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1. 发明授权

US07017415B2 Apparatus for sensing pressure fluctuations in a hostile environment 有权
标题翻译：用于感测恶劣环境中的压力波动的装置
公开(公告)号：US07017415B2
公开(公告)日：2006-03-28
申请号：US10387114
申请日：2003-03-12
申请人： Ronald T. Harrold , Zal N. Sanjana , Richard D. Holm
发明人： Ronald T. Harrold , Zal N. Sanjana , Richard D. Holm
IPC分类号： G01L11/00
CPC分类号： G01L23/08 , G01L11/04
摘要： A pressure sensor (52) for a harsh environment such as the combustion chamber (58) of a gas turbine engine (50). The pressure sensor includes an acoustic waveguide (60) having a sensing portion (66) exposed to the combustion gas in the combustion chamber. Modulations in an acoustic signal passing through the acoustic waveguide are sensed and correlated to pressure fluctuations in the combustion gas. The sensing portion of the waveguide includes a core acoustic waveguide element (42) covered by a coating material (44). The coating material not only protects the core from the harsh environment, but it also improves the efficiency of the transfer of energy from the combustion gas into the waveguide because it provides a stepped transition from the acoustic impedance of the gas to the acoustic impedance of the core material. The protective coating may have a plurality of layers (46, 48) and/or it may include a graded material (78, 80) having an acoustic impedance value that varies across its depth.
摘要翻译：一种用于恶劣环境的压力传感器（52），例如燃气涡轮发动机（50）的燃烧室（58）。压力传感器包括具有暴露于燃烧室中的燃烧气体的感测部分（66）的声波导（60）。通过声波导的声信号中的调制被检测并与燃烧气体中的压力波动相关联。波导的感测部分包括由涂层材料（44）覆盖的芯声波导元件（42）。涂层材料不仅可以保护芯体免受恶劣环境的影响，而且可以提高能量从燃烧气体转移到波导中的效率，因为它提供了从气体声阻抗到声波阻抗的阶跃转换核心材料。保护涂层可以具有多个层（46,48）和/或其可以包括具有在其深度上变化的声阻抗值的渐变材料（78,80）。

2. 发明授权

US4440971A Supersaturated vapor dielectrics 失效
标题翻译：过饱和蒸汽电介质
公开(公告)号：US4440971A
公开(公告)日：1984-04-03
申请号：US381094
申请日：1982-05-24
申请人： Ronald T. Harrold
发明人： Ronald T. Harrold
IPC分类号： H01B3/16 , H01B3/20 , H01B3/56 , H02B13/055
CPC分类号： H01B3/16 , H01B3/56 , H02B13/055
摘要： Disclosed is an apparatus which is resistant to electrical breakdown consisting of a chamber containing electrodes separated by dielectric gas supersaturated with the vapor from a dielectric liquid.
摘要翻译：公开了一种耐电气击穿的装置，其包括由电介质气体分离的电极的腔室，该介质气体与来自介电液体的蒸汽过饱和。

3. 发明授权

US06885006B2 Ultraviolet sensing of the condition of the vanes and blades of gas turbines in service 失效
标题翻译：紫外线检测燃气轮机叶片和叶片的状况
公开(公告)号：US06885006B2
公开(公告)日：2005-04-26
申请号：US10262337
申请日：2002-10-01
申请人： Ronald T. Harrold , Zal N. Sanjana
发明人： Ronald T. Harrold , Zal N. Sanjana
IPC分类号： G01J1/42 , G01N21/64 , G01N21/88
CPC分类号： G01N21/8422 , G01J1/429 , G01N21/6447 , G01N21/8806 , G01N21/954
摘要： A method and apparatus for monitoring the condition of the thermal barrier coating on turbine blades and vanes is provided. The coating is monitored with ultraviolet sensors which can detect ultraviolet radiation emitted from electrical discharges and glow coronas at the surface of the blades and vanes. Such electrical glow discharges and coronas are the result of friction electricity found at the surface of blades and vanes, and are also due to the high pressure, temperature and velocity conditions within the turbine. As the thermal barrier coating deteriorates, the electrical discharges and glow coronas and associated UV emissions decrease in magnitude or have other characteristic changes, thus permitting monitoring of the corona to detect changes in the coating over time.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于监测涡轮叶片和叶片上的热障涂层的状态的方法和装置。用紫外线传感器监测涂层，紫外线传感器可以检测在叶片和叶片表面的放电和辉光发射的紫外线辐射。这种电辉光放电和冠状物是在叶片和叶片的表面处发现的摩擦电力的结果，并且还由于涡轮机内的高压力，温度和速度条件。随着热障涂层的恶化，放电和发光光晕以及相关的紫外线辐射的幅度会大幅降低，或者具有其他特征变化，从而允许监测电晕以检测涂层随着时间的变化。

4. 发明授权

US5024092A Method and apparatus for selective transmission and reflection of sound through a solid 失效
标题翻译：通过固体选择性地透射和反射声音的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5024092A
公开(公告)日：1991-06-18
申请号：US568281
申请日：1990-08-16
申请人： Ronald T. Harrold , Zal N. Sanjana
发明人： Ronald T. Harrold , Zal N. Sanjana
IPC分类号： G10K11/18 , G10K11/20
CPC分类号： G10K11/20 , G10K11/18
摘要： A device is disclosed which allows an object to be tuned to an incoming sound wave magnitude and wavelength, such that the sound wave will alternatively be passed therethrough without detectable reflection or be completely reflected. The apparatus is intended to be mounted within a hollow object and adjust the perceived distance between the exterior walls of that object to mimic a single thick wall. A signal processing means is supplied which detects the sound wave magnitude and wavelength impinging on the wall facing the sound wave source. The wavelength is passed to the signal processing means, which transmits a complimentary signal to the second wall of the hollow object. The complimentary signal allows the hollow object to resonate as a whole as if it were a solid of a thickness much different from its actual thickness, allowing the sound wave to pass undisturbed therethrough or be reflected therefrom.
摘要翻译：公开了一种允许物体被调谐到进入的声波幅度和波长的装置，使得声波交替地通过其中而不被可检测的反射或被完全反射。该装置旨在安装在中空物体内并且调节该物体的外壁之间的感知距离以模拟单个厚壁。提供一种信号处理装置，其检测入射到面对声波源的壁上的声波幅度和波长。波长传递到信号处理装置，该信号处理装置将互补信号发送到中空物体的第二壁。互补信号允许中空物体作为整体谐振，好像它是与其实际厚度大不相同的厚度的实心，允许声波通过其不受干扰或从其反射。

5. 发明授权

US4158168A Acoustic waveguides for sensing and locating corona discharges 失效
标题翻译：用于感应和定位电晕放电的声波导
公开(公告)号：US4158168A
公开(公告)日：1979-06-12
申请号：US858034
申请日：1977-12-06
申请人： Ronald T. Harrold
发明人： Ronald T. Harrold
IPC分类号： G01R31/02 , G01R31/12 , H01F27/40 , G01R31/08
CPC分类号： H01F27/402 , G01R31/02 , G01R31/1209 , H01F2027/404
摘要： Apparatus for detecting and locating corona discharges within electrical apparatus. A continuous acoustic waveguide is disposed within the tank in proximity with the electrical apparatus and has first and second ends respectively coupled to first and second acoustic sensors. Acoustic emissions from a source of corona discharge within the electrical apparatus impinge upon the surface of the acoustic waveguide and are transmitted from any point thereon to the ends of the waveguide.
摘要翻译：用于检测和定位电气设备内的电晕放电的装置。连续的声波导设置在电池附近，并且具有分别耦合到第一和第二声传感器的第一和第二端。来自电气设备中的电晕放电源的声发射撞击声波导的表面，并从其上的任何点传输到波导的端部。

6. 发明授权

US07062971B2 Monitoring thermal barrier coating deterioration via acoustic response to gas flow, pressure and impact 失效
公开(公告)号：US07062971B2
公开(公告)日：2006-06-20
申请号：US10262332
申请日：2002-10-01
申请人： Ronald T. Harrold , Zal N. Sanjana
发明人： Ronald T. Harrold , Zal N. Sanjana
IPC分类号： G01N29/00
CPC分类号： G01N29/14 , G01N29/228 , G01N2291/015 , G01N2291/0423 , G01N2291/048
摘要： A method of monitoring the condition of a thermal barrier coating on a turbine blade or vane during operation of the turbine is provided. The method includes providing a means for receiving acoustic output of the blade or vane during operation of the turbine and monitoring the acoustic output over time, to determine the condition of the thermal barrier coating on the blade or vane. The acoustic output arises from a force on the blade or vane, such as that due to impact of particles, a pulse of gas pressure or constant gas flow. An apparatus employing the above method for monitoring the condition of the thermal barrier coating during operation of the turbine, is also provided.

7. 发明授权

US06668655B2 Acoustic monitoring of foreign objects in combustion turbines during operation 有权
标题翻译：操作期间燃烧涡轮异物的声学监测
公开(公告)号：US06668655B2
公开(公告)日：2003-12-30
申请号：US09965715
申请日：2001-09-27
申请人： Ronald T. Harrold , Zal N. Sanjana , Brian D. Ottinger , Lawrence L. Ross
发明人： Ronald T. Harrold , Zal N. Sanjana , Brian D. Ottinger , Lawrence L. Ross
IPC分类号： G01N2910
CPC分类号： F01D21/045 , G01N29/14 , G01N29/228 , G01N29/2462 , G01N2291/044
摘要： A foreign object impact sensor for use with combustion turbines utilizes a passive acoustic waveguide within the turbine to receive acoustic signals from foreign object impact. The magnitude of these signals is displayed and or stored using a lighted display or other suitable indicating device. The information is also recorded and stored, so that a spectrum signature can be obtained from Fourier analysis.
摘要翻译：用于燃烧涡轮机的异物冲击传感器利用涡轮机内的无源声波波导接收来自异物撞击的声信号。使用点亮的显示器或其他合适的指示装置显示和/或存储这些信号的大小。信息也被记录和存储，从而可以从傅立叶分析获得频谱特征。

8. 发明授权

US5012195A Method for improving the electrical strength of vapor-mist dielectrics 失效
标题翻译：提高气雾介质的电气强度的方法
公开(公告)号：US5012195A
公开(公告)日：1991-04-30
申请号：US458264
申请日：1989-12-28
申请人： Ronald T. Harrold
发明人： Ronald T. Harrold
IPC分类号： H01B3/16 , H01B3/56
CPC分类号： H01B3/56 , H01B3/16
摘要： A method in which ionization associated with fine wire or solid electrode systems causes mist droplets to charge and collect on electrode surfaces or at a region of highest electrical stress. The method includes manipulating droplet clouds to reach high stress regions. This process achieves improved electrical strength by depositing a mist in optimum locations before voltage applications.
摘要翻译：与细线或固体电极系统相关联的电离导致雾滴在电极表面上或在电应力最高的区域充电和收集的方法。该方法包括操纵液滴云到达高应力区域。该过程通过在施加电压之前在最佳位置沉积雾来实现改善的电气强度。

9. 发明授权

US4590803A Acoustic waveguide monitoring 失效
标题翻译：声波导监控
公开(公告)号：US4590803A
公开(公告)日：1986-05-27
申请号：US625763
申请日：1984-06-28
申请人： Ronald T. Harrold
发明人： Ronald T. Harrold
IPC分类号： G01N29/28 , G01F23/22 , G01F23/28 , G01N11/00 , G01N29/00 , G01N29/032 , G01N29/11 , G01N29/24 , G01N29/32 , G01N33/44
CPC分类号： G01N33/442 , G01N29/032 , G01N29/11 , G01N29/2462 , G01N29/326 , G01N2291/011 , G01N2291/015 , G01N2291/0251 , G01N2291/0255 , G01N2291/02854 , G01N2291/0423 , G01N2291/102
摘要： Disclosed is a method of monitoring physical and chemical changes in a host material which passes from a liquid state to a solid state. A waveguide is embedded in the host material while it is in the liquid or uncured state, the waveguide extending outside of the host material. A sound wave is sent through the waveguide and is monitored after it has passed through the host material. An article is also disclosed of a container having a liquid sealing exit means for waveguide, a waveguide which passes through the liquid sealing exit means into the container, a solidifiable liquid in the container at a level above the liquid sealing exit means, means outside the container for sending an acoustic wave through the waveguide into the container, and means outside the container for monitoring the acoustic wave after it has passed through said waveguide into the container.
摘要翻译：公开了一种监测从液态传递到固态的主体材料的物理和化学变化的方法。当波导处于液体或未固化状态时，波导被嵌入主体材料中，波导延伸到主体材料的外部。声波通过波导发送，并在其通过主体材料之后被监测。还公开了一种容器，其具有用于波导的液体密封出口装置，通过液体密封出口装置进入容器的波导，在液体密封出口装置上方的容器中的可凝固液体，用于通过波导将声波发送到容器中的容器，以及用于在声波已经通过所述波导进入容器之后监测声波的装置外部的装置。

10. 发明授权

US4156846A Detection of arcing faults in generator windings 失效
标题翻译：发电机绕组电弧故障检测
公开(公告)号：US4156846A
公开(公告)日：1979-05-29
申请号：US758213
申请日：1977-01-10
申请人： Ronald T. Harrold , Emil M. Fort , Herbert E. Pietsch
发明人： Ronald T. Harrold , Emil M. Fort , Herbert E. Pietsch
IPC分类号： G01R31/34 , G01R31/02 , G01R31/06 , H02H7/06 , H02K11/00
CPC分类号： G01R31/346 , G01R31/025 , G01R31/1227
摘要： A method is provided for detecting the presence of arcing faults in the stator windings of large dynamoelectric machines, such as turbine generators. Arcing faults, such as broken strands in a winding conductor with continued arcing, give rise to high frequency currents which flow in the neutral lead of the generator winding. The presence of the arcing fault can thus be detected by observing the high frequency neutral currents and monitoring them for the presence of the characteristic frequency distribution resulting from the resonance characteristics of the current path.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于检测大型电动机例如涡轮发电机的定子绕组中存在电弧故障的方法。电弧故障，例如连续电弧放电的绕组导体中的断线会导致在发电机绕组的中性引线上流动的高频电流。因此，可以通过观察高频中性点电流来检测电弧故障的存在并监视它们是否存在由当前路径的谐振特性导致的特征频率分布。

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