在优选实施方案中，配体和分析物通过计算机控制的机器人流体控制技术通过微流体流动通道传递到多孔硅相互作用区域。

7. 发明授权

US07177390B2 Digital x-ray tomosynthesis system 失效
标题翻译：数字X射线断层合成系统
公开(公告)号：US07177390B2
公开(公告)日：2007-02-13
申请号：US11077666
申请日：2005-03-10
申请人： Peter Martin , Brett Spivey
发明人： Peter Martin , Brett Spivey
IPC分类号： G01N23/00
CPC分类号： A61B6/4441 , A61B6/025 , A61B6/4405 , A61B6/466 , A61B6/587 , A61B6/588 , G01N23/044 , G01N2223/419
摘要： Method and device for digital x-ray tomosynthesis. Tomographic and/or three-dimensional images of an object are obtained with an x-ray source and a digital x-ray image sensor. The source, object and sensor are positioned relative to each other and attenuation data is obtained for a large number of rays of x-radiation through the object. A special algorithm is provided to convert the data into images. To calculate the images the algorithm uses iterative processes with a least squares type technique but with generalized (as opposed to specific) functions. The algorithm solves for the functions which are the images. Preferred embodiments include a system having an x-ray point source with a cone of diverging x-rays, a two-dimensional digital x-ray image sensor, two linear translation stages to independently move both the x-ray source and the digital x-ray image sensor, two rotation mechanisms to rotate the two linear translation stages, a microprocessor to control the data acquisition, and a computer programmed with a special algorithm to calculate the tomographic images. A plurality of sets of digital data (representing x-ray algorithm images of an object) are acquired by the digital x-ray image sensor, with the x-ray source and the digital x-ray image sensor located at different positions and angles relative to the object. The digital data representing the x-ray attenuation images is stored in the computer. Special mathematical algorithms then compute multiple images of the object using the acquired digital data. These images could include multiple tomographic images, a three-dimensional image, or a multiple three-dimensional images.
摘要翻译：数字X射线断层合成的方法和装置。使用x射线源和数字X射线图像传感器获得物体的层析和/或三维图像。源，物体和传感器相对于彼此定位，并且通过物体获得大量x辐射的光线的衰减数据。提供了一种特殊的算法来将数据转换为图像。为了计算图像，该算法使用具有最小二乘法技术的迭代过程，但是具有广义（与特定）功能相反。该算法解决了作为图像的功能。优选实施例包括具有具有发散x射线的锥体的x射线点源的系统，二维数字X射线图像传感器，用于独立地移动x射线源和数字x射线源的两个线性平移级，射线图像传感器，旋转两个线性转换阶段的两个旋转机构，一个微处理器来控制数据采集，以及一台用特殊算法编程的计算机来计算断层图像。多个数字数据组（表示对象的x射线算法图像）由数字X射线图像传感器获取，x射线源和数字X射线图像传感器位于不同的位置和角度相对对象。表示X射线衰减图像的数字数据被存储在计算机中。然后，特殊的数学算法使用所获取的数字数据来计算对象的多个图像。这些图像可以包括多个断层图像，三维图像或多个三维图像。

8. 发明申请

US20050226369A1 Digital x-ray tomosynthesis system 失效
标题翻译：数字X射线断层合成系统
公开(公告)号：US20050226369A1
公开(公告)日：2005-10-13
申请号：US11077666
申请日：2005-03-10
申请人： Peter Martin , Brett Spivey
发明人： Peter Martin , Brett Spivey
IPC分类号： A61B6/00 , A61B6/03 , G01N23/00 , G01N23/04 , G21K1/12 , H05G1/60
CPC分类号： A61B6/4441 , A61B6/025 , A61B6/4405 , A61B6/466 , A61B6/587 , A61B6/588 , G01N23/044 , G01N2223/419
摘要： Method and device for digital x-ray tomosynthesis. Tomographic and/or three-dimensional images of an object are obtained with an x-ray source and a digital x-ray image sensor. The source, object and sensor are positioned relative to each other and attenuation data is obtained for a large number of rays of x-radiation through the object. A special algorithm is provided to convert the data into images. To calculate the images the algorithm uses iterative processes with a least squares type technique but with generalized (as opposed to specific) functions. The algorithm solves for the functions which are the images. Preferred embodiments include a system having an x-ray point source with a cone of diverging x-rays, a two-dimensional digital x-ray image sensor, two linear translation stages to independently move both the x-ray source and the digital x-ray image sensor, two rotation mechanisms to rotate the two linear translation stages, a microprocessor to control the data acquisition, and a computer programmed with a special algorithm to calculate the tomographic images. A plurality of sets of digital data (representing x-ray algorithm images of an object) are acquired by the digital x-ray image sensor, with the x-ray source and the digital x-ray image sensor located at different positions and angles relative to the object. The digital data representing the x-ray attenuation images is stored in the computer. Special mathematical algorithms then compute multiple images of the object using the acquired digital data. These images could include multiple tomographic images, a three-dimensional image, or a multiple three-dimensional images.
摘要翻译：数字X射线断层合成的方法和装置。使用x射线源和数字X射线图像传感器获得物体的层析和/或三维图像。源，物体和传感器相对于彼此定位，并且通过物体获得大量x辐射的光线的衰减数据。提供了一种特殊的算法来将数据转换为图像。为了计算图像，该算法使用具有最小二乘法技术的迭代过程，但是具有广义（与特定）功能相反。该算法解决了作为图像的功能。优选实施例包括具有具有发散x射线的锥体的x射线点源的系统，二维数字X射线图像传感器，用于独立地移动x射线源和数字x射线源的两个线性平移级，射线图像传感器，旋转两个线性转换阶段的两个旋转机构，一个微处理器来控制数据采集，以及一台用特殊算法编程的计算机来计算断层图像。多个数字数据组（表示对象的x射线算法图像）由数字X射线图像传感器获取，x射线源和数字X射线图像传感器位于不同的位置和角度相对对象。表示X射线衰减图像的数字数据被存储在计算机中。然后，特殊的数学算法使用所获取的数字数据来计算对象的多个图像。这些图像可以包括多个断层图像，三维图像或多个三维图像。

9. 发明授权

US07517656B2 Optical sensor and methods for measuring molecular binding interactions 有权
标题翻译：光学传感器和测量分子结合相互作用的方法
公开(公告)号：US07517656B2
公开(公告)日：2009-04-14
申请号：US10616251
申请日：2003-07-08
申请人： Peter Martin , Keiki-Pua Dancil , Arthur Lee Morsell , Hus Tigli
发明人： Peter Martin , Keiki-Pua Dancil , Arthur Lee Morsell , Hus Tigli
IPC分类号： C12M1/34
CPC分类号： B01L3/502753 , B01L3/5023 , B01L3/5025 , B01L3/502715 , B01L3/502746 , B01L2300/0654 , B01L2300/0816 , B01L2300/0867 , B01L2400/0487 , B01L2400/0655 , G01N21/77 , G01N33/552 , G01N2021/752 , G01N2021/755 , G01N2021/757 , G01N2021/758 , G01N2021/7779 , G01N2021/7796 , G01N2035/0097 , Y10S435/808
摘要： Methods and devices for the measurement of molecular binding interactions. Preferred embodiments provide real-time measurements of kinetic binding and disassociation of molecules including binding and disassociation of protein molecules with other protein molecules and with other molecules. In preferred embodiments ligands are immobilized within pores of a porous silicon interaction region produced in a silicon substrate, after which analytes suspended in a fluid are flowed over the porous silicon region. Binding reactions occur when analyte molecules diffuse closely enough to the ligands to become bound. Preferably the binding and subsequent disassociation reactions are observed utilizing a white light source and thin film interference techniques with spectrometers arranged to detect changes in indices of refraction in the region where the binding and disassociation reactions occur. In preferred embodiments both ligands and analytes are delivered by computer controlled robotic fluid flow control techniques to the porous silicon interaction regions through microfluidic flow channels.
摘要翻译：用于测量分子结合相互作用的方法和装置。优选的实施方案提供动力学结合和分离的实时测量，包括蛋白质分子与其它蛋白质分子和其它分子的结合和解离。在优选的实施方案中，将配体固定在硅衬底中产生的多孔硅相互作用区域的孔内，之后悬浮在流体中的分析物流过多孔硅区域。结合反应发生在分析物分子向配体扩散得足够接近以成为结合物时。优选地，使用白光源和薄膜干涉技术观察结合和随后的分离反应，其中光谱仪布置成检测发生结合和解离反应的区域中的折射指数的变化。在优选实施方案中，配体和分析物通过计算机控制的机器人流体控制技术通过微流体流动通道传递到多孔硅相互作用区域。

10. 发明授权

US10662096B2 Wastewater treatment system with vertical tubes and method thereof 有权
公开(公告)号：US10662096B2
公开(公告)日：2020-05-26
申请号：US16374062
申请日：2019-04-03
申请人： Scott Wolcott , Lee Newman , Peter Martin , Joshua Goldowitz
发明人： Scott Wolcott , Lee Newman , Peter Martin , Joshua Goldowitz
IPC分类号： C02F3/10 , C02F3/32 , C02F101/16 , C02F103/00 , C02F101/10
摘要： A wastewater treatment system, including: an equalization tank arranged to receive wastewater; a flow tube including an interior space bounded by at least one side wall of the flow tube; a plurality of media particles disposed within the interior space; and a pump arranged to pump the wastewater from the equalization tank to the flow tube. The plurality of media particles has a mean diameter of at least 4 millimeters. The wastewater is arranged to drain to the equalization tank through the plurality of media particles and the interior space. The flow tube is arranged to reduce a concentration of an organic contaminant in the wastewater.

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