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1. 发明授权

US5012719A Method of and apparatus for generating hydrogen and projectile accelerating apparatus and method incorporating same 失效
标题翻译：用于产生氢气和射弹加速装置的方法和装置及其结合方法
公开(公告)号：US5012719A
公开(公告)日：1991-05-07
申请号：US61214
申请日：1987-06-12
申请人： Yeshayahu S. A. Goldstein , Derek A. Tidman , David Fleischer
发明人： Yeshayahu S. A. Goldstein , Derek A. Tidman , David Fleischer
IPC分类号： B01J19/08 , C01B3/06 , C01B3/10 , C06D5/10 , F41B6/00
CPC分类号： C01B3/065 , B01J19/087 , C01B3/10 , C06D5/10 , F41B6/00 , Y02E60/362
摘要： A projectile is accelerated through a barrel by a high pressure hydrogen gas jet that is derived by exothermically reacting water or a water-hydrogen peroxide liquid mixture with metal or a metal hydride. The temperature of the reaction is controlled by controlling the power in a plasma discharge applied to a reaction chamber containing the liquid and particles of the metal or metal hydride. A non-vaporous metal oxide resulting from the reaction is centrifugally separated from the hydrogen that drives the projectile.

2. 发明授权

US4974487A Plasma propulsion apparatus and method 失效
标题翻译：等离子推进装置及方法
公开(公告)号：US4974487A
公开(公告)日：1990-12-04
申请号：US252551
申请日：1988-10-03
申请人： Yeshayahu S. A. Goldstein , Derek A. Tidman , Rodney L. Burton , Dennis W. Massey , Niels K. Winsor
发明人： Yeshayahu S. A. Goldstein , Derek A. Tidman , Rodney L. Burton , Dennis W. Massey , Niels K. Winsor
IPC分类号： F41B6/00
CPC分类号： F41B6/00
摘要： A projectile is accelerated in a barrel bore by applying a plasma jet to a projectile propelling fluid. The plasma jet is derived from a structure forming a capillary passage having a wall formed by a low molecular weight, dielectric powdery filler or water in many rigid containers, shaped as spheres or straw-like tubes having axes parallel to the passage longitudinal axis. The fluid and jet interact so the fluid is heated by the jet, whereby low atomic weight constituents of the fluid are sufficiently heated to become mixed with the plasma to form a high pressure mixture that is injected into the bore to accelerate the projectile. The fluid is dragged into the plasma during mixing to cool the plasma and form a boundary layer between the plasma and the barrel walls so that the mixture does not cause substantial damage to the walls of the bore. The plasma is energized by applying voltage from an electric pulse source to electrodes at opposite ends of the passage. The pulse has a wave shape and duration for initially igniting the plasma source and for thereafter applying energy to the ignited plasma to control the pressure of the mixture. Initially, the fluid cools the plasma without the mixture developing sufficient pressure to accelerate the projectile appreciably. The wave shape and duration are such that the pressure applied to the projectile remains substantially constant while the projectile is being accelerated through the barrel, as occurs during about one-half of the projectile travel time in the barrel.
摘要翻译：通过将等离子体射流施加到抛射体推进流体，炮弹在炮筒内加速。等离子体射流源于形成毛细管通道的结构，该通道具有由许多刚性容器中的低分子量介电粉末填料或水形成的壁，其形状为具有平行于通道纵向轴线的轴的球形或稻草状管。流体和射流相互作用使得流体被射流加热，由此流体的低原子量组分被充分加热以与等离子体混合以形成注入到孔中的高压混合物以加速射弹。在混合期间将流体拖入等离子体以冷却等离子体并在等离子体和筒壁之间形成边界层，使得混合物不会对孔的壁造成实质损坏。通过将来自电脉冲源的电压施加到通道的相对端处的电极来激发等离子体。脉冲具有用于初始点燃等离子体源的波形和持续时间，并且此后将能量施加到点火等离子体以控制混合物的压力。最初，流体冷却等离子体，而不会产生足够的压力使混合物明显加速。波浪形状和持续时间使得当射弹在枪管中的大约一半的射弹行进时间期间发生时，施加到射弹的压力保持基本上恒定，同时射弹被加速通过枪管。

3. 发明授权

US5612506A Method of and apparatus for generating a high pressure gas pulse using fuel and oxidizer that are relatively inert at ambient conditions 失效
标题翻译：使用在环境条件下相对惰性的燃料和氧化剂产生高压气体脉冲的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5612506A
公开(公告)日：1997-03-18
申请号：US417529
申请日：1995-04-06
申请人： Yeshayahu S. A. Goldstein
发明人： Yeshayahu S. A. Goldstein
IPC分类号： F41A1/04 , F41A20060101 , F41A1/02 , F41B6/00 , F41F1/00 , F42B5/08 , F42B6/00
CPC分类号： F42B6/006 , F41B6/00 , F42B5/08
摘要： A high pressure pulsed gas source for accelerating a projectile along a gun barrel comprises a structure including a high voltage electrode for establishing axial electrical discharges in corresponding axial gaps behind an outlet where the projectile is located. Plasma flows at right angles to the discharges into a propellant mass that is converted into a high pressure component of the gas pulse. The gaps are arranged so that after the projectile moves away from its initial position and is in the barrel, power applied to the plasma via gaps close to the outlet is greater than power applied to the plasma via gaps farther from the outlet. To avoid damage to the gun, the gaps are arranged so power applied to the plasma is substantially the same in the discharges when plasma is initially produced. The gaps include walls that are eroded differently by the discharges so gap walls close to the outlet erode faster than gap walls farther from the outlet. The propellant mass includes a solid fuel and an oxidizer that do not react at ambient conditions. A portion of the fuel abuts the structure and the fuel and oxidizer are vaporized and elevated to a sufficiently high temperature by the plasma as to produce an exothermic chemical reaction resulting in derivation of the high pressure gas pulse that is supplied to the projectile. The axial gaps are arranged so that the power applied to the plasma via gaps close to the projectile causes initial vaporization of the fuel closest to the projectile prior to vaporization of the fuel farther from the projectile and progressive vaporization of the fuel farther from the projectile.
摘要翻译：用于加速枪管沿炮枪筒的高压脉冲气体源包括一种结构，其包括高压电极，用于在射弹所在的出口后面的相应的轴向间隙中建立轴向放电。等离子体与放电成直角流动成为转化为气体脉冲的高压分量的推进剂物质。间隙被布置成使得在射弹远离其初始位置并且在枪管中之后，通过靠近出口的间隙施加到等离子体的功率大于通过距离出口更远的间隙施加到等离子体的功率。为了避免损坏喷枪，间隙被布置成使得等离子体的功率在最初产生等离子体时的放电中基本相同。这些间隙包括被排放物不同地侵蚀的墙壁，使靠近出口的间隙壁比离开出口的间隙壁更快地腐蚀。推进剂物质包括在环境条件下不起反应的固体燃料和氧化剂。燃料的一部分与结构相接触，并且燃料和氧化剂被蒸发并通过等离子体升高到足够高的温度，以产生放热的化学反应，导致提供给射弹的高压气体脉冲的衍生。轴向间隙被布置成使得通过靠近抛射体的间隙施加到等离子体的功率在燃料离喷射体更远的蒸发之前引起最接近射弹的燃料的初始蒸发，并且使燃料从射弹进一步蒸发。

4. 发明授权

US5033355A Method of and apparatus for deriving a high pressure, high temperature plasma jet with a dielectric capillary 失效
标题翻译：用介电毛细管导出高压，高温等离子体射流的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5033355A
公开(公告)日：1991-07-23
申请号：US823096
申请日：1986-01-27
申请人： Yeshayahu S. A. Goldstein , Derek A. Tidman
发明人： Yeshayahu S. A. Goldstein , Derek A. Tidman
IPC分类号： F41A1/02 , F41B6/00
CPC分类号： F41A1/02 , F41B6/00
摘要： A pulsed high pressure, supersonic plasma jet for accelerating a projectile through an elongated confined bore is derived from a dielectric structure including a capillary passage having an interior wall surface from which plasma forming material is ablated in response to a discharge voltage applied to first and second electrodes respectively forming a nozzle and plug at opposite ends of the passage. The nozzle injects the plasma into the bore behind the projectile.
摘要翻译：脉冲高压超音速等离子体射流用于通过细长的限制孔加速射弹是从包括毛细通道的电介质结构得到的，该毛细管通道具有内壁表面，等离子体形成材料响应于施加到第一和第二分别在通道的相对端形成喷嘴和塞子的电极。喷嘴将等离子体注入射弹后面的孔中。

5. 发明授权

US4821509A Pulsed electrothermal thruster 失效
公开(公告)号：US4821509A
公开(公告)日：1989-04-18
申请号：US133154
申请日：1987-12-07
申请人： Rodney L. Burton , Yeshayahu S. A. Goldstein , Derek A. Tidman , Niels K. Winsor
发明人： Rodney L. Burton , Yeshayahu S. A. Goldstein , Derek A. Tidman , Niels K. Winsor
IPC分类号： F03H1/00
CPC分类号： F03H1/0087 , F03H1/0012
摘要： A plasma electrothermal thruster includes a capillary passage in which a plasma discharge is formed and directed out of an open end of the passage into a supersonic nozzle. Liquid supplied to the capillary passage becomes partially atomized to cool a confining surface of the passage. The plasma discharge is formed as the atomized liquid flows out of the open end into a supersonic equilibrium nozzle. The discharge can have a duration greater than the two way travel time of acoustic energy in the capillary to cause the plasma to flow continuously through the nozzle during the time of the discharge pulse.

6. 发明授权

US4590842A Method of and apparatus for accelerating a projectile 失效
标题翻译：加速射弹的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4590842A
公开(公告)日：1986-05-27
申请号：US471215
申请日：1983-03-01
申请人： Yeshayahu S. A. Goldstein , Derek A. Tidman
发明人： Yeshayahu S. A. Goldstein , Derek A. Tidman
IPC分类号： F41F1/00 , F41A1/02 , F41B6/00
CPC分类号： F41A1/02 , F41B6/00
摘要： A projectile is accelerated along a confined path by supplying a pulsed high pressure, high velocity plasma jet to the rear of the projectile as the projectile traverses the path. The jet enters the confined path at a non-zero angle relative to the projectile path. The pulse is derived from a dielectric capillary tube having an interior wall from which plasma forming material is ablated in response to a discharge voltage. The projectile can be accelerated in response to the kinetic energy in the plasma jet or in response to a pressure increase of gases in the confined path resulting from the heat added to the gases by the plasma.
摘要翻译：当弹丸穿过路径时，通过向射弹的后部提供脉冲高压，高速等离子体射流，沿着限制路径加速射弹。射流相对于射弹路径以非零角度进入限制路径。脉冲源自具有内壁的介电毛细管，等离子体形成材料根据放电电压从其内部被消融。可以响应于等离子体射流中的动能或响应于由等离子体加入到气体中的热量导致的限制路径中的气体的压力增加来加速弹丸。

7. 发明授权

US5544588A Electrical power feed assembly for electrothermal gun and cartridge 失效
标题翻译：电热枪和墨盒的电力馈送组件
公开(公告)号：US5544588A
公开(公告)日：1996-08-13
申请号：US421396
申请日：1995-04-13
申请人： Rao L. Boggavarapu , Yeshayahu S. A. Goldstein , Catherine M. Keogh , Anthony J. Suchocki , Melvin M. Widner
发明人： Rao L. Boggavarapu , Yeshayahu S. A. Goldstein , Catherine M. Keogh , Anthony J. Suchocki , Melvin M. Widner
IPC分类号： F41A19/58 , F41B6/00 , F42B5/08
CPC分类号： F41B6/00 , F41A19/58 , F42B5/08
摘要： An electrical power feed assembly (12) for supplying high current to an electrothermal gun has first and second electrical connectors (38) and (42) with associated contact portions (40) and (44) for engaging and plastically deforming first and second side contacts (20,22) on a cartridge (14) to provide firing while maintaining the electrical contact without any arcing. The first connector (38) has a curved contact portion (40) that provides an interference fit to plastically deform the first contact (20) and establish the electrical contact as the cartridge (14) is inserted into the gun. The second connector (42) has a pair of curved knife edges (48) that engage and plastically deform the second contact (22) of the cartridge to establish and maintain the electrical contact under spring action of the second connector and by operation of a cam mechanism (50) of a breech block (26) of the gun. The cartridge (14) has its first and second contacts (20,22) made of a relatively soft material, copper and solder preferably, and has the contacts provided with annular shapes that are engaged by the contact portions (40,44) of the first and second connectors (38,42).
摘要翻译：用于向电热枪供应高电流的电力馈送组件（12）具有第一和第二电连接器（38）和（42），其具有相关联的接触部分（40）和（44），用于接合和塑性变形第一和第二侧面接触（20,22）放置在盒（14）上以提供点火同时保持电接触而没有任何电弧。第一连接器（38）具有弯曲的接触部分（40），该弯曲的接触部分（40）提供过盈配合以使第一触头（20）塑性变形，并且当盒（14）插入枪中时建立电触点。第二连接器（42）具有一对弯曲的刀刃（48），其接合和塑性地使第二接触件（22）变形，以在第二连接器的弹簧作用下建立和保持电接触，并且通过操作凸轮枪的后膛块（26）的机构（50）。盒（14）具有由相对软的材料制成的第一和第二触点（20,22），铜和焊料优选地，并且具有设置有环形形状的触点，所述环形形状与所述接触部分（40,44）接合第一和第二连接器（38,42）。

8. 发明授权

US4913029A Method and apparatus for accelerating a projectile through a capillary passage with injector electrode and cartridge for projectile therefor 失效
标题翻译：用于通过具有用于射弹的喷射器电极和弹药筒的毛细通道加速射弹的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4913029A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-03
申请号：US929366
申请日：1986-11-12
申请人： Derek A. Tidman , Yong C. Thio , Yeshayahu S. A. Goldstein
发明人： Derek A. Tidman , Yong C. Thio , Yeshayahu S. A. Goldstein
IPC分类号： F41B6/00
CPC分类号： F41B6/00
摘要： A high pressure plasma initially formed from a fluidizable substance in a confined region of a passage behind a projectile in the passage initially accelerates the projectile toward an open end of the passage. The plasma is intially derived by supplying a discharge current to an electrode in the substance. The plasma in the confined region is ohmically heated by an azimuthal current generated in the plasma by an AC magnetic field that is coaxial with the passage or by a discharge current flowing longitudinally through the passage and projectile. A cartridge includes the projectile and a wall of the passage that is evaporated after the projectile has been fired so the evaporant flows out of the passage after the projectile.
摘要翻译：最初由可流通物质形成的高压等离子体在通道中的射弹后面的通道的受限区域中最初将射弹加速到通道的开口端。通过向物质中的电极提供放电电流而导致等离子体。受限区域中的等离子体由等离子体中产生的方位角电流通过与通道同轴的AC磁场或纵向流过通道和射弹的放电电流而被加热。弹药筒包括射弹和通道的壁，在射弹射出后蒸发，因此蒸发器在射弹后流出通道。

9. 发明授权

US5549046A Plasma generator for electrothermal gun cartridge 失效
标题翻译：电热枪等离子发生器
公开(公告)号：US5549046A
公开(公告)日：1996-08-27
申请号：US238433
申请日：1994-05-05
申请人： Melvin M. Widner , Michael Raleigh , Yeshayahu S. A. Goldstein , Joseph R. Greig
发明人： Melvin M. Widner , Michael Raleigh , Yeshayahu S. A. Goldstein , Joseph R. Greig
IPC分类号： F42B5/08 , F42B6/00
CPC分类号： F42B5/08 , F42B6/006
摘要： A plasma generator (44) for an electrothermal gun cartridge has elongated metallic rod and tube members (58,60) extending along a central axis thereof with the tube member (58) having at least one axial gap (62) and with an elongated annular insulator located between and in engagement with both metallic members to provide support therebetween as an electrical voltage generates an electrical arc at the axial gap to provide a plasma that ignites a propellant (46). Different embodiments of the plasma generator have a plurality of the axial gaps (62) located along the tube member (60) and are constructed for both simultaneous and sequential firing with fuses (74) controlling the timing. Helically extending member portions (78) provide rotation of the electrical arc and hence the plasma generated to distribute it for ignition of the propellent (46).
摘要翻译：一种用于电热枪筒的等离子体发生器（44）具有沿着其中心轴线延伸的细长金属杆和管件（58,60），管件（58）具有至少一个轴向间隙（62），并具有细长环形绝缘子位于两个金属构件之间并且与两个金属构件接合以在它们之间提供支撑，因为电压在轴向间隙处产生电弧以提供点燃推进剂（46）的等离子体。等离子体发生器的不同实施例具有沿着管构件（60）定位的多个轴向间隙（62），并且被构造成用于控制时序的熔丝（74）的同步和顺序点火。螺旋延伸构件部分（78）提供电弧的旋转，并因此提供产生的等离子体，以分配它以点燃推进器（46）。

10. 发明授权

US5463928A Electrical power feed assembly for electrothermal gun 失效
标题翻译：电热枪用电源组件
公开(公告)号：US5463928A
公开(公告)日：1995-11-07
申请号：US233347
申请日：1994-04-26
申请人： Rao L. Boggavarapu , Yeshayahu S. A. Goldstein , Catherine M. Keogh , Anthony J. Suchocki , Melvin M. Widner
发明人： Rao L. Boggavarapu , Yeshayahu S. A. Goldstein , Catherine M. Keogh , Anthony J. Suchocki , Melvin M. Widner
IPC分类号： F41A19/58 , F41B6/00 , F42B5/08
CPC分类号： F41B6/00 , F41A19/58 , F42B5/08
摘要： An electrical power feed assembly (12) for supplying high current to an electrothermal gun has first and second electrical connectors (38) and (42) with associated contact portions (40) and (44) for engaging and plastically deforming first and second side contacts (20,22) on a cartridge (14) to provide firing while maintaining the electrical contact without any arcing. The first connector (38) has a curved contact portion (40) that provides an interference fit to plastically deform the first contact (20) and establish the electrical contact as the cartridge (14) is inserted into the gun. The second connector (42) has a pair of curved knife edges (48) that engage and plastically deform the second contact (22) of the cartridge to establish and maintain the electrical contact under spring action of the second connector and by operation of a cam mechanism (50) of a breech block (26) of the gun. The cartridge (14) has its first and second contacts (20,22) made of a relatively soft material, copper and solder preferably, and has the contacts provided with annular shapes that are engaged by the contact portions (40,44) of the first and second connectors (38,42).
摘要翻译：用于向电热枪供应高电流的电力馈送组件（12）具有第一和第二电连接器（38）和（42），其具有相关联的接触部分（40）和（44），用于接合和塑性变形第一和第二侧面接触（20,22）放置在盒（14）上以提供点火同时保持电接触而没有任何电弧。第一连接器（38）具有弯曲的接触部分（40），该弯曲的接触部分（40）提供过盈配合以使第一触头（20）塑性变形，并且当盒（14）插入枪中时建立电触点。第二连接器（42）具有一对弯曲的刀刃（48），其接合和塑性地使第二接触件（22）变形，以在第二连接器的弹簧作用下建立和保持电接触，并且通过操作凸轮枪的后膛块（26）的机构（50）。盒（14）具有由相对软的材料制成的第一和第二触点（20,22），铜和焊料优选地，并且具有设置有环形形状的触点，所述环形形状与所述接触部分（40,44）接合第一和第二连接器（38,42）。

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