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    • 2. 发明申请
    • HIGH EFFICIENCY, LOW LOSS NO TO NO2 CATALYTIC CONVERTER
    • NO2催化转化器的高效率,低损耗
    • US20090056419A1
    • 2009-03-05
    • US12193353
    • 2008-08-18
    • Ying-Lan CHANGBradley N. JOHNSONCraig BRYANTWilliam MICKELSON
    • Ying-Lan CHANGBradley N. JOHNSONCraig BRYANTWilliam MICKELSON
    • G01N33/00B01J19/00B01J8/06
    • G01N1/28G01N33/0013
    • Provided herein are catalytic converters that have improved characteristics. According to various embodiments, the converters include high surface area catalyst supports conformally coated with nanoparticulate thin films of a catalyst (e.g., Pt, Pd and Rh). The films are continuous, preventing absorption of species within the converter on the catalyst support. The converters provide higher oxidation efficiency than conventional catalytic converters, in certain embodiments approaching the stoichiometric ratio for the reaction. The converters also provide minimal loss of chemical species within the converter. Also provided are novel methods of fabricating catalytic converters that involve atomic layer deposition of Pt or other catalyst on the support, as well as methods and devices for sensing NO in samples that involve catalytic conversion of NO to NO2.
    • 本文提供具有改进特征的催化转化器。 根据各种实施方案,转化器包括保形涂覆有催化剂(例如Pt,Pd和Rh)的纳米颗粒薄膜的高表面积催化剂载体。 膜是连续的,防止转化器内的物质在催化剂载体上的吸收。 转换器提供比常规催化转化器更高的氧化效率,在某些实施方案中接近反应的化学计量比。 转换器还可以在转换器内提供化学物质的最小损失。 还提供了制造催化转化器的新方法,其涉及Pt或其它催化剂在载体上的原子层沉积,以及用于检测涉及NO转化为NO2的样品中的NO的方法和装置。
    • 5. 发明申请
    • Carbon dioxide nanosensor, and respiratory CO2 monitors
    • 二氧化碳纳米传感器和呼吸二氧化碳监测仪
    • US20070048181A1
    • 2007-03-01
    • US11488456
    • 2006-07-18
    • Daniel ChangYing-Lan ChangJean-Christophe GabrielVikram JoshiWilliam MickelsonJoseph NiemannJohn PassmoreAlexander StarChristian Valcke
    • Daniel ChangYing-Lan ChangJean-Christophe GabrielVikram JoshiWilliam MickelsonJoseph NiemannJohn PassmoreAlexander StarChristian Valcke
    • G01N31/22
    • G01N27/4146B82Y15/00B82Y30/00G01N33/004G01N33/497
    • An electronic system and method for detecting analytes, such as carbon dioxide, is provided, using an improved nanostructure sensor (CO2 sensor). The CO2 sensor may comprise a substrate and a nanostructure, such as a one or more carbon nanotubes disposed over the substrate (e.g., as a network). One or more conductive elements may electrically communicate with the nanostructure. A counter or gate electrode may be positioned adjacent the nanostructure. A functionalization material reactive with carbon dioxide may be included, either disposed in contact with the nanostructure or isolated by a dielectric. The sensor may be connected to a circuit responsive to changes in CO2 concentration in the environment. Embodiments are described of medical sensing systems including one or more CO2 sensors. One embodiment comprises a breath sampling cannula which is connected to a sensor unit. In an alternative, the cannula permits supplemental oxygen to be administered, while recovering and measuring analytes in breath samples. The cannula may connect to a portable processor-display unit for monitoring one or more analytes, such as CO2. Another embodiment includes a cannula configured for the monitoring of sleep disorders, such as apnea, comprising one or more sensors disposed adjacent a breath sampling channel, optionally including flow rate or other sensors. The sensors may be connected by wired or wireless links for to a processor/input/display unit. Any of the embodiments may include filters, selectively permeable membranes, absorbents, and the like to precondition the breath sample, may be configured to include complementary chemistry measurements.
    • 提供了一种用于检测分析物(如二氧化碳)的电子系统和方法,使用改进的纳米结构传感器(CO2传感器)。 CO 2传感器可以包括衬底和纳米结构,例如设置在衬底上的一个或多个碳纳米管(例如,作为网络)。 一个或多个导电元件可以与纳米结构电连通。 计数器或栅电极可以邻近纳米结构定位。 可以包括与二氧化碳反应的官能化材料,其被设置为与纳米结构接触或通过电介质隔离。 传感器可以响应于环境中二氧化碳浓度的变化而连接到电路。 描述了包括一个或多个CO 2传感器的医学感测系统的实施例。 一个实施例包括连接到传感器单元的呼吸取样套管。 在替代方案中,套管允许补充氧气,同时在呼吸样本中回收和测量分析物。 套管可以连接到便携式处理器显示单元,用于监测一个或多个分析物,例如CO 2。 另一个实施例包括配置用于监测睡眠障碍(例如呼吸暂停)的插管,其包括邻近呼吸采样通道设置的一个或多个传感器,可选地包括流速或其它传感器。 传感器可以通过有线或无线链路连接到处理器/输入/显示单元。 任何实施方案可以包括过滤器,选择性渗透膜,吸收剂等以预处理呼吸样品,可以被配置为包括互补的化学测量。
    • 6. 发明申请
    • GROWTH OF AND DEFECT REDUCTION IN NANOSCALE MATERIALS
    • 纳米材料的增长和缺陷减少
    • US20060231381A1
    • 2006-10-19
    • US11278999
    • 2006-04-07
    • Kenneth JensenWilliam MickelsonAlex Zettl
    • Kenneth JensenWilliam MickelsonAlex Zettl
    • D01F9/12C01B31/00
    • D01F9/12B82Y30/00B82Y40/00C01B32/162C01B32/17C01B32/18C01B2202/02C01B2202/06C01B2202/36
    • Methods by which the growth of a nanostructure may be precisely controlled by an electrical current are described here. In one embodiment, an interior nanostructure is grown to a predetermined geometry inside another nanostructure, which serves as a reaction chamber. The growth is effected by a catalytic agent loaded with feedstock for the interior nanostructure. Another embodiment allows a preexisting marginal quality nanostructure to be zone refined into a higher-quality nanostructure by driving a catalytic agent down a controlled length of the nanostructure with an electric current. In both embodiments, the speed of nanostructure formation is adjustable, and the growth may be stopped and restarted at will. The catalytic agent may be doped or undoped to produce semiconductor effects, and the bead may be removed via acid etching.
    • 这里描述了可以通过电流精确地控制纳米结构的生长的方法。 在一个实施方案中,将内部纳米结构生长至用作反应室的另一纳米结构内的预定几何形状。 生长由负载内部纳米结构的原料的催化剂进行。 另一个实施方案允许将预先存在的边缘质量的纳米结构通过用电流将纳米结构的受控长度驱动下来的催化剂区域精制成更高质量的纳米结构。 在两个实施方案中,纳米结构形成的速度是可调节的,并且生长可以随意停止并重新开始。 催化剂可以掺杂或未掺杂以产生半导体效应,并且可以通过酸蚀刻除去珠粒。