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    • 7. 发明授权
    • Sensor having electrode for determining the rate of flow of a fluid
    • 传感器具有用于确定流体流速的电极
    • US06801041B2
    • 2004-10-05
    • US10145837
    • 2002-05-14
    • Shridhara Alva KarinkaIsabella MoserGerhard JobstUwe TietjenPanagiota S. PetrouUwe HerberthGerald Urban
    • Shridhara Alva KarinkaIsabella MoserGerhard JobstUwe TietjenPanagiota S. PetrouUwe HerberthGerald Urban
    • G01N2702
    • G01F1/64C12Q1/006
    • Sensors that are capable measuring the rate of flow of a fluid that passes over the electrodes of the sensor. In these sensors, an electrode, designated the flow rate-determining electrode, is used in conjunction with the conventional electrodes, e.g., the working electrode, the reference electrode, and the counter electrode, to determine the rate of flow of the fluid. In one aspect, this invention provides a sensor for measuring the concentration of an analyte in a sample of fluid when the sample flows continuously over the electrodes of the sensor, especially when the rate of flow of the sample is relatively low. In another aspect, this invention provides a method for measuring the concentration of an analyte in a sample of fluid, wherein the rate of flow of the sample varies during the period of time that the sensor is in place. In a preferred embodiment, the sensor employs four electrodes, namely, a working electrode, a reference electrode, a counter electrode, and a flow rate-determining electrode. Alternatively, a single electrode that performs both the function of the reference electrode and the function of the counter electrode can replace the reference electrode and the counter electrode. In addition, a dummy electrode or a blank electrode can be used to compensate for interference from electrochemically active species. The reagent(s) specific to the analyte of interest is required to be deposited on the working electrode.
    • 能够测量通过传感器电极的流体流速的传感器。 在这些传感器中,与常规电极(例如工作电极,参比电极和对电极)结合使用称为流速确定电极的电极,以确定流体的流速。 一方面,本发明提供一种传感器,用于当样品连续地流过传感器的电极时,特别是当样品的流速相对较低时,用于测量流体样品中分析物的浓度。 在另一方面,本发明提供了一种用于测量流体样品中分析物浓度的方法,其中样品的流速在传感器就位的时间段内变化。 在优选实施例中,传感器使用四个电极,即工作电极,参考电极,对电极和流速确定电极。 或者,执行参考电极的功能和对电极的功能的单个电极可以替代参考电极和对电极。 此外,可以使用虚拟电极或空白电极来补偿来自电化学活性物质的干扰。 需要将特定于目标分析物的试剂沉积在工作电极上。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Electrochemical cell
    • 电化学电池
    • US08354012B2
    • 2013-01-15
    • US12038928
    • 2008-02-28
    • Terence Alan ReidShridhara Alva KarinkaMilind P. NagaleYi WangGurdial Sanghera
    • Terence Alan ReidShridhara Alva KarinkaMilind P. NagaleYi WangGurdial Sanghera
    • G01N27/327
    • G01N27/3272
    • An electrochemical cell for detection and quantification of analytes in a liquid sample, particularly a liquid sample having a small volume. In a preferred embodiment, the electrochemical cell comprises an assembly of conducting layers and insulating layers. The electrochemical cell can be formed by depositing conducting materials and insulating materials in alternating layers on an insulating substrate. It is preferred that the layer furthest from the insulating substrate be an insulating layer to minimize the damage of the conducting layers during handling of the electrochemical cell. In another embodiment, the assembly of conducting layers and insulating layers can be formed on both major surfaces of the insulating substrate. The assembly can comprise at least one working electrode and at least one other electrode, e.g., a dual-purpose reference/counter electrode.
    • 一种电化学电池,用于检测和定量液体样品中的分析物,特别是具有小体积的液体样品。 在优选实施例中,电化学电池包括导电层和绝缘层的组件。 电化学电池可以通过在绝缘基板上交替地沉积导电材料和绝缘材料来形成。 优选地,离绝缘基板最远的层是绝缘层,以在处理电化学电池期间最小化导电层的损伤。 在另一个实施例中,导电层和绝缘层的组合可以形成在绝缘基板的两个主表面上。 该组件可以包括至少一个工作电极和至少一个其它电极,例如双用途参考/对电极。