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1. 发明授权

US07259761B2 Systems and methods for sculpting virtual objects in a haptic virtual reality environment 有权
标题翻译：在触觉虚拟现实环境中雕刻虚拟对象的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US07259761B2
公开(公告)日：2007-08-21
申请号：US11487948
申请日：2006-07-17
申请人： Loren Shih , Walter A. Aviles , Thomas H. Massie , Walter C. Shannon, III
发明人： Loren Shih , Walter A. Aviles , Thomas H. Massie , Walter C. Shannon, III
IPC分类号： G06T15/00
CPC分类号： G06F3/016 , B33Y80/00 , G06F3/017 , G06F3/0346 , G06F3/03545 , G06F3/038 , G06F19/00 , G06F2203/013 , G06T19/20 , G06T2200/24 , G06T2210/28 , G06T2219/2021
摘要： A user of a virtual object or computer model uses a haptic interface device in the real world to manipulate a virtual tool in a virtual environment to interact and modify the virtual object. The user uses the virtual tool in a sculpting mode to modify the shape of the virtual object by adding, removing, or modifying the material of the object. The user feels an interaction force from the virtual tool as it interacts with and modifies the virtual object. The designer can set geometric constraints, such as a constraint point, constraint line, or constraint surface, to limit or guide the movement of the virtual tool.
摘要翻译：虚拟对象或计算机模型的用户使用现实世界中的触觉接口设备来操纵虚拟环境中的虚拟工具来交互和修改虚拟对象。用户以雕刻模式使用虚拟工具通过添加，删除或修改对象的素材来修改虚拟对象的形状。当虚拟工具与虚拟对象交互并修改虚拟对象时，用户感觉到来自虚拟工具的交互力。设计者可以设置几何约束，例如约束点，约束线或约束表面，以限制或引导虚拟工具的移动。

2. 发明授权

US06552722B1 Systems and methods for sculpting virtual objects in a haptic virtual reality environment 有权
标题翻译：在触觉虚拟现实环境中雕刻虚拟对象的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06552722B1
公开(公告)日：2003-04-22
申请号：US09347637
申请日：1999-07-06
申请人： Loren Shih , Walter A. Aviles , Thomas H. Massie , Walter C. Shannon, III
发明人： Loren Shih , Walter A. Aviles , Thomas H. Massie , Walter C. Shannon, III
IPC分类号： G06T1500
CPC分类号： G06F3/016 , B33Y80/00 , G06F3/017 , G06F3/0346 , G06F3/03545 , G06F3/038 , G06F19/00 , G06F2203/013 , G06T19/20 , G06T2200/24 , G06T2210/28 , G06T2219/2021
摘要： A user of a virtual object or computer model uses a haptic interface device in the real world to manipulate a virtual tool in a virtual environment to interact and modify the virtual object. The user uses the virtual tool in a sculpting mode to modify the shape of the virtual object by adding, removing, or modifying the material of the object. The user feels an interaction force from the virtual tool as it interacts with and modifies the virtual object. The designer can set geometric constraints, such as a constraint point, constraint line, or constraint surface, to limit or guide the movement of the virtual tool.
摘要翻译：虚拟对象或计算机模型的用户使用现实世界中的触觉接口设备来操纵虚拟环境中的虚拟工具来交互和修改虚拟对象。用户以雕刻模式使用虚拟工具通过添加，删除或修改对象的素材来修改虚拟对象的形状。当虚拟工具与虚拟对象交互并修改虚拟对象时，用户感觉到来自虚拟工具的交互力。设计者可以设置几何约束，例如约束点，约束线或约束表面，以限制或引导虚拟工具的移动。

3. 发明授权

US08576222B2 Systems and methods for interfacing with a virtual object in a haptic virtual environment 有权
标题翻译：用于在触觉虚拟环境中与虚拟对象进行接口的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US08576222B2
公开(公告)日：2013-11-05
申请号：US12983553
申请日：2011-01-03
申请人： Joshua E. Handley , Marc Midura , Bradley A. Payne , Walter A. Aviles , Thomas Harold Massie , Walter C. Shannon, III
发明人： Joshua E. Handley , Marc Midura , Bradley A. Payne , Walter A. Aviles , Thomas Harold Massie , Walter C. Shannon, III
IPC分类号： G06T15/00 , G06T17/00
CPC分类号： G06T15/00 , B33Y50/00 , B33Y80/00 , G06F3/016 , G06F3/0346 , G06F3/03545 , G06F2203/013 , G06T19/20 , G06T2200/24 , G06T2210/21 , G06T2210/28 , G06T2219/2016
摘要： A user of a modeling application modifies an initial virtual object using a sketch drawn on one or more construction planes. Typically, construction planes are connected by an axis that intersects the virtual object. The user can draw a sketch on each construction plane, and the modeling application interpolates a shape along the axis between the sketches to determine what material in the virtual object is to be removed from it. In this manner, material may be removed to create a recess or hole in the virtual object or otherwise to slice away material from the object. A user can use two or more axes and construction planes to produce complex shapes from the initial virtual object. A user can also select a portion of a virtual object and mirror the selected portion. Modifications that the user makes in the selected portion are made correspondingly in the mirrored portion.
摘要翻译：建模应用程序的用户使用在一个或多个构造平面上绘制的草图来修改初始虚拟对象。通常，构造平面通过与虚拟对象相交的轴连接。用户可以在每个施工平面上绘制草图，并且建模应用程序沿着草图之间的轴插入一个形状，以确定要从中移除虚拟对象中的哪些材质。以这种方式，可以去除材料以在虚拟物体中产生凹陷或孔，或以其他方式将材料从物体上分离开。用户可以使用两个或多个轴和构造平面来从初始虚拟对象产生复杂的形状。用户还可以选择虚拟对象的一部分并镜像所选部分。用户在所选部分中进行的修改在镜像部分中相应地进行。

4. 发明申请

US20110202856A1 Systems and methods for interfacing with a virtual object in a haptic virtual environment 有权
标题翻译：用于在触觉虚拟环境中与虚拟对象进行接口的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20110202856A1
公开(公告)日：2011-08-18
申请号：US12983553
申请日：2011-01-03
申请人： Joshua Handley , Marc Midura , Bradley Payne , Walter A. Aviles , Thomas H. Massie , Walter C. Shannon, III
发明人： Joshua Handley , Marc Midura , Bradley Payne , Walter A. Aviles , Thomas H. Massie , Walter C. Shannon, III
IPC分类号： G06F3/048
CPC分类号： G06T15/00 , B33Y50/00 , B33Y80/00 , G06F3/016 , G06F3/0346 , G06F3/03545 , G06F2203/013 , G06T19/20 , G06T2200/24 , G06T2210/21 , G06T2210/28 , G06T2219/2016
摘要： A user of a modeling application modifies an initial virtual object using a sketch drawn on one or more construction planes. Typically, construction planes are connected by an axis that intersects the virtual object. The user can draw a sketch on each construction plane, and the modeling application interpolates a shape along the axis between the sketches to determine what material in the virtual object is to be removed from it. In this manner, material may be removed to create a recess or hole in the virtual object or otherwise to slice away material from the object. A user can use two or more axes and construction planes to produce complex shapes from the initial virtual object. A user can also select a portion of a virtual object and mirror the selected portion. Modifications that the user makes in the selected portion are made correspondingly in the mirrored portion.
摘要翻译：建模应用程序的用户使用在一个或多个构造平面上绘制的草图来修改初始虚拟对象。通常，构造平面通过与虚拟对象相交的轴连接。用户可以在每个施工平面上绘制草图，并且建模应用程序沿着草图之间的轴插入一个形状，以确定要从中移除虚拟对象中的哪些材质。以这种方式，可以去除材料以在虚拟物体中产生凹陷或孔，或以其他方式将材料从物体上分离开。用户可以使用两个或多个轴和构造平面来从初始虚拟对象产生复杂的形状。用户还可以选择虚拟对象的一部分并镜像所选部分。用户在所选部分中进行的修改在镜像部分中相应地进行。

5. 发明授权

US08174535B2 Apparatus and methods for wrapping texture onto the surface of a virtual object 有权
标题翻译：用于将纹理包裹到虚拟对象的表面上的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US08174535B2
公开(公告)日：2012-05-08
申请号：US13026667
申请日：2011-02-14
申请人： Torsten Berger , Elaine Chen , Walter C. Shannon, III
发明人： Torsten Berger , Elaine Chen , Walter C. Shannon, III
IPC分类号： G09G5/00
CPC分类号： G09G5/00 , G06T11/001 , G06T15/04 , G06T19/00
摘要： The invention provides techniques for wrapping a two-dimensional texture conformally onto a surface of a three dimensional virtual object within an arbitrarily-shaped, user-defined region. The techniques provide minimum distortion and allow interactive manipulation of the mapped texture. The techniques feature an energy minimization scheme in which distances between points on the surface of the three-dimensional virtual object serve as set lengths for springs connecting points of a planar mesh. The planar mesh is adjusted to minimize spring energy, and then used to define a patch upon which a two-dimensional texture is superimposed. Points on the surface of the virtual object are then mapped to corresponding points of the texture. The invention also features a haptic/graphical user interface element that allows a user to interactively and intuitively adjust texture mapped within the arbitrary, user-defined region.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了将二维纹理保形地包裹在任意形状的用户定义区域内的三维虚拟对象的表面上的技术。这些技术提供最小的失真并允许映射纹理的交互式操纵。该技术的特征在于能量最小化方案，其中三维虚拟对象的表面上的点之间的距离用作连接平面网格的点的弹簧的设定长度。调整平面网格以最小化弹簧能量，然后用于限定叠加二维纹理的贴片。然后将虚拟对象表面上的点映射到纹理的相应点。本发明还具有触觉/图形用户界面元素，其允许用户交互地和直观地调整在任意的用户定义区域内映射的纹理。

6. 发明授权

US07149596B2 Apparatus and methods for modifying a model of an object to enforce compliance with a manufacturing constraint 有权
标题翻译：用于修改对象模型以强制符合制造约束的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US07149596B2
公开(公告)日：2006-12-12
申请号：US10856699
申请日：2004-05-28
申请人： Torsten Berger , Bradley A. Payne , Walter C. Shannon, III
发明人： Torsten Berger , Bradley A. Payne , Walter C. Shannon, III
IPC分类号： G06F19/00 , G06T17/00
CPC分类号： G06T19/20 , B33Y50/00 , G06T2219/2021
摘要： The invention provides an apparatus and methods for automatically modifying a computer model of an object to comply with a manufacturing constraint for production of the object. In one embodiment, the invention uses a voxel-based approach to automatically modify an arbitrarily-shaped model at any stage of the design process. For example, a method of the invention automatically modifies a model of a molded object to comply with a draft angle requirement.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种用于自动修改对象的计算机模型以符合用于生成对象的制造约束的装置和方法。在一个实施例中，本发明使用基于体素的方法在设计过程的任何阶段自动修改任意形状的模型。例如，本发明的方法自动修改模制物体的模型以符合拔模角度要求。

7. 发明授权

US08456484B2 Apparatus and methods for wrapping texture onto the surface of a virtual object 有权
标题翻译：用于将纹理包裹到虚拟对象的表面上的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US08456484B2
公开(公告)日：2013-06-04
申请号：US13465507
申请日：2012-05-07
申请人： Torsten Berger , Elaine Chen , Walter C. Shannon, III
发明人： Torsten Berger , Elaine Chen , Walter C. Shannon, III
IPC分类号： G09G5/00 , G06T15/04 , G06T11/00
CPC分类号： G09G5/00 , G06T11/001 , G06T15/04 , G06T19/00
摘要： The invention provides techniques for wrapping a two-dimensional texture conformally onto a surface of a three dimensional virtual object within an arbitrarily-shaped, user-defined region. The techniques provide minimum distortion and allow interactive manipulation of the mapped texture. The techniques feature an energy minimization scheme in which distances between points on the surface of the three-dimensional virtual object serve as set lengths for springs connecting points of a planar mesh. The planar mesh is adjusted to minimize spring energy, and then used to define a patch upon which a two-dimensional texture is superimposed. Points on the surface of the virtual object are then mapped to corresponding points of the texture. The invention also features a haptic/graphical user interface element that allows a user to interactively and intuitively adjust texture mapped within the arbitrary, user-defined region.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了将二维纹理保形地包裹在任意形状的用户定义区域内的三维虚拟对象的表面上的技术。这些技术提供最小的失真并允许映射纹理的交互式操纵。该技术的特征在于能量最小化方案，其中三维虚拟对象的表面上的点之间的距离用作连接平面网格的点的弹簧的设定长度。调整平面网格以最小化弹簧能量，然后用于限定叠加二维纹理的贴片。然后将虚拟对象表面上的点映射到纹理的相应点。本发明还具有触觉/图形用户界面元素，其允许用户交互地和直观地调整在任意的用户定义区域内映射的纹理。

8. 发明授权

US07889195B2 Systems and methods for sculpting virtual objects in a haptic virtual reality environment 有权
标题翻译：在触觉虚拟现实环境中雕刻虚拟对象的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US07889195B2
公开(公告)日：2011-02-15
申请号：US11840491
申请日：2007-08-17
申请人： Loren Shih , Walter A. Aviles , Thomas H. Massie , Walter C. Shannon, III
发明人： Loren Shih , Walter A. Aviles , Thomas H. Massie , Walter C. Shannon, III
IPC分类号： G06T15/00
CPC分类号： G06F3/016 , B33Y80/00 , G06F3/017 , G06F3/0346 , G06F3/03545 , G06F3/038 , G06F19/00 , G06F2203/013 , G06T19/20 , G06T2200/24 , G06T2210/28 , G06T2219/2021
摘要： A user of a virtual object or computer model uses a haptic interface device in the real world to manipulate a virtual tool in a virtual environment to interact and modify the virtual object. The user uses the virtual tool in a sculpting mode to modify the shape of the virtual object by adding, removing, or modifying the material of the object. The user feels an interaction force from the virtual tool as it interacts with and modifies the virtual object. The designer can set geometric constraints, such as a constraint point, constraint line, or constraint surface, to limit or guide the movement of the virtual tool.
摘要翻译：虚拟对象或计算机模型的用户使用现实世界中的触觉接口设备来操纵虚拟环境中的虚拟工具来交互和修改虚拟对象。用户以雕刻模式使用虚拟工具通过添加，删除或修改对象的素材来修改虚拟对象的形状。当虚拟工具与虚拟对象交互并修改虚拟对象时，用户感觉到来自虚拟工具的交互力。设计者可以设置几何约束，例如约束点，约束线或约束表面，以限制或引导虚拟工具的移动。

9. 发明授权

US07710415B2 Systems and methods for three-dimensional modeling 有权
标题翻译：用于三维建模的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US07710415B2
公开(公告)日：2010-05-04
申请号：US11179038
申请日：2005-07-11
申请人： Ralph E. Jennings, Jr. , Thomas Harold Massie , Bradley A. Payne , Walter C. Shannon, III
发明人： Ralph E. Jennings, Jr. , Thomas Harold Massie , Bradley A. Payne , Walter C. Shannon, III
IPC分类号： G06T17/00
CPC分类号： G06T17/00 , G06F3/0484 , G06T19/20 , G06T2210/28 , G06T2219/2021 , Y10S345/952
摘要： Systems and methods for modifying a virtual object stored within a computer. The systems and methods allow virtual object modifications that are otherwise computationally inconvenient. The virtual object is represented as a volumetric representation. A portion of the volumetric model is converted into an alternative representation. The alternative representation can be a representation having a different number of dimensions from the volumetric representations. A stimulus is applied to the alternative representation, for example by a user employing a force-feedback haptic interface. The response of the alternative representation to the stimulus is calculated. The change in shape of the virtual object is determined from the response of the alternative representation. The representations of the virtual object can be displayed at any time for the user. The user can be provided a force-feedback response. Multiple stimuli can be applied in succession. Multiple alternative representations can be employed in the system and method.
摘要翻译：用于修改存储在计算机内的虚拟对象的系统和方法。系统和方法允许虚拟对象修改，否则计算不方便。虚拟对象被表示为体积表示。体积模型的一部分被转换为替代表示。替代表示可以是具有与体积表示不同数量的维度的表示。刺激被应用于替代表示，例如通过使用力 - 反馈触觉界面的用户。计算替代表示对刺激的反应。虚拟对象的形状变化由替代表示的响应确定。可以随时为用户显示虚拟对象的表示。可以向用户提供力反馈响应。多次刺激可以连续应用。在系统和方法中可以采用多种替代表示。

10. 发明授权

US06958752B2 Systems and methods for three-dimensional modeling 有权
标题翻译：用于三维建模的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06958752B2
公开(公告)日：2005-10-25
申请号：US10017148
申请日：2001-12-14
申请人： Ralph E. Jennings, Jr. , Thomas Harold Massie , Bradley A. Payne , Walter C. Shannon, III
发明人： Ralph E. Jennings, Jr. , Thomas Harold Massie , Bradley A. Payne , Walter C. Shannon, III
IPC分类号： G06T19/20 , G06T17/00
CPC分类号： G06T17/00 , G06F3/0484 , G06T19/20 , G06T2210/28 , G06T2219/2021 , Y10S345/952
摘要： Systems and methods for modifying a virtual object stored within a computer. The systems and methods allow virtual object modifications that are otherwise computationally inconvenient. The virtual object is represented as a volumetric representation. A portion of the volumetric model is converted into an alternative representation. The alternative representation can be a representation having a different number of dimensions from the volumetric representations. A stimulus is applied to the alternative representation, for example by a user employing a force-feedback haptic interface. The response of the alternative representation to the stimulus is calculated. The change in shape of the virtual object is determined from the response of the alternative representation. The representations of the virtual object can be displayed at any time for the user. The user can be provided a force-feedback response. Multiple stimuli can be applied in succession. Multiple alternative representations can be employed in the system and method.
摘要翻译：用于修改存储在计算机内的虚拟对象的系统和方法。系统和方法允许虚拟对象修改，否则计算不方便。虚拟对象被表示为体积表示。体积模型的一部分被转换为替代表示。替代表示可以是具有与体积表示不同数量的维度的表示。刺激被应用于替代表示，例如通过使用力 - 反馈触觉界面的用户。计算替代表示对刺激的反应。虚拟对象的形状变化由替代表示的响应确定。可以随时为用户显示虚拟对象的表示。可以向用户提供力反馈响应。多次刺激可以连续应用。在系统和方法中可以采用多种替代表示。

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