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1. 发明授权

US4766912A Method and apparatus for puffing tobacco 失效
标题翻译：用于膨化烟草的方法和设备
公开(公告)号：US4766912A
公开(公告)日：1988-08-30
申请号：US106921
申请日：1987-10-06
申请人： Klaus-Georg Hackman , Reinhard Liebe , Enno Freesemann , Willi Thiele , Waldemar Wochnowski
发明人： Klaus-Georg Hackman , Reinhard Liebe , Enno Freesemann , Willi Thiele , Waldemar Wochnowski
IPC分类号： A24B5/16 , A24B3/18
CPC分类号： A24B5/16 , Y10S131/903
摘要： Fragments of tobacco ribs are puffed in an elongated tunnel which is vibrated to advance the particles from the inlet toward the outlet. The particles in the tunnel are contacted by streamlets of supersaturated or superheated steam at such temperature and pressure that the temperature of the particles is raised to between 100.5.degree. and 120.degree. C. To this end, steam is admitted at 2.5 to 25 bar absolute pressure and at a temperature of between 126.degree. and 400.degree. C. The thus heated particles of tobacco ribs are thereupon dried.
摘要翻译：烟草肋条的碎片膨胀在细长的隧道中，其被振动以将颗粒从入口推向出口。在这样的温度和压力下，隧道内的颗粒与过饱和或过热蒸汽的流接触，使得颗粒的温度升高到100.5和120℃之间。为此，允许蒸汽以2.5至25巴的绝对压力并且在126℃至400℃之间的温度下，将如此加热的烟草颗粒随后干燥。

2. 发明授权

US4586517A Method and apparatus for ascertaining the filling power of tobacco 失效
标题翻译：确定烟草填充力的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4586517A
公开(公告)日：1986-05-06
申请号：US512160
申请日：1983-07-08
申请人： Waldemar Wochnowski
发明人： Waldemar Wochnowski
IPC分类号： A24C5/34 , A24C5/343 , G01N3/00 , G01N3/40 , G01N19/00 , A24C5/39
CPC分类号： A24C5/343 , G01N3/40 , G01N2203/0019
摘要： A method of and an apparatus for ascertaining the filling power of tobacco which forms a continuously moving stream by subjecting spaced-apart portions of the stream to the deforming action of two rollers in such a way that the deforming action of the downstream roller exceeds the deforming action of the upstream roller. The extent of deformation of tobacco below the two rollers is ascertained by monitoring devices serving to generate signals for transmission to a dividing circuit which forms the quotient of such signals. The quotient is indicative of the filling power of tobacco. The signal at the output of the dividing circuit can be modified by taking into consideration the moisture content and/or the temperature of tobacco and/or by involution of such signal with an exponent ensuring that the signal denoting the filler power is furnished in units suitable for immediate use in a machine which increases and/or regulates the filling power of tobacco.
摘要翻译：一种用于确定烟草的填充力的方法和装置，其通过使流的间隔部分对两个辊的变形作用使得下游辊的变形作用超过变形的方式形成连续移动的流上游辊的作用。通过用于产生信号的监测装置确定烟草在两个辊下方的变形程度，以传输到形成这种信号的商的分割电路。商是烟草填充力的指示。可以通过考虑烟草的水分含量和/或温度和/或通过使这种信号与指数的回归来修改分割电路的输出处的信号，确保表示填充力的信号以适合的单位提供立即用于增加和/或调节烟草填充力的机器中。

3. 发明授权

US4172515A Method and apparatus for supplying tobacco to tobacco cutting machines 失效
标题翻译：向烟草切割机供应烟草的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4172515A
公开(公告)日：1979-10-30
申请号：US787556
申请日：1977-04-14
申请人： Waldemar Wochnowski
发明人： Waldemar Wochnowski
IPC分类号： A24B7/14 , B65D90/48 , B65G43/08
CPC分类号： B65D90/48 , A24B7/14 , Y10S131/909
摘要： The moving parts of a tobacco cutting machine and the conveyor or conveyors which transfer tobacco to the cutting machine are driven by a variable speed motor whose speed is regulated in dependency on the volume of tobacco in a duct from which the conveyor or conveyors draw or receive tobacco for transfer into the machine. The height of the pile of tobacco in the duct is monitored by photoelectric cells which transmit signals to a speed regulator for the motor so that the speed of the motor increases and decreases when the height of the pile respectively increases and decreases. The duct receives tobacco from a magazine. Fluctuations of the height of tobacco pile in the duct are due to variations in the rate of tobacco feed from the magazine and/or to changes in size, moisture content and/or temperature of tobacco which is being supplied to the duct. The magazine can supply tobacco to the ducts of two or more discrete cutting machines and the apparatus then includes a distributor which feeds tobacco to all ducts at an equal rate. The outlets of the ducts are sealable by gates which close in response to stoppage of the respective motors. The remaining duct or ducts then receive tobacco at a higher rate which, in turn, results in acceleration of the respective motor or motors.
摘要翻译：烟草切割机的运动部件和将烟草转移到切割机器的输送机或输送机由变速马达驱动，变速马达的速度根据输送机或输送机从其中抽出或接收的管道中的烟草的体积来调节烟草转移到机器。管道中烟丝的高度由光电池监测，光电池将信号传输到马达的速度调节器，使得当桩的高度分别增加和减小时，马达的速度增加和减少。管道从杂志收到烟草。烟道在管道中的高度的波动是由于来自料仓的烟草进料速率的变化和/或正在供应给管道的烟草的尺寸，含水量和/或温度的变化引起的。杂志可以向两个或更多个离散切割机的管道供应烟草，并且该设备然后包括分配器，其以相等的速率将烟草供给到所有管道。管道的出口可以通过响应于各个电机的停止而闭合的门来密封。剩余的管道或管道然后以更高的速率接收烟草，这又导致相应的电动机或电动机的加速。

4. 发明授权

US4116203A Method and apparatus for blending tobacco 失效
标题翻译：烟草混合方法和设备
公开(公告)号：US4116203A
公开(公告)日：1978-09-26
申请号：US711704
申请日：1976-08-05
申请人： Waldemar Wochnowski
发明人： Waldemar Wochnowski
IPC分类号： A24C5/39 , A24B3/08 , A24B3/12 , B01F11/00 , B01F13/02
CPC分类号： A24B3/08 , A24B3/12
摘要： Shredded tobacco is blended with expanded tobacco on the foraminous bottom wall of an elongated vibratory conveyor which receives overlapping streams of shredded and expanded tobacco at one end of the bottom wall in such quantities that the ratio of shredded tobacco to expanded tobacco remains constant. Blowers are provided to supply compressed hot and cool air against the underside of the bottom wall whereby streamlets of air pass through the perforations of the bottom wall and travel across the particles of tobacco in the vibratory conveyor to convert such particles into a fluidized bed of substantially constant height which advances toward the other end of the bottom wall. The speed of streamlets is reduced above the fluidized bed to prevent the ascending streamlets from entraining appreciable quantities of particles from the bed. The particles which form the fluidized bed are intimately mixed with each other before they leave the conveyor. A nozzle is provided to sprinkle atomized casing or top flavor onto the fluidized bed above the bottom wall.
摘要翻译：切碎的烟草与膨胀的烟草在细长的振动输送机的多孔底壁上混合，其在底壁的一端接收重叠的切碎和膨胀的烟草流，其量使得烟丝与膨胀烟草的比例保持不变。提供鼓风机以将压缩的热和冷空气提供抵靠底壁的下侧，从而空气流通过底壁的穿孔，并穿过振动输送机中的烟草颗粒，将这些颗粒转化成基本上恒定的高度朝着底壁的另一端前进。流化床的流速降低到流化床以上，以防止上升的水流从床中吸入可观量的颗粒。形成流化床的颗粒在离开输送机之前彼此紧密混合。提供喷嘴以将雾化的壳体或顶部香料喷洒到底壁上方的流化床上。

5. 发明授权

US5063943A Method of and apparatus for monitoring the quality of a tobacco stream 失效
标题翻译：监测烟草质量的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5063943A
公开(公告)日：1991-11-12
申请号：US525081
申请日：1990-05-17
申请人： Waldemar Wochnowski
发明人： Waldemar Wochnowski
IPC分类号： A24C5/34 , A24C5/18
CPC分类号： A24C5/1871 , Y10S131/906 , Y10S131/908
摘要： The ratio of different types of tobacco in a tobacco stream which is conveyed past a trimming device is monitored by monitoring the distance of the trimming plan from the conveyor for the stream while the mass flow of the stream is maintained at a constant value. Variations of the distance of the trimming plane from the conveyor are indicative of variations of the ratio of different tobaccos in the stream, and such variations are further indicative of fluctuations of filling power of tobacco which forms the stream.
摘要翻译：通过在流的质量流量保持恒定值的同时监测修剪计划与流动输送机的距离，监测通过修整装置输送的烟草流中不同类型烟草的比例。修剪平面与输送机的距离的变化指示流中不同烟草的比例的变化，并且这种变化进一步指示形成流的烟草的填充功率的波动。

6. 发明授权

US5025813A Method and apparatus for making tobacco shreds 失效
标题翻译：制作烟丝的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5025813A
公开(公告)日：1991-06-25
申请号：US286355
申请日：1988-12-19
申请人： Reinhard Liebe , Waldemar Wochnowski
发明人： Reinhard Liebe , Waldemar Wochnowski
IPC分类号： A24B3/04 , A24B3/02 , A24B3/06 , A24B3/18 , A24B7/04 , A24B7/14
CPC分类号： A24B3/06 , A24B3/02 , A24B7/14
摘要： Bales or portions of bales of relatively dry compressed tobacco leaf laminae or ribs are heated microwaves, or in an to a temperature not less than 50.degree. C., and are immediately admitted into a shredding machine without previous cooling and/or breaking up. The moisture content of the shreds is raised to between 12 and 13.5% for admission into a cigarette maker, or such moisture content is raised well above the optimum value for further processing in order to increase the filling power of the shreds. The shreds are thereupon dried to reduce their moisture content to between 12 and 13.5% prior to conversion into the filler of a cigarette rod. Two or more different types of shreds can be mixed prior to admission into the cigarette maker. The rate at which the shredding machine discharges a stream of shreds is kept constant by monitoring the density of successive bales or portions of bales and by regulating the speed at which the bales or portions of bales are delivered to the shredding station in dependency on the mass of the respective bales or portions of bales.

7. 发明授权

US4932424A Apparatus for conditioning tobacco and like fibrous materials 失效
标题翻译：用于调理烟草和纤维材料的装置
公开(公告)号：US4932424A
公开(公告)日：1990-06-12
申请号：US184792
申请日：1988-04-22
申请人： Reinhard Liebe , Waldemar Wochnowski , Enno Freesemann
发明人： Reinhard Liebe , Waldemar Wochnowski , Enno Freesemann
IPC分类号： A24B3/04 , A24B3/18
CPC分类号： A24B3/04 , A24B3/182
摘要： Apparatus for puffing, drying or moisturizing tobacco has a conveyor defining an elongated channel with an inlet and an outlet for particles of tobacco. The conveyor is vibrated so that the particles advance toward the outlet, and the bottom wall of the conveyor has orifices which serve to discharge jets of hot air or steam into the channel in such orientation that the jets of admitted fluid medium are inclined to each other, to the direction of advancement of tobacco particles and/or to the vertical. The orifices receive fluid from a chamber which is provided beneath the bottom wall and is connected to a source of steam or hot air. An advantage of the apparatus is that the exchange of heat and/or moisture between tobacco particles and the fluid is highly satisfactory, as well as that substances which are propelled by jets of fluid toward the top wall of the conveyor are more or less uniformly distributed along the entire top wall so that they are less likely to gather into large cakes which could become separated from the top wall to enter the flow of tobacco particles and to advance therewith to the next processing station. The bottom wall of the conveyor can have an undulate shape with the orifices provided in the flanks of hills which alternate with the valleys of such bottom wall.
摘要翻译：用于膨化，干燥或保湿烟草的设备具有限定具有用于烟草颗粒的入口和出口的细长通道的输送器。输送机振动，使得颗粒朝向出口前进，并且输送机的底壁具有用于以这样的取向将热空气或蒸汽喷射到通道中的孔口，使得允许的流体介质的喷嘴彼此倾斜，到烟草颗粒的进展方向和/或垂直方向。孔口从设置在底壁下方并连接到蒸汽或热空气源的室中接收流体。该设备的优点在于，烟草颗粒与流体之间的热和/或湿气的交换是非常令人满意的，以及通过流体喷射流体朝向输送机的顶壁推进的物质或多或少均匀分布沿着整个顶壁，使得它们不太可能聚集成可以从顶壁分离的大蛋糕，以进入烟草颗粒的流动并随之推进到下一个加工站。输送机的底壁可以具有波形形状，其中设置在与这种底壁的谷交替的山丘的侧面中的孔。

8. 发明授权

US4300201A Method and apparatus for ascertaining the bulk weight of tobacco or the like 失效
标题翻译：用于确定烟草等的体重的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4300201A
公开(公告)日：1981-11-10
申请号：US76411
申请日：1979-09-17
申请人： Waldemar Wochnowski
发明人： Waldemar Wochnowski
IPC分类号： G01N9/02 , G01G11/00 , G06F15/46
CPC分类号： G01N9/02
摘要： Bulk weight of a stream of tobacco leaves which are transported toward a destalking machine is ascertained by equalizing the stream and determining the density of the equalized stream. Signals which denote the density of the stream are used to regulate the rate of admission of compressed classifying air into the destalking machine wherein compressed air separates tobacco leaf laminae from tobacco ribs.
摘要翻译：通过使流平衡并确定均衡流的密度来确定通向搅拌机输送的烟叶流的散装重量。用于表示流的密度的信号用于调节压缩分级空气进入脱粘机中的速度，其中压缩空气将烟叶叶片与烟条分开。

9. 发明授权

US4143471A Method and apparatus for conditioning tobacco 失效
标题翻译：用于调理烟草的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4143471A
公开(公告)日：1979-03-13
申请号：US448949
申请日：1974-03-07
申请人： Waldemar Wochnowski , Reinhard Hohm
发明人： Waldemar Wochnowski , Reinhard Hohm
IPC分类号： A24B3/04 , F26B3/08
CPC分类号： A24B3/04
摘要： The moisture content of tobacco, particularly greenleaf tobacco, is reduced to an accurately determined value by conveying a continuous tobacco stream through three successive sections of a transporting system wherein the tobacco is contacted by air currents. In accordance with a first embodiment, a relatively hot current of air is conveyed countercurrent to the direction of tobacco transport in the first section of the transporting system; in the second section, the flow of hot air is concurrent with the direction of tobacco transport; in the third section, the tobacco is contacted by relatively cool air having a relatively high moisture content. The air which is conveyed through the third section can be withdrawn from the first section, and the temperature of air in the second section is regulated as a function of deviations of moisture content of partially or completely conditioned tobacco from a desired moisture content. The temperature and moisture content of air in the third section are maintained at a constant value to bring about a hygroscopic equilibrium between air and tobacco particles in the third section. In accordance with a second embodiment, the particles of tobacco are subjected to the homogenizing action of moist air currents in the third and/or first section of the transporting system whereby the homogenizing of tobacco in the first section insures that tobacco entering the second section has a uniform moisture content and the homogenizing in third section compensates for eventual lack of uniform drying action in the section.
摘要翻译：通过将连续的烟草流输送通过传送系统的三个连续部分，其中烟草与气流接触，烟草，特别是绿叶烟草的含水量被降低到准确的确定值。根据第一实施例，在输送系统的第一部分中，相对热的空气流与烟草输送方向逆流地传送; 在第二部分，热空气流与烟草运输方向同时发生; 在第三部分中，烟草被具有相对较高水分含量的相对较冷的空气接触。通过第三部分输送的空气可以从第一部分抽出，并且第二部分中的空气的温度作为部分或完全调节的烟草的水分含量与期望的水分含量的偏差的函数来调节。第三部分中的空气的温度和水分含量保持在恒定值，以在第三部分中产生空气和烟草颗粒之间的吸湿平衡。根据第二实施例，烟草颗粒在运输系统的第三和/或第一部分中经受湿气流的均匀化作用，由此第一部分中烟草的均质化确保进入第二部分的烟草具有均匀的含水量和第三部分的均质补偿了该部分最终缺乏均匀的干燥作用。

10. 发明授权

US3978867A Apparatus for increasing the volume of moist tobacco 失效
标题翻译：用于增加潮湿烟草的体积的装置
公开(公告)号：US3978867A
公开(公告)日：1976-09-07
申请号：US566338
申请日：1975-04-09
申请人： Waldemar Wochnowski
发明人： Waldemar Wochnowski
IPC分类号： A24B3/18
CPC分类号： A24B3/182
摘要： Particles of a tobacco stream are first expanded by passing through a liquid bath with attendant increase in volume. The thus expanded particles of the tobacco are thereupon conveyed through a drying zone wherein the particles are externally heated by hot air for a short period of time to thus effect rapid drying of strata immediately adjacent to external surfaces of the particles and to thereby stabilize the particles against shrinkage. In the last step, the tobacco stream is forcibly cooled with air to effect a condensation of vaporized moisture in the capillaries.
摘要翻译：首先通过液体浴膨胀烟草流的颗粒，伴随着体积的增加。这样膨胀的烟草颗粒随后被输送通过干燥区，其中颗粒被热空气外部加热一段短时间，从而快速干燥紧邻颗粒外表面的层，从而使颗粒稳定反收缩。在最后一步中，烟气流被空气强制冷却以使毛细管中的气化水分冷凝。

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