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1. 发明授权

US07433806B2 Band model method for modeling atmospheric propagation at arbitrarily fine spectral resolution 有权
标题翻译：用于在任意精细光谱分辨率下建模大气传播的带模型方法
公开(公告)号：US07433806B2
公开(公告)日：2008-10-07
申请号：US09838801
申请日：2001-04-20
申请人： Alexander Berk , Prabhat K. Acharya , Lawrence S. Bernstein , Gail P. Anderson , Paul Lewis , James H. Chetwynd , Michael L. Hoke
发明人： Alexander Berk , Prabhat K. Acharya , Lawrence S. Bernstein , Gail P. Anderson , Paul Lewis , James H. Chetwynd , Michael L. Hoke
IPC分类号： G06G7/48 , G06K9/40 , G01N30/90 , G01N21/62 , G01N1/22
CPC分类号： G01N21/3504 , Y10T436/25875
摘要： A radiative transport band model algorithm has been developed for prediction and analysis of high spectral resolution radiometric measurements. Atomic and molecular line center absorption is determined from finite spectral bin equivalent widths. A new mathematically exact expansion for finite bin equivalent widths provides high accuracy at any desired spectral resolution. The temperature and pressure dependent Voigt line tail spectral absorption contributing to each spectral bin is pre-computed and fit to Padé approximants for rapid and accurate accounting of neighboring-to-distant lines.
摘要翻译：已经开发了用于预测和分析高光谱分辨率辐射测量的辐射传输带模型算法。原子和分子线中心吸收由有限光谱仓当量宽度确定。对于有限bin等效宽度的新的数学精确扩展在任何期望的光谱分辨率下提供高精度。预先计算出对每个谱仓有贡献的温度和压力相关的Voigt线尾光谱吸收，并适合Padé近似值，以快速准确计算邻近到远距离的线。

2. 发明授权

US5884226A System and method for modelling moderate resolution atmospheric propagation 失效
标题翻译：用于建模中等分辨率大气传播的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US5884226A
公开(公告)日：1999-03-16
申请号：US867966
申请日：1997-06-03
申请人： Gail P. Anderson , James H. Chetwynd , Lawrence S. Bernstein , Alexander Berk , Prabhat K. Acharya , David C. Robertson , Eric P. Shettle
发明人： Gail P. Anderson , James H. Chetwynd , Lawrence S. Bernstein , Alexander Berk , Prabhat K. Acharya , David C. Robertson , Eric P. Shettle
IPC分类号： G01N21/53 , G01N33/00 , G06F169/00
CPC分类号： G01N21/538
摘要： Recent upgrades to the MOTRAN atmospheric radiation code improve the accuracy of its radiance predictions, especially in the presence of clouds and thick aerosols, and for multiple scattering in regions of strong molecular line absorption. MODTRAN3.5 features a generalized specification of cloud properties, while research version MODTRAN4 implements a Correlated-k (CK) approach for more accurate calculation of multiply scattered radiance. Comparisons to cloud measurements demonstrate the viability of the CK approach. The impact of these upgrades on predictions for AVIRIS viewing scenarios is discussed for both clear and clouded skies; the CK approach provides refined predictions for AVIRIS nadir and near-nadir viewing.
摘要翻译：最近升级到MOTRAN大气辐射代码提高了其辐射预测的准确性，特别是在云层和厚气溶胶的存在下，以及在强分子线吸收区域的多重散射。 MODTRAN3.5具有云属性的通用规范，而MODTRAN4的研究版本实现了相关k（CK）方法，以更准确地计算多重散射辐射。与云测量的比较表明CK方法的可行性。讨论了这些升级对AVIRIS观测情景的预测的影响，用于清晰和阴云密布的天空; CK方法为AVIRIS最低点和近最低点观察提供了精确的预测。

3. 发明授权

US07337065B2 Methods for atmospheric correction of solar-wavelength hyperspectral imagery over land 有权
标题翻译：太平洋波长高光谱图在陆地大气校正方法
公开(公告)号：US07337065B2
公开(公告)日：2008-02-26
申请号：US09767539
申请日：2001-01-23
申请人： Steven M. Adler-Golden , Michael Matthew , Alexander Berk , Lawrence S. Bernstein , Gail Anderson
发明人： Steven M. Adler-Golden , Michael Matthew , Alexander Berk , Lawrence S. Bernstein , Gail Anderson
IPC分类号： G01W1/00
CPC分类号： G06K9/0063 , G06T5/50 , G06T2207/10036 , G06T2207/30181
摘要： This invention discloses several improved methods of correcting for atmospheric effects on a remote image of the Earth's surface taken from above, wherein the image comprises a number of simultaneously acquired images of the same scene, each including a large number of pixels, each at a different wavelength band, and including infrared through ultraviolet wavelengths. One method is for retrieving the aerosol/haze amount (i.e., visible range) from an assumed ratio of in-band reflectances, rather than from an assumed reflectance value. Another method is for identifying cloud-containing pixels. This is used to improve the calculation of the spatially averaged radiance L*e and reflectance ρe images in standard equations. Another method greatly reduces the number of mathematical operations required to generate the reflectance values. This method operates by averaging the water vapor and ρe values over small groups of neighboring pixels, so that the same A, B, S, L*a parameter values may also be assigned to all pixels within the group. Yet another new method accounts for shifts in the wavelength calibration within the image, such as would be caused by spectral “smile”. This method loops the calculation of A, B, S and L*a over a set of possible wavelength shifts with respect to the input channel centers, and assigns the appropriate set of parameters to each pixel based on a pixel-location-dependent formula for the wavelength shift.
摘要翻译：本发明公开了一种用于校正从上方获取的对地球表面的远程图像的大气影响的几种改进方法，其中图像包括多个相同场景的同时获取的图像，每个图像包括大量像素，每个像素具有不同的像素波长带，并包括通过紫外线波长的红外线。一种方法是从假设的带内反射比率而不是假定的反射率值来检索气溶胶/雾度量（即，可视范围）。另一种方法是识别含云像素。这用于改进标准方程式中的空间平均辐射度L * E和反射率的影像的计算。另一种方法大大减少了生成反射率值所需的数学运算的数量。该方法通过在小的相邻像素组上平均水蒸汽和低温值来进行操作，使得相同的A，B，S，L * A参数值也可以分配给组内的所有像素。另一种新的方法考虑了图像内的波长校准的偏移，例如由光谱“微笑”引起的。该方法使A，B，S和L * A的计算相对于输入信道中心在一组可能的波长移位中循环，并且基于一个用于波长偏移的像素位置相关公式。

4. 发明授权

US06909815B2 Method for performing automated in-scene based atmospheric compensation for multi-and hyperspectral imaging sensors in the solar reflective spectral region 有权
标题翻译：用于对太阳能反射光谱区域中的多光谱和高光谱成像传感器进行自动场景大气补偿的方法
公开(公告)号：US06909815B2
公开(公告)日：2005-06-21
申请号：US10356060
申请日：2003-01-31
申请人： Lawrence S. Bernstein , Steven M. Adler-Golden , Timothy C. Perkins , Alexander Berk , Robert Y. Levine
发明人： Lawrence S. Bernstein , Steven M. Adler-Golden , Timothy C. Perkins , Alexander Berk , Robert Y. Levine
IPC分类号： G01J3/28 , G01N21/27 , G01W1/00 , G06K9/40
CPC分类号： G06K9/0063 , G01J3/28 , G01N21/274 , G01N2021/1793 , G01W1/00
摘要： A method of automatically compensating a multi- or hyper-spectral, multi-pixel image for atmospheric effects, comprising resolving a plurality of spectrally-diverse pixels from the image, determining a spectral baseline from the spectrally-diverse pixels, determining a statistical spectral deviation of the spectrally-diverse pixels, normalizing the statistical spectral deviation by applying a scale factor, and compensating image pixels with both the spectral baseline and the normalized spectral deviation. Another embodiment features a method of automatically determining a measure of atmospheric aerosol optical properties using a multi- or hyper-spectral, multi-pixel image, comprising resolving a plurality of spectrally-diverse pixels from the image, determining a statistical spectral deviation of the spectrally-diverse pixels, correcting the statistical spectral deviation for non-aerosol transmittance losses, and deriving from the statistical spectral deviation one or more wavelength-dependent aerosol optical depths. A final embodiment features a method of automatically determining a measure of atmospheric gaseous optical properties using a multi- or hyper-spectral, multi-pixel image, comprising resolving a plurality of spectrally-diverse pixels from the image, determining a statistical spectral deviation of the spectrally-diverse pixels, and deriving from the statistical spectral deviation wavelength-dependent gaseous optical depths.
摘要翻译：一种自动补偿用于大气效应的多光谱或超光谱多像素图像的方法，包括从图像中分辨多个光谱不同的像素，从光谱不同的像素确定光谱基线，确定统计光谱偏差的光谱不同的像素，通过应用比例因子来归一化统计光谱偏差，以及补偿具有光谱基线和归一化光谱偏差的图像像素。另一个实施例的特征在于一种使用多或多光谱多像素图像自动确定大气气溶胶光学特性的测量的方法，包括从图像中分辨出多个光谱不同的像素，确定光谱的统计光谱偏差不同的像素，校正非气溶胶透射损失的统计光谱偏差，以及从统计光谱偏差导出一个或多个依赖于波长的气溶胶光学深度。最终实施例的特征在于一种使用多或多光谱多像素图像自动确定大气气体光学特性的测量的方法，包括从图像中分辨出多个光谱不同的像素，确定图像的统计光谱偏差光谱多样的像素，并从统计光谱偏差波导依赖的气体光学深度导出。

5. 发明授权

US07046859B2 Methods for determining a measure of atmospheric aerosol optical properties using a multi- or hyperspectral, multi-pixel image 有权
标题翻译：使用多光谱或多光谱多像素图像确定大气气溶胶光学性质的测量方法
公开(公告)号：US07046859B2
公开(公告)日：2006-05-16
申请号：US11100670
申请日：2005-04-07
申请人： Lawrence S. Bernstein , Steven M. Adler-Golden , Timothy C. Perkins , Alexander Berk , Robert Y. Levine
发明人： Lawrence S. Bernstein , Steven M. Adler-Golden , Timothy C. Perkins , Alexander Berk , Robert Y. Levine
IPC分类号： G06K9/40
CPC分类号： G06K9/0063 , G01J3/28 , G01N21/274 , G01N2021/1793 , G01W1/00
摘要： A method of automatically determining a measure of atmospheric aerosol optical properties using a multi- or hyper-spectral, multi-pixel image. A plurality of spectrally-diverse pixels are resolved from the image. A statistical spectral deviation of the spectrally-diverse pixels is determined, and then corrected for non-aerosol transmittance losses. One or more wavelength-dependent aerosol optical depths are derived from the statistical spectral deviation. Wavelength-dependent gaseous optical depths can be derived from the statistical spectral deviation.
摘要翻译：使用多光谱，多像素图像自动确定大气气溶胶光学性质的测量的方法。从图像中分辨出多个光谱分散的像素。确定光谱不同像素的统计光谱偏差，然后校正非气溶胶透射损失。一个或多个波长依赖的气溶胶光学深度是从统计光谱偏差得出的。波长依赖的气体光学深度可以从统计光谱偏差中推导出来。

6. 发明授权

US5145645A Conductive polymer selective species sensor 失效
标题翻译：导电聚合物选择物种传感器
公开(公告)号：US5145645A
公开(公告)日：1992-09-08
申请号：US710240
申请日：1991-06-03
申请人： Mitchell R. Zakin , Lawrence S. Bernstein , Richard A. Moody
发明人： Mitchell R. Zakin , Lawrence S. Bernstein , Richard A. Moody
IPC分类号： G01N27/12
CPC分类号： G01N27/126 , Y10S436/902
摘要： A selective chemical species detector including a conductive polymer based sensing element having a detectable characteristic, for example, the polymer resistivity, permanently altered on exposure to a first chemical species and not permanently altered on exposure to a second chemical species. The detector then determines a permanent change in the detected characteristic and indicates the presence of a chemical species on detection of a such a permanent characteristic change. Also disclosed is a method of fabricating such a sensing element to achieve the desired selectivity.
摘要翻译：一种选择性化学物质检测器，其包括具有可检测特性的导电聚合物基传感元件，例如聚合物电阻率，在暴露于第一化学物质时永久地改变，并且在暴露于第二化学物质时不被永久地改变。然后，检测器确定检测到的特性的永久变化，并且在检测到这种永久特性变化时指示化学物质的存在。还公开了制造这种感测元件以实现期望的选择性的方法。

7. 发明授权

US4782232A Infrared molecular species monitor 失效
标题翻译：红外分子物种监测
公开(公告)号：US4782232A
公开(公告)日：1988-11-01
申请号：US909918
申请日：1986-09-22
申请人： Lawrence S. Bernstein , Michael W. Matthew , Fritz Bien
发明人： Lawrence S. Bernstein , Michael W. Matthew , Fritz Bien
IPC分类号： G01J3/10 , G01N21/35 , G01N21/61
CPC分类号： G01J3/108 , G01N21/3504 , G01N2201/06166
摘要： An infrared monitor for measuring the presence of at least one gas phase molecular species including a sample path for containing a sample to be monitored for the molecular species. A sample beam of infrared source emission of the molecular species to be monitored for passage through the sample path is provided to the sample path. The sample beam includes at least one primary spectral emission line which is significantly absorbed by the molecular species. The decrease in the intensity of the at least one primary infrared source spectral emission line passing through the sample path is detected as a function of the absorption of the at least one line by the molecular species present in the sample.
摘要翻译：一种用于测量至少一种气相分子物质的存在的红外监测器，包括用于包含要监测分子物种的样品的样品路径。样品路径上提供待监测通过样品路径的分子物种的红外源发射样品束。样品束包括被分子种类显着吸收的至少一个主光谱发射线。通过样品路径中的至少一个主要红外源光谱发射线的强度的降低被检测为由样品中存在的分子种类吸收至少一条线的函数。

8. 发明授权

US5822058A Systems and methods for optically measuring properties of hydrocarbon fuel gases 失效
标题翻译：用于光学测量烃类燃料气体性质的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US5822058A
公开(公告)日：1998-10-13
申请号：US784608
申请日：1997-01-21
申请人： Steven Adler-Golden , Lawrence S. Bernstein , Fritz Bien , Michael E. Gersh , Neil Goldstein
发明人： Steven Adler-Golden , Lawrence S. Bernstein , Fritz Bien , Michael E. Gersh , Neil Goldstein
IPC分类号： G01N21/35 , G01N33/00 , G01N33/22 , G01N33/28 , G01J3/40
CPC分类号： G01N21/359 , G01N21/3504 , G01N33/0047 , G01N33/2829 , G01N33/22
摘要： A system and method for optical interrogation and measurement of a hydrocarbon fuel gas includes a light source generating light at near-visible wavelengths. A cell containing the gas is optically coupled to the light source which is in turn partially transmitted by the sample. A spectrometer disperses the transmitted light and captures an image thereof. The image is captured by a low-cost silicon-based two-dimensional CCD array. The captured spectral image is processed by electronics for determining energy or BTU content and composition of the gas. The innovative optical approach provides a relatively inexpensive, durable, maintenance-free sensor and method which is reliable in the field and relatively simple to calibrate. In view of the above, accurate monitoring is possible at a plurality of locations along the distribution chain leading to more efficient distribution.
摘要翻译：用于光学询问和测量烃燃料气体的系统和方法包括产生近似可见波长的光的光源。含有气体的电池光学耦合到光源，光源又被样品部分透射。光谱仪分散透射光并捕获其图像。该图像由低成本硅基二维CCD阵列捕获。捕获的光谱图像由用于确定能量或BTU含量和气体组成的电子器件处理。创新的光学方法提供了相对便宜，耐用，免维护的传感器和方法，其在现场是可靠的并且相对简单地校准。鉴于上述情况，可以在沿着分销链的多个位置处进行准确的监视，从而导致更有效的分配。

9. 发明授权

US4723438A Spark spectroscopic high-pressure gas analyzer 失效
标题翻译：火花光谱高压气体分析仪
公开(公告)号：US4723438A
公开(公告)日：1988-02-09
申请号：US810609
申请日：1985-12-19
申请人： Steven Adler-Golden , Lawrence S. Bernstein , Fritz Bien
发明人： Steven Adler-Golden , Lawrence S. Bernstein , Fritz Bien
IPC分类号： G01J3/30 , G01N21/67 , G01N21/69 , G21C17/028
CPC分类号： G21C17/028 , G01N21/67 , G01J3/30 , G01N21/69 , G01N2201/08
摘要： A spark spectroscopic high-pressure gas analyzer including a spark chamber, having a pair of electrodes, for receiving a sample of the pressurized gas to be analyzed. A voltage is provided across the electrodes for generating a spark in the pressurized gas sample. A selected wavelength band of radiation emitted from the spark discharge in the pressurized gas corresponding to a component to be sensed in the gas is detected. The intensity of the emission in the wavelength band is integrated during the afterglow time interval of the spark emission and a signal representative of the integrated intensity of the emission in the selected narrow wavelength band is employed to determine the proportion of the component in the gas.
摘要翻译：一种火花光谱高压气体分析仪，包括具有一对电极的火花室，用于接收待分析的加压气体的样品。在电极两端提供电压以在加压气体样品中产生火花。检测从加压气体中的火花放电发出的对应于待检测气体中的成分的所选择的波长带的波长带。在火花发射的余辉时间间隔期间，波长带中的发射强度被积分，并且采用表示所选窄波段中的发射的积分强度的信号来确定气体中的成分的比例。

10. 发明授权

US5310507A Method of making a conductive polymer selective species sensor 失效
标题翻译：制备导电聚合物选择物种传感器的方法
公开(公告)号：US5310507A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-10
申请号：US928529
申请日：1992-08-13
申请人： Mitchell R. Zakin , Lawrence S. Bernstein , Richard A. Moody
发明人： Mitchell R. Zakin , Lawrence S. Bernstein , Richard A. Moody
IPC分类号： G01N27/12 , H01B1/00
CPC分类号： G01N27/126
摘要： A selective chemical species detector including a conductive polymer based sensing element having a detectable characteristic, for example, the polymer resistivity, permanently altered on exposure to a first chemical species and not permanently altered on exposure to a second chemical species. The detector then determines a permanent change in the detected characteristic and indicates the presence of a chemical species on detection of a such a permanent characteristic change. Also disclosed is a method of fabricating such a sensing element to achieve the desired selectivity.
摘要翻译：一种选择性化学物质检测器，其包括具有可检测特性的导电聚合物基传感元件，例如聚合物电阻率，在暴露于第一化学物质时永久地改变，并且在暴露于第二化学物质时不被永久地改变。然后，检测器确定检测到的特性的永久变化，并且在检测到这种永久特性变化时指示化学物质的存在。还公开了制造这种感测元件以实现期望的选择性的方法。

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