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1. 发明授权

US5734493A Optical frequency conversion device 失效
标题翻译：光变频装置
公开(公告)号：US5734493A
公开(公告)日：1998-03-31
申请号：US742712
申请日：1996-11-01
申请人： Robert Meachem Jopson
发明人： Robert Meachem Jopson
IPC分类号： G02F1/01 , H04B10/155 , G02F1/09 , G02F1/11
CPC分类号： H04B10/506 , G02F1/01 , H04B10/572 , G02F2203/54 , G02F2203/56
摘要： A device for converting the frequency of an optical signal to form a frequency comb having a plurality of frequency spaced optical carriers. In one embodiment, a magnetooptic frequency conversion device is disclosed wherein the frequency of the optical signal is shifted by the frequency of an AC signal generating a magnetic field through a crystal. In another embodiment, acoustooptic scattering is used wherein an acoustic wave is provided to a waveguide which receives an optical signal so that the frequency of the optical signal is shifted by the frequency of the acoustic wave. In yet another embodiment, a single sideband modulator is used to shift the frequency of an optical signal.
摘要翻译：一种用于转换光信号的频率以形成具有多个频间隔的光载波的频率梳的装置。在一个实施例中，公开了一种磁光变频装置，其中光信号的频率偏移通过晶体产生磁场的AC信号的频率。在另一个实施例中，使用声光散射，其中将声波提供给接收光信号的波导，使得光信号的频率偏移声波的频率。在另一个实施例中，使用单个边带调制器来移位光信号的频率。

2. 发明授权

US06473212B1 Lightwave communication systems using semiconductor optical amplifiers 有权
标题翻译：使用半导体光放大器的光波通信系统
公开(公告)号：US06473212B1
公开(公告)日：2002-10-29
申请号：US09253259
申请日：1999-02-19
申请人： Andrew Roman Chraplyvy , Robert Meachem Jopson , Atul Kumar Srivastava , James William Sulhoff , Yan Sun
发明人： Andrew Roman Chraplyvy , Robert Meachem Jopson , Atul Kumar Srivastava , James William Sulhoff , Yan Sun
IPC分类号： H04J1402
CPC分类号： H04B10/296 , H04B10/2914
摘要： Substantially error-free communications is achieved in an optical communication system that includes optical amplifiers by detecting bits transmitted in the amplified optical signal using a detection threshold that is derived as a function of a maximum power level associated with a first bit value, e.g., bit “0”, and a minimum power level associated with a second bit value, e.g., bit “1”. Importantly, this detection scheme can be used to accurately detect bit patterns in the amplified signal even in the presence of nonlinear distortions caused by gain variations, such as inter-modal distortion and saturation induced crosstalk. In a wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) system comprising semiconductor optical amplifiers, for example, the detection threshold can be set at a level corresponding to PTOTAL/2N, where PTOTAL represents the total power in the WDM signal and N represents the number of optical channels in the WDM signal. According to another aspect of the invention, the effect of gain fluctuations becomes smaller as the number of channels increase. In particular, a smoothing effect is realized for the total effective saturation power as gain variations decrease as a function of an increase in the number of channels. As such, the performance of a semiconductor optical amplifier according to the principles of the invention approaches the linear performance of fiber amplifiers as the number of channels increases.
摘要翻译：在包括光放大器的光通信系统中实现基本无差错的通信，所述光通信系统使用检测阈值来检测放大的光信号中发送的位，所述检测阈值作为与第一位值相关联的最大功率电平的函数导出，例如位 “0”，以及与第二位值相关联的最小功率电平，例如位“1”。重要的是，即使存在由诸如模态间失真和饱和感应串扰的增益变化引起的非线性失真，该检测方案也可用于精确地检测放大信号中的位模式。在包括半导体光放大器的波分复用（WDM）系统中，例如，检测阈值可以被设置在与PTOTAL / 2N相对应的电平，其中PTOTAL表示WDM信号中的总功率，N表示光信道数在WDM信号中。根据本发明的另一方面，增益波动的效果随着信道数量的增加而变小。特别地，当增益变化随着通道数量的增加而减小时，实现总有效饱和功率的平滑效果。因此，根据本发明原理的半导体光放大器的性能随着信道数量的增加而接近光纤放大器的线性性能。

3. 发明授权

US06768541B2 Chromatic dispersion measurement 有权
标题翻译：色散测量
公开(公告)号：US06768541B2
公开(公告)日：2004-07-27
申请号：US10306264
申请日：2002-11-27
申请人： James Power Gordon , Robert Meachem Jopson , Herwig Werner Kogelnik , Lynn E. Nelson
发明人： James Power Gordon , Robert Meachem Jopson , Herwig Werner Kogelnik , Lynn E. Nelson
IPC分类号： G01N2100
CPC分类号： G01M11/333 , G01M11/335 , G01M11/336
摘要： In one method, two light signals, of the same optical frequency, but having orthogonal states of polarization, are transmitted through an optical device and the mean signal delay of each of the light signals is measured. Calculations, based upon disclosed relationships, provide the polarization-independent delay (&tgr;0) through the optical device based upon the mean signal delays (&tgr;g1 and &tgr;g(−1)) of each of the light signals. By comparing &tgr;0 at adjacent wavelengths, the chromatic dispersion of the optical device can be accurately measured even in the presence of PMD. In a second, similar method, four light signals of non-degenerate polarizations states that span Stokes space are utilized. In a modification of the above-described methods based on the measurement of pulse delays, the methods are adapted to the measurement of phase delays of sinusoidally modulated signals.
摘要翻译：在一种方法中，具有相同光频率但具有正交偏振状态的两个光信号通过光学器件传输，并且测量每个光信号的平均信号延迟。基于公开的关系的计算基于每个光信号的平均信号延迟（taug1和taug（-1）），通过光学装置提供偏振无关延迟（τ0）。通过比较相邻波长的τ0，即使在存在PMD的情况下也能够精确地测量光学器件的色散。在第二种类似的方法中，利用跨越斯托克斯空间的非退化极化状态的四个光信号。在基于脉冲延迟测量的上述方法的修改中，该方法适于测量正弦调制信号的相位延迟。

4. 发明授权

US06856450B2 Method and apparatus for generating a sequence of optical wavelength bands 有权
标题翻译：用于产生光波长带序列的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06856450B2
公开(公告)日：2005-02-15
申请号：US10122804
申请日：2002-04-15
申请人： Aref Chowdhury , Robert Meachem Jopson
发明人： Aref Chowdhury , Robert Meachem Jopson
IPC分类号： G02F1/355 , G02F2/02 , G02F1/35
CPC分类号： G02F2/02 , G02F2203/56
摘要： An optical comb generator includes frequency-shifting elements of a particular type that we refer to as a “frequency mirror.” A frequency mirror mixes input light at a signal frequency and a reference frequency to produce output light at a third frequency that lies in contraposition to the signal frequency relative to the reference frequency. The comb generator includes at least two frequency mirrors, having respective reference frequencies F1 and F2. At least some of the power of a light beam is shifted by the first frequency mirror from an input frequency to a frequency that lies in contraposition thereto relative to F1, and then light at the shifted frequency is shifted to yet a new frequency by the second frequency mirror. The resulting twice-shifted frequency lies in contraposition to the once-shifted frequency, relative to F2. The result is that a difference of 2(F2−F1) separates the twice-shifted frequency from the input frequency. This process is repeatable to generate a comb of equally spaced, shifted frequencies. In specific embodiments of the invention, the frequency mirror is a periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) device pumped by laser radiation at the pertinent reference frequency.
摘要翻译：光梳发生器包括我们称为“频率镜”的特定类型的频移元件。频率镜以信号频率和参考频率混合输入光，以产生与相对于参考频率的信号频率相对的第三频率的输出光。梳状发生器包括至少两个具有相应参考频率F1和F2的频率镜。光束的至少一部分功率被第一频率镜从输入频率偏移到与F1相对应的频率，然后移位频率的光被第二频率转移到新的频率频率镜。所产生的两次移位的频率与相对于F2的一次移动频率相对。结果是2（F2-F1）的差异将两倍频率与输入频率分开。该过程是可重复的，以产生等间隔移位频率的梳。在本发明的具体实施例中，频率镜是在相关参考频率下通过激光辐射泵浦的周期性极化铌酸锂（PPLN）器件。

5. 发明授权

US06381048B1 Wavelength division multiplexed system having reduced cross-phase modulation 有权
标题翻译：具有减少的交叉相位调制的波分复用系统
公开(公告)号：US06381048B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-30
申请号：US09153605
申请日：1998-09-15
申请人： Andrew Roman Chraplyvy , Robert Meachem Jopson , Lynn E. Nelson , Thomas A. Strasser
发明人： Andrew Roman Chraplyvy , Robert Meachem Jopson , Lynn E. Nelson , Thomas A. Strasser
IPC分类号： H04J1402
CPC分类号： H04B10/2557 , H04J14/02 , H04L7/0075
摘要： Resonances in cross-phase-modulation (CPM) impairment occur in wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) transmission systems, having multiple equal dispersion-length amplifier spans, when channels have an integral number of bit walk-throughs per amplifier span. The CPM resonances are reduced by mis-matching the amplifier span lengths (and/or dispersion in each span) so an integral number of bit walk-throughs do not occur in successive amplifier spans. The CPM resonances are reduced by adding different lengths of dispersion-compensating fiber to each span, using different modulation bit rates and/or clock phase delay for each channel, and using different wavelength-selective clock phase delays for each channel.
摘要翻译：交叉相位调制（CPM）损伤中的共振发生在具有多个相等色散长度放大器跨度的波分复用（WDM）传输系统中，当通道具有每个放大器跨度的整数位位移时。通过误差匹配放大器跨度长度（和/或每个跨度中的色散）来减少CPM谐振，因此在连续的放大器跨度中不会发生整数位的位移。通过使用每个通道的不同调制比特率和/或时钟相位延迟以及为每个通道使用不同的波长选择性时钟相位延迟，为每个跨度添加不同长度的色散补偿光纤来降低CPM谐振。

6. 发明授权

US08032024B2 Method and apparatus for multi-band optical switching using multi-pump parametric devices 有权
标题翻译：使用多泵参数装置的多频带光切换的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US08032024B2
公开(公告)日：2011-10-04
申请号：US10734803
申请日：2003-12-12
申请人： Joseph Carmine Centanni , Andrew Roman Chraplyvy , Alan H. Gnauck , Robert Meachem Jopson , Colin J. McKinstrie , Stojan Radic
发明人： Joseph Carmine Centanni , Andrew Roman Chraplyvy , Alan H. Gnauck , Robert Meachem Jopson , Colin J. McKinstrie , Stojan Radic
IPC分类号： H04J14/00 , H04B10/00
CPC分类号： H04Q11/0005 , H04Q2011/0041
摘要： A method of multiple-band switching using a multi-pump fiber parametric switch is demonstrated. The switching architecture combines parametric band amplification, wavelength conversion and selective signal conjugation, enabled by temporal control of at least one pump of the multi-pump parametric device. The switching speed of the present invention is limited by the rise time of the controlled pump(s).
摘要翻译：展示了使用多泵浦光纤参数开关进行多频带切换的方法。开关架构结合了参数化频带放大，波长转换和选择性信号共轭，能够通过多泵参数化装置的至少一个泵的时间控制实现。本发明的切换速度受到受控泵的上升时间的限制。

7. 发明授权

US06519027B1 Polarization mode dispersion measurement 有权
标题翻译：极化模式色散测量
公开(公告)号：US06519027B1
公开(公告)日：2003-02-11
申请号：US09520537
申请日：2000-03-08
申请人： James Power Gordon , Robert Meachem Jopson , Herwig Werner Kogelnik , Lynn E. Nelson
发明人： James Power Gordon , Robert Meachem Jopson , Herwig Werner Kogelnik , Lynn E. Nelson
IPC分类号： G01N2100
CPC分类号： G01M11/336 , G01M11/333 , G01M11/335
摘要： Four different light signals, all of the same optical frequency, but, having different states of polarization, are transmitted through an optical device and the mean signal delay of each of the light signals is measured. Calculations, based upon the relationship, &tgr;g=&tgr;0−½ {right arrow over (&OHgr;)}·{overscore (s)}, describing the polarization dependence of &tgr;g (a measured mean signal delay) through the device as a function of &tgr;0 (a polarization independent delay component of the device), {right arrow over (&OHgr;)} (the PMD vector at the device input) and {overscore (s)} (the input Stokes vector of the light signal), yield the PMD of the device. Also, by comparing data taken at adjacent wavelengths, the chromatic dispersion of the optical device can be accurately measured even in the presence of PMD.
摘要翻译：四个不同的光信号，所有相同的光频率，但是具有不同的偏振状态，通过光学器件传输，并且测量每个光信号的平均信号延迟。基于该关系计算taug = tau0-½（右箭头（OMEGA。）{overscore（s，描述通过器件的taug的极化依赖性（测量的平均信号延迟）作为τ0的函数（偏振独立延迟器件的组件），{右箭头（OMEGA（器件输入端的PMD矢量））和{overscore（s（光信号的输入斯托克斯矢量））产生器件的PMD，并且通过比较数据在相邻的波长处，即使在存在PMD的情况下也能够精确地测量光学装置的色散。

8. 发明授权

US06380533B1 Method for measurement of first-and second-order polarization mode dispersion vectors in optical fibers 有权
标题翻译：用于测量光纤中的一阶和二阶偏振模色散矢量的方法
公开(公告)号：US06380533B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-30
申请号：US09390033
申请日：1999-09-03
申请人： Robert Meachem Jopson , Herwig Werner Kogelnik , Lynn Elizabeth Nelson
发明人： Robert Meachem Jopson , Herwig Werner Kogelnik , Lynn Elizabeth Nelson
IPC分类号： G02F101
CPC分类号： G01M11/336 , G02B6/105
摘要： The present invention consists of a method and apparatus for measuring first and higher order PMD vectors in optical fibers. For each first-order PMD vector determination, two distinct polarization states are sequentially injected into an optical device under test for each of a pair of frequencies &ohgr; and &ohgr;+&Dgr;&ohgr;f. A Stokes vector s1 representing the first polarization state must not be parallel or anti-parallel to a Stokes vector sa representing the second polarization state, but the relative angle between s1 and sa need not be known. The frequency interval &Dgr;&ohgr;f is large to obtain a high signal-to-noise ratio. Thus, four light beams are injected, the first at frequency &ohgr; and polarization s1, the second at frequency &ohgr; and polarization sa, the third at frequency &ohgr;+&Dgr;&ohgr;f and polarization s1, and the fourth light at frequency &ohgr;+&Dgr;&ohgr;f and polarization sa. The output polarizations of these beams are measured and four corresponding output Stokes vectors are determined. A first-order PMD vector is then calculated from the four input Stokes vectors and four output Stokes vectors. Each subsequent PMD vector determination is then made using a pair of frequencies which differs from the previous pair of frequencies by a frequency interval &Dgr;&ohgr;i which is small compared to &Dgr;&ohgr;f. Since &Dgr;&ohgr;i can be small, high spectral resolution of the PMD vector can be obtained, while still maintaining good signal-to-noise ratio provided by using a large &Dgr;&ohgr;f. The good signal-to-noise ratio and high spectral resolution of the PMD vector allow the accurate determination of second- and higher-order PMD vectors.
摘要翻译：本发明由用于测量光纤中的第一和更高阶PMD矢量的方法和装置组成。对于每一个一阶PMD矢量确定，两个不同的极化状态被依次注入被测光学器件中的一对ω和ω+ DELTAomegaf中的每一个。表示第一极化状态的斯托克斯矢量s1不能与表示第二极化状态的斯托克斯矢量sa并联或反平行，而是不需要知道s1和sa之间的相对角度。频率间隔DELTAomegaf很大，以获得较高的信噪比。因此，注射四个光束，第一个以频率ω和极化s1，第二个以频率ω和极化sa，第三个频率ω+ DELTAomegaf和极化s1，第四个光在频率ω+ DELTAomegaf和极化sa。测量这些光束的输出极化，并确定四个相应的输出斯托克斯矢量。然后从四个输入斯托克斯矢量和四个输出斯托克斯矢量计算一阶PMD矢量。然后，使用与前一对频率不同的一对频率，以与DELTAomegaf相比较小的频率区间DELTAomegai来进行每个随后的PMD矢量确定。由于DELTAomegai可以小，可以获得PMD矢量的高光谱分辨率，同时仍然保持通过使用大型DELTAomegaf提供的良好的信噪比。 PMD矢量的良好的信噪比和高的光谱分辨率允许准确地确定二阶和更高阶的PMD矢量。

9. 发明授权

US6144450A Apparatus and method for improving the accuracy of polarization mode dispersion measurements 有权
标题翻译：用于提高偏振模色散测量精度的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US6144450A
公开(公告)日：2000-11-07
申请号：US395238
申请日：1999-09-13
申请人： Robert Meachem Jopson , Herwig Werner Kogelnik , Lynn Elizabeth Nelson
发明人： Robert Meachem Jopson , Herwig Werner Kogelnik , Lynn Elizabeth Nelson
IPC分类号： G01J4/04 , G01M11/00 , H04B10/18 , G01J4/00
CPC分类号： H04B10/2569 , G01J4/04 , G01M11/333 , G01M11/335 , G01M11/336
摘要： An apparatus and method for simultaneously taking measurements that are used for determining PMD vectors. This reduces the time interval over which all measurements are taken and reduces inaccuracy caused by PMD variation during the time measurement interval. The apparatus and method may be used in conjunction with any technique for calculating PMD, such as the Poincare Sphere Technique or Jones Matrix Eigenanalysis. The apparatus simultaneously produces multiple light beams. To distinguish each light beam from the others, each beam is given a distinct modulation. All the beams are then combined and passed through the optical device under test. A polarization measuring device then measures the output polarization of the combined beam and outputs one or more composite electrical signals that describe the Stokes components of the output polarization of the combined beam and that have the same modulations present in the original combined beam. Using modulation filters having the same modulations as given to each original light beam, electrical signals may be extracted from the composite electrical signals that describe the Stokes components of the output polarization corresponding to each original light beam. Also, measurement and control of the frequency difference between light beams used for determining PMD vectors is improved by receiving light beams of two distinct frequencies using a detector that then outputs a signal having a frequency equal to the difference in frequencies of the light beams. In addition, a feedback loop is used to better control the frequency difference between two light sources. Also, a frequency shifter is used to generate two light beams separated by a specific frequency interval.
摘要翻译：用于同时进行用于确定PMD矢量的测量的装置和方法。这减少了所有测量的时间间隔，并减少了在时间测量间隔期间由PMD变化引起的误差。该装置和方法可以结合用于计算PMD的任何技术，例如Poincar + E，acu e + EE球体技术或Jones Matrix特征分析。该装置同时产生多个光束。为了将每个光束与其他光束区分开，每个光束被给出明显的调制。然后将所有光束组合并通过被测光学器件。偏振测量装置然后测量组合光束的输出偏振，并且输出描述组合光束的输出偏振的斯托克斯分量并且具有存在于原始组合光束中的相同调制的一个或多个复合电信号。使用具有与每个原始光束相同的调制的调制滤波器，可以从描述对应于每个原始光束的输出偏振的斯托克斯分量的复合电信号中提取电信号。此外，通过使用检测器接收两个不同频率的光束来改善用于确定PMD矢量的光束之间的频差的测量和控制，该检测器然后输出具有等于光束的频率差的频率的信号。另外，使用反馈环来更好地控制两个光源之间的频率差。此外，使用变频器来产生由特定频率间隔分开的两个光束。

10. 发明授权

US5822476A Time delay device for optical signals 失效
标题翻译：光信号延时器
公开(公告)号：US5822476A
公开(公告)日：1998-10-13
申请号：US823630
申请日：1997-03-25
申请人： Robert Meachem Jopson
发明人： Robert Meachem Jopson
IPC分类号： G02F2/02 , H04J14/02 , H04J14/08 , H04Q11/00 , G02B6/26
CPC分类号： H04J14/08 , H04J14/02 , H04Q11/0003 , H04Q2011/0009 , H04Q2011/0011 , H04Q2011/002
摘要： A time delay device for an optical signal wherein an optical frequency comb is generated by a comb generation device. The optical frequency comb consists of a plurality of discrete and temporally spaced optical channels or carriers. The separation of the channels is dictated by the shifting frequency applied to the comb generation device and the temporal spacing is defined by the length of fiber used so that a time delay is created for each traverse of the fiber loop by the optical frequency comb. A filter connected to the comb generation device is used for tuning to a particular frequency or channel in the optical comb to obtain an optical signal having a desired time delay.
摘要翻译：一种用于光信号的延时装置，其中由一个梳形发生装置产生一个光学频率梳。光频梳由多个离散和时间间隔的光通道或载体组成。信道的分离由施加到梳状生成装置的移位频率决定，并且时间间隔由所使用的光纤的长度限定，使得通过光学频率梳针对光纤环路的每个横越产生时间延迟。连接到梳形发生装置的滤波器用于调谐到光梳中的特定频率或通道以获得具有所需时间延迟的光信号。

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