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1. 发明授权

US06522920B2 System and method of protecting transformer-driven switches from external magnetic fields 失效
公开(公告)号：US06522920B2
公开(公告)日：2003-02-18
申请号：US09735168
申请日：2000-12-11
申请人： Sergiu Silvian , Wayne A. Morgan
发明人： Sergiu Silvian , Wayne A. Morgan
IPC分类号： A61N108
CPC分类号： A61N1/08
摘要： A protection device for use in an implantable medical device such as an ICD that communicates with an external programmer. The protection device includes one or more control blocks that inhibit gate triggers for the switching elements (IGBTs) of an H-bridge whenever the drive voltage for these switching elements falls below a pre-determined level. Each control block provides a controlled path to charge the IGBT gate when triggering is required and, importantly, when the gate drive voltage is above a predetermined threshold. The control block further prevents inadvertent or spurious triggering and protects the gate circuitry of the switching elements by providing a low impedance path between the gates and sources of the IGBTs when the latter switching elements are intended to be turned OFF. Additionally, the control blocks protect the IGBTs from over-voltage effects by clamping the output of the gate trigger with a shunt regulator circuit.

2. 发明授权

US4972438A Self-oscillating transmitter 失效
标题翻译：自振发射机
公开(公告)号：US4972438A
公开(公告)日：1990-11-20
申请号：US391078
申请日：1989-08-08
申请人： Sergiu Silvian
发明人： Sergiu Silvian
IPC分类号： A61N1/08 , A61N1/362 , H03B5/08 , H04B1/04
CPC分类号： H03B5/08
摘要： A device for use as a self-oscillating Class D transmitter is disclosed which uses feedback to maintain the oscillation at the resonant frequency of the device, thereby optimizing the efficiency of operation and overcoming the frequency mismatching inherent in previously known transmitters. The device uses a series LC combination which is driven by a comparator and a tri-state logic driver, with a feedback loop using a differentiator used to switch the polarity of the square wave generator. The system thus self-oscillates at the resonant frequency of the capacitor and inductor, even when the inductance of the inductor is varied by the inductor coming into close proximity to another inductor.

3. 发明授权

US4944299A High speed digital telemetry system for implantable device 失效
标题翻译：用于植入式装置的高速数字遥测系统
公开(公告)号：US4944299A
公开(公告)日：1990-07-31
申请号：US391080
申请日：1989-08-08
申请人： Sergiu Silvian
发明人： Sergiu Silvian
IPC分类号： G08C17/00 , A61N1/37 , A61N1/372 , G06F17/15 , H04B5/00 , H04L23/00 , H04L25/49 , H04L25/497 , H04L27/18 , H04Q9/00 , H04Q9/14
CPC分类号： A61N1/37223 , A61N1/3727 , Y10S128/903
摘要： A high speed digital telemetry system (10) includes a transmitter (12) and a receiver (14), at least one of which is adapted for use in an implantable device. The transmitter includes a data encoder (14), modulator (16), transmitting coil (20), and transmitting coil drive circuit (18). The data encoder examines prescribed incoming data bits and prior encoded data bits, generating an encoded data stream (36) that includes a data transition only when a prescribed correlation is noted amongst the examined bits. The modulator modulates a carrier signal (34) with the encoded data stream, causing a phase reversal of the carrier at each data transition of the encoded data stream. The transmitting coil drive circuit applies the modulated carrier (38) to the transmitting coil. The receiver includes a receiving coil (22) and associated amplifier (24) and bandpass filter (26) for detecting the transmitted modulated carrier. The bandpass filter is centered at the frequency of the carrier, passing the carrier only when no phase reversals are present. This results in an on-off signal at the frequency of the carrier. An AM detector (28) detects when the signal is present and when it is not, and appropriate decision logic (30) applies a suitable acceptance criteria to the detected signal to define the received binary data.

4. 发明授权

US4742831A Selection and isolation apparatus for use with ECG device 失效
标题翻译：选择和隔离装置用于心电图设备
公开(公告)号：US4742831A
公开(公告)日：1988-05-10
申请号：US800478
申请日：1985-11-21
申请人： Sergiu Silvian
发明人： Sergiu Silvian
IPC分类号： A61B5/0428 , A61B5/04
CPC分类号： A61B5/04282 , Y10S128/902 , Y10S128/908
摘要： Isolation circuitry for use with diagnostic ECG devices provides high common mode rejection and low leakage current using optoisolators in conjunction with an isolating operational amplifier. A predetermined pattern of binary input signals selectively energizes, via the optoisolators, a plurality of switches interposed between electrodes positioned on a patient's skin and the isolating operational amplifier. This selection couples a predetermined combination of electrodes to the isolating operational amplifier to provide the desired ECG output. The output from the isolating operational amplifier may be coupled directly to a recording device or coupled to a circuit which processes the ECG signal before the signal is recorded.
摘要翻译：用于诊断ECG设备的隔离电路通过与隔离运算放大器结合使用光隔离器提供高共模抑制和低漏电流。二进制输入信号的预定模式通过光隔离器选择性地激励位于患者皮肤上的电极和隔离运算放大器之间的多个开关。该选择将预定的电极组合耦合到隔离运算放大器以提供期望的ECG输出。来自隔离运算放大器的输出可以直接耦合到记录装置，或耦合到在记录信号之前处理ECG信号的电路。

5. 发明授权

US06577898B2 Bi-directional telemetry system and method for transmitting data at high transmission rate 失效
标题翻译：双向遥测系统和高速传输数据的方法
公开(公告)号：US06577898B2
公开(公告)日：2003-06-10
申请号：US09844190
申请日：2001-04-26
申请人： Sergiu Silvian
发明人： Sergiu Silvian
IPC分类号： A61N136
CPC分类号： A61N1/3727 , H04L27/365
摘要： A bi-directional telemetry system includes an implanted unit that allows a high-speed transfer of digital data with minimal complexity of the electronic circuitry. A corresponding external unit is capable of decoding the high-data-rate transmitted information and, in turn, communicates with the implanted unit using pulse amplitude modulation. The data transmission rate of the implanted unit to the external device is 32 kbps, a four-fold increase over conventional data transmission rates, without increasing the carrier frequency. To this end, the implanted unit using a modified implementation of the quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) method that generates the required symbols from readily available squarewave signals. Simulated sinewaves are generated within the transmitter by an inverting amplifier stage with variable input resistance determined by a pair of switches that are ultimately controlled by 16 k and 32 k clocks in the implanted unit. Data is encoded by changing the amplitude and polarity of the simulated sinewaves. Quadrupling of the data rate is achieved by taking advantage of the orthogonality of I and Q components, whose phases are in quadrature.
摘要翻译：双向遥测系统包括植入单元，其允许以最小的电子电路的复杂性高速传输数字数据。对应的外部单元能够对高数据速率传输的信息进行解码，并且使用脉冲幅度调制进而与植入单元进行通信。植入单元到外部设备的数据传输速率为32kbps，比传统数据传输速率提高了四倍，而不增加载波频率。为此，植入单元使用从容易获得的方波信号产生所需符号的正交幅度调制（QAM）方法的修改实现。模拟的正弦波通过反相放大器级在发射机内产生，可变输入电阻由一对开关确定，最终由植入单元中的16 k和32 k时钟控制。数据通过改变模拟正弦波的振幅和极性进行编码。通过利用相位正交的I和Q分量的正交性来实现数据速率的四倍。

6. 发明授权

US06477414B1 Transformer assembly for implantable cardiac stimulation device 失效
标题翻译：用于植入式心脏刺激装置的变压器组件
公开(公告)号：US06477414B1
公开(公告)日：2002-11-05
申请号：US09844035
申请日：2001-04-26
申请人： Sergiu Silvian
发明人： Sergiu Silvian
IPC分类号： A61N139
CPC分类号： A61N1/3975 , A61N1/3981
摘要： The transformer assembly is coupled between a power supply and a pulse delivery circuit of the implantable cardiac stimulation device for charging a pair of defibrillation capacitors for delivering defibrillation pulses. The power transformer assembly is formed from a printed circuit board (PCB) having a set of transformer coil turns embedded therein and a transformer core mounted adjacent to the windings of the PCB. By embedding the coil of the transformer within the PCB, the transformer may be more easily integrated with other components of the stimulation device so that the overall size of the stimulation device may be reduced. Moreover, the use of a PCB helps avoid reliability problems that might otherwise occur in the fabrication, assembly and operation of the device. In one specific configuration described herein, the transformer assembly includes a primary and two secondary transformers. The primary transformer is used as a flyback transformer for charging the pair of defibrillation capacitors. The two secondary transformers are used to provide voltage for selectively switching on a set of transistors formed in an H-bridge configuration so as to apply charge stored in the capacitors in biphasic pulse waveform to the heart. The coils of the primary and secondary transformers are all embedded within a single PCB. In another configuration, only the coil of the primary transformer is embedded within the PCB. The coils of the two secondary transformers are affixed to the surface of the PCB.
摘要翻译：变压器组件耦合在电源和可植入心脏刺激装置的脉冲输送电路之间，用于对一对用于递送除颤脉冲的除颤电容器进行充电。电力变压器组件由具有嵌入其中的一组变压器线圈圈的印刷电路板（PCB）形成，以及与PCB的绕组相邻安装的变压器芯。通过将变压器的线圈嵌入PCB内，变压器可以更容易地与刺激装置的其他部件集成，使得可以减小刺激装置的总体尺寸。此外，PCB的使用有助于避免在器件的制造，组装和操作中可能发生的可靠性问题。在本文所述的一种特定配置中，变压器组件包括主变压器和两个次级变压器。主变压器用作反激式变压器，用于对一对除颤电容器进行充电。两个次级变压器用于提供电压，用于选择性地接通以H桥配置形成的一组晶体管，以将存储在电容器中的电荷施加到双相脉冲波形到心脏。主变压器和次级变压器的线圈都嵌入单个PCB。在另一种配置中，只有主变压器的线圈嵌入在PCB内。两个次级变压器的线圈固定在PCB的表面上。

7. 发明授权

US5769876A Method and apparatus for telemetering data bidirectionally between two devices, one device incorporating a coarse phase adjustment and the other device incorporating a fine phase adjustment 失效
标题翻译：用于在两个装置之间双向遥测数据的方法和装置，一个结合粗略相位调整的装置和包含精细相位调整的另一装置
公开(公告)号：US5769876A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-23
申请号：US674486
申请日：1996-07-02
申请人： Sergiu Silvian
发明人： Sergiu Silvian
IPC分类号： A61F2/02 , A61N1/372 , H04L27/18 , A61M1/37
CPC分类号： A61N1/37252 , H04L27/18 , A61F2250/0002 , Y10S128/903
摘要： An improved system is disclosed for telemetering data bidirectionally between two devices such as an implantable device and an external programmer. The two devices both include clock generators that operate at the same nominal frequency, but only one of the devices (i.e., the programmer) includes a phase-locked loop receiver that adjusts the frequency and phase of its clock signal to match that of the received data. The clock generator of the other device (i.e., the implantable device) generates a fixed-phase clock signal, which is selectively inverted or not inverted, to adjust its phase by 180.degree.. This selective 180.degree. adjustment enables the programmer's phase-locked loop receiver to have a reduced, .+-.90.degree. pull-in range, which simplifies its construction and reduces the time required to achieve synchronization.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于在诸如可植入装置和外部编程器的两个装置之间双向遥测数据的改进的系统。这两个设备都包括以相同标称频率工作的时钟发生器，但只有一个器件（即编程器）包括一个锁相环接收器，它调整其时钟信号的频率和相位以匹配接收到的时钟信号数据。另一装置的时钟发生器（即，可植入装置）产生固定相位时钟信号，其被选择性地反相或不反转，以将其相位调整180°。这种选择性180度调节使编程器的锁相环接收器具有减小的+/- 90°拉入范围，这简化了其构造并缩短了实现同步所需的时间。

8. 发明授权

US5562713A Bidirectional telemetry apparatus and method for implantable device 失效
标题翻译：双向遥测装置及植入式装置的方法
公开(公告)号：US5562713A
公开(公告)日：1996-10-08
申请号：US375311
申请日：1995-01-18
申请人： Sergiu Silvian
发明人： Sergiu Silvian
IPC分类号： A61N1/372 , A61N1/37
CPC分类号： A61N1/37252 , Y10S128/903
摘要： An improved telemetry system for telemetering data from an implantable device such as a heart pacemaker to an external device with minimum energy consumption. The external device first sweeps its receiver across a predetermined frequency band, e.g., the fm broadcast band of 88 MHz to 108 MHz, to determine the particular frequency having the lowest ambient electromagnetic noise level, which it deems the optimum frequency for the telemetry to occur. The external device's transmitter then commands the pacemaker to telemeter a predetermined start signal at a succession of frequencies that sweep across that same frequency band, while the external device's receiver remains tuned to the optimum frequency. Eventually, the external devices receiver will receive the start signal and the external device thereupon will command the pacemaker to thereafter remain at its current frequency for the subsequent telemetry of data. Thus, the pacemaker is effectively tuned to the optimum frequency without the need for the pacemaker to incorporate an elaborate frequency synthesizer and without the need to draw excessive energy from the limited supply available so as to overcome interference at the operating frequency.
摘要翻译：一种改进的遥测系统，用于将数据从诸如心脏起搏器的可植入装置遥测到具有最小能量消耗的外部装置。外部设备首先将其接收机扫过预定频带，例如88MHz至108MHz的fm广播频带，以确定具有最低环境电磁噪声电平的特定频率，其被认为是发生遥测的最佳频率。然后，外部设备的发射器命令起搏器以扫描跨相同频带的一系列频率遥测预定的起始信号，同时外部设备的接收机保持调谐到最佳频率。最终，外部设备接收器将接收起始信号，并且外部设备随后将命令起搏器此后保持在其当前频率以用于随后的数据遥测。因此，心脏起搏器被有效地调整到最佳频率，而不需要起搏器并入精细的频率合成器，并且不需要从有限的可用电源中抽取过多的能量，以克服在工作频率处的干扰。

9. 发明授权

US5475307A Frequency demodulator and method for asynchronously demodulating sample signals 失效
标题翻译：用于异步解调采样信号的频率解调器和方法
公开(公告)号：US5475307A
公开(公告)日：1995-12-12
申请号：US282998
申请日：1994-07-29
申请人： Sergiu Silvian
发明人： Sergiu Silvian
IPC分类号： H03D3/00 , H04L27/156
CPC分类号： H03D3/006 , H04L27/1566 , H03D2200/005 , H03D2200/0052 , H03D2200/0062 , H03D2200/0064
摘要： An improved digital frequency demodulator and method for demodulating a sampled asynchronous FM input signal that determines the time duration of each successive half cycle by counting the number of successive samples of the same polarity and by interpolating between the samples immediately before and immediately after the detected zero crossings at the beginning and the end of each half cycle.
摘要翻译：一种改进的数字频率解调器和方法，用于解调采样的异步FM输入信号，其通过对相同极性的连续采样的数量进行计数并且在检测到的零之前和之后的样本之间进行内插来确定每个连续半周期的持续时间在每个半周期的开始和结束时交叉。

10. 发明授权

US06968231B1 High voltage converter for an implantable medical device 有权
标题翻译：用于可植入医疗器械的高压转换器
公开(公告)号：US06968231B1
公开(公告)日：2005-11-22
申请号：US10052812
申请日：2002-01-18
申请人： Sergiu Silvian , Gabriel A. Mouchawar
发明人： Sergiu Silvian , Gabriel A. Mouchawar
IPC分类号： A61N1/378 , A61N1/39
CPC分类号： A61N1/025 , A61N1/3975 , A61N1/3981
摘要： A high voltage converter circuit for an implantable cardiac device. The circuit includes a plurality of transistors that are connected in parallel to a battery and the primary winding of a transformer. A switching element is connected to the circuit so as to periodically connect and disconnect the capacitors to the primary winding of the transformer to thereby induce the capacitors to be charged and periodically discharged across the transformer into charging capacitors. A circuit also preferably includes a disconnect circuit that will disconnect the capacitors from the battery during periods of non-use to inhibit unwanted dissipation of the battery's energy.
摘要翻译：一种用于可植入心脏装置的高压转换器电路。电路包括并联连接到电池和变压器的初级绕组的多个晶体管。开关元件连接到电路，以便将电容器周期性地连接和断开到变压器的初级绕组，从而使电容器被充电并周期性地跨过变压器放电到充电电容器中。电路还优选地包括在不使用期间将断开电容器与电池的断开电路，以防止电池的能量的不期望的耗散。

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