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    • 3. 发明授权
    • MAC-address based virtual route aggregation
    • 基于MAC地址的虚拟路由聚合
    • US08208377B2
    • 2012-06-26
    • US12732653
    • 2010-03-26
    • Krishnamurthy SubramanianShivi FotedarJanardhnan Narasimhan
    • Krishnamurthy SubramanianShivi FotedarJanardhnan Narasimhan
    • G01R31/08
    • H04L45/54H04L45/04H04L45/66
    • An autonomous system includes at least some packet network devices that are capable of operating in a virtual route aggregation environment and some packet network devices that are not capable of operating in a virtual route aggregation environment. The autonomous system includes at least one egress border router, at least one aggregation router and at least one intermediate router. The egress border router uses an interior border gateway protocol to distribute a label message to the other routers in the autonomous system, the label message including a next hop MAC address associated with either an external router or the egress border router. The egress border router and the intermediate router using information included in the label message to contrast layer 2 table entries and the aggregation router using information included in the label message to construct a layer 3 table entry. The aggregation router receives a packet with a virtual prefix that corresponds to a virtual prefix in a list of virtual prefixes stored by the aggregation router, and routes the packet over a virtual path corresponding to one of the virtual prefixes.
    • 自治系统至少包括能够在虚拟路由聚合环境中操作的分组网络设备和不能在虚拟路由聚合环境中操作的一些分组网络设备。 自治系统包括至少一个出口边界路由器,至少一个聚合路由器和至少一个中间路由器。 出口边界路由器使用内部边界网关协议将标签消息分发到自治系统中的其他路由器,标签消息包括与外部路由器或出口边界路由器相关联的下一跳MAC地址。 出口边界路由器和中间路由器使用标签消息中包含的信息来对比第二层表项和聚合路由器,使用包含在标签消息中的信息构建一个第三层表项。 汇聚路由器接收到具有与聚合路由器存储的虚拟前缀列表中的虚拟前缀对应的虚拟前缀的分组,并通过与虚拟前缀之一相对应的虚拟路径进行路由。
    • 4. 发明授权
    • Method and apparatus for providing virtual point to point connections in a network
    • 用于在网络中提供虚拟点对点连接的方法和装置
    • US07839869B1
    • 2010-11-23
    • US11201723
    • 2005-08-11
    • Shivi FotedarRajeev ManurSomsubhra Sikdar
    • Shivi FotedarRajeev ManurSomsubhra Sikdar
    • H04L12/28
    • H04L45/38H04L12/462H04L45/66
    • Transparent point-to-point connectivity is provided between an incoming interface on an ingress node and an outgoing interface on an egress node in a network. An address associated with the egress node is circulated to the nodes in the network and a next hop address toward the egress node address is determined at each node. A label value is circulated along with the egress node address to the nodes. Examples of label values can include VLAN Ids or Multi-protocol Label Switching (MPLS) labels. If data is received having the label value, the node receiving the data identifies the next hop address associated with that label value and transfers the data to the next hop associated with the identified next hop address.
    • 入口节点的入接口和网络中出口节点的出接口之间提供透明的点对点连接。 与出口节点相关联的地址被循环到网络中的节点,并且在每个节点处确定朝向出口节点地址的下一跳地址。 标签值与出口节点地址一起传播到节点。 标签值的示例可以包括VLAN ID或多协议标签交换(MPLS)标签。 如果接收到具有标签值的数据,则接收数据的节点识别与该标签值相关联的下一跳地址,并将该数据传送到与所识别的下一跳地址相关联的下一跳。
    • 5. 发明授权
    • Multi clip binder with unique clip positioning
    • 多夹夹具具有独特的夹子定位
    • US5845941A
    • 1998-12-08
    • US690497
    • 1996-07-31
    • Shivi Fotedar
    • Shivi Fotedar
    • B42F9/00B42F13/14
    • B42F9/008
    • A clip binder for holding paper which does not require damaging the material to be held within the clips. The clip binder has a front cover, a binder spine, a back cover and a pair of clips mounted on each end of the binder spine. The clips have a clip spine and two retainer walls which together define the jaws within which the paper is inserted. The clips are positioned perpendicularly to the binder spine such that the jaws face each other and are at right angles to the binder spine. The height of the retainer walls are constructed low so that the papers can be easily leafed through and without and fold back problems. In an alternative embodiment, the clips are slidably mounted to the binder spine. In yet another embodiment, the clips are rotatably mounted to the binder spine.
    • 用于保持纸张的夹子夹具,其不需要损坏待保持在夹子内的材料。 夹子夹具具有前盖,粘合剂脊柱,后盖和安装在粘合剂脊柱两端的一对夹子。 夹具有夹子脊和两个保持器壁,它们一起限定插入纸张的爪。 夹子垂直于粘合剂脊定位,使得夹爪彼此面对并且与粘合剂脊线成直角。 保持器壁的高度被构造得较低,使得纸张可以容易地穿过并且没有和折回的问题。 在替代实施例中,夹子可滑动地安装到粘合剂脊柱上。 在另一个实施例中,夹子可旋转地安装到粘合剂脊柱上。
    • 7. 发明申请
    • MAC-Address Based Virtual Route Aggregation
    • 基于MAC地址的虚拟路由聚合
    • US20110235545A1
    • 2011-09-29
    • US12732653
    • 2010-03-26
    • KRISHNAMURTHY SUBRAMANIANSHIVI FOTEDARJANARDHNAN NARASIMHAN
    • KRISHNAMURTHY SUBRAMANIANSHIVI FOTEDARJANARDHNAN NARASIMHAN
    • H04L12/28H04L12/56
    • H04L45/54H04L45/04H04L45/66
    • An autonomous system includes at least some packet network devices that are capable of operating in a virtual route aggregation environment and some packet network devices that are not capable of operating in a virtual route aggregation environment. The autonomous system includes at least one egress border router, at least one aggregation router and at least one intermediate router. The egress border router uses an interior border gateway protocol to distribute a label message to the other routers in the autonomous system, the label message including a next hop MAC address associated with either an external router or the egress border router. The egress border router and the intermediate router using information included in the label message to contrast layer 2 table entries and the aggregation router using information included in the label message to construct a layer 3 table entry. The aggregation router receives a packet with a virtual prefix that corresponds to a virtual prefix in a list of virtual prefixes stored by the aggregation router, and routes the packet over a virtual path corresponding to one of the virtual prefixes.
    • 自治系统至少包括能够在虚拟路由聚合环境中操作的分组网络设备和不能在虚拟路由聚合环境中操作的一些分组网络设备。 自治系统包括至少一个出口边界路由器,至少一个聚合路由器和至少一个中间路由器。 出口边界路由器使用内部边界网关协议将标签消息分发到自治系统中的其他路由器,标签消息包括与外部路由器或出口边界路由器相关联的下一跳MAC地址。 出口边界路由器和中间路由器使用标签消息中包含的信息来对比第二层表项和聚合路由器,使用包含在标签消息中的信息构建一个第三层表项。 汇聚路由器接收到具有与聚合路由器存储的虚拟前缀列表中的虚拟前缀对应的虚拟前缀的分组,并通过与虚拟前缀之一相对应的虚拟路径进行路由。