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    • 4. 发明申请
    • ELECTROCHEMICAL PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN
    • 电化学生产
    • US20120175268A1
    • 2012-07-12
    • US13349269
    • 2012-01-12
    • Ashok JoshiSai Bhavaraju
    • Ashok JoshiSai Bhavaraju
    • C25B1/02C25B9/08C25B15/00
    • C25B1/10C25B1/04C25B1/20C25B1/24C25B9/08C25B9/10C25B13/04C25B15/08Y02E60/366Y02P20/134
    • Electrochemical systems and methods for producing hydrogen. Generally, the systems and methods involve providing an electrochemical cell that includes an anolyte compartment holding an anode in contact with an anolyte, wherein the anolyte includes an oxidizable substance having a higher standard oxidation potential than water. The cell further comprises a catholyte compartment holding a cathode in contact with a catholyte that includes a substance that reduces to form hydrogen. Additionally, the cell includes an alkali cation conductive membrane that separates the anolyte compartment from the catholyte compartment. As an electrical potential passes between the anode and cathode, the reducible substance reduces to form hydrogen and the oxidizable substance oxidizes to form an oxidized product.
    • 电化学系统和生产氢的方法。 通常,所述系统和方法涉及提供一种电化学电池,其包括阳极电解液室,其阳极与阳极电解液接触,其中所述阳极电解质包括具有比水更高的标准氧化电位的可氧化物质。 电池进一步包括阴极电解室,其阴极与阴极电解液接触,阴极电解液包括减少形成氢的物质。 此外,电池包括将阳极电解液室与阴极电解液隔室分离的碱性阳离子导电膜。 当电极通过阳极和阴极之间时,可还原物质减少形成氢气,可氧化物质氧化形成氧化产物。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Method and system for controlling recovery downtime
    • 控制恢复停机时间的方法和系统
    • US06351754B1
    • 2002-02-26
    • US09103630
    • 1998-06-23
    • William H. Bridge, Jr.Boris KlotsJuan R. LoaizaAshok Joshi
    • William H. Bridge, Jr.Boris KlotsJuan R. LoaizaAshok Joshi
    • G06F1730
    • G06F11/1461G06F11/1471G06F2201/80Y10S707/99938Y10S707/99953
    • A method and system for reducing overhead associated with recovering after a failure. According to the method, a checkpoint value is maintained that indicates which records of a plurality of records have to be processed after the failure. The plurality of records contain change information that corresponds to a plurality of data blocks. A target checkpoint value is determined based on a desired number of data block reads that will be required during a redo phase of recovery. Changes contained in volatile memory are then written to nonvolatile memory to advance the checkpoint value to at least the target checkpoint value. According to another aspect of the invention, the target checkpoint value is determined using a circular queue of offset buckets. The offset buckets are used to store index values that are associated with buffers in the ordered list. The target checkpoint value is periodically set equal to an index value that is contained in an offset bucket. According to another aspect of the invention, the target checkpoint value is determined by calculating a maximum number of records that should be processed after the failure. The maximum number of records is based on the desired number of data block reads that will be required during the redo phase of the recovery. The target checkpoint value is updated based on the maximum number of records.
    • 一种降低与故障恢复相关的开销的方法和系统。 根据该方法,维护检查点值,其指示在故障之后必须处理多个记录的哪些记录。 多个记录包含对应于多个数据块的改变信息。 基于在恢复的重做阶段将需要的数据块读取的期望数目来确定目标检查点值。 随后将易失性存储器中的变更写入非易失性存储器,将检查点值提升至至少目标检查点值。 根据本发明的另一方面,使用偏移桶的圆形队列来确定目标检查点值。 偏移量桶用于存储与排序列表中的缓冲区相关联的索引值。 目标检查点值周期性设置为等于包含在偏移量桶中的索引值。 根据本发明的另一方面,通过计算在故障之后应该处理的最大记录数来确定目标检查点值。 记录的最大数量是基于恢复重做阶段所需要的数据块读取所需的数量。 基于记录的最大数量更新目标检查点值。