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1. 发明授权

US06689924B1 Liquid phase catalytic fluorination of hydrochlorocarbon and hydrochlorofluorocarbon 有权
标题翻译：液相催化氟化氟氯烃和氢氯氟烃
公开(公告)号：US06689924B1
公开(公告)日：2004-02-10
申请号：US09467869
申请日：1999-12-20
申请人： Alagappan Thenappan , Hsueh S. Tung , Robert L. Bell
发明人： Alagappan Thenappan , Hsueh S. Tung , Robert L. Bell
IPC分类号： C07C1700
CPC分类号： C07C17/206 , C07C17/00 , C07C17/087 , Y10S526/906 , Y10S526/913 , C07C19/08
摘要： A process for the catalytic fluorination of hydrochlorocarbons and hydrochlorofluorocarbons in the liquid phase. The process is useful for fluorinating hydrochloropropanes, hydrochlorofluoropropanes, hydrochloropropenes and hydrochlorofluoropropenes and most particularly useful for fluorinating 1,1,1,3,3-pentachloropropane to 1,1,1,3,3-pentafloropropane. Suitable catalysts include (i) a pentavalent molybdenum halide; (ii) a tetravalent tin halide; (iii) a tetravalent titanium halide; (iv) a mixture of a pentavalent tantalum halide with a tetravalent tin halide; (v) a mixture of a pentavalent tantalum halide with a tetravalent titanium halide; (vi) a mixture of a pentavalent niobium halide with a tetravalent tin halide; (vii) a mixture of a pentavalent niobium halide with a tetravalent titanium halide; (viii) a mixture of a pentavalent antimony halide with a tetravalent tin halide; (ix) a mixture of a pentavalent antimony halide with a tetravalent titanium halide; (x) a mixture of a pentavalent molybdenum halide with a tetravalent tin halide; (xi) a mixture of a pentavalent molybdenum halide with a tetravalent titanium halide and (xii) a mixture of a pentavalent antimony halide with a trivalent antimony halide. Products of this process are useful in a variety of applications including solvents, blowing agents, and refrigerants.
摘要翻译：在液相中氢氯碳氢化合物和氢氯氟烃的催化氟化的方法。该方法可用于氟化氢氯丙烷，氢氯氟丙烷，氢氯丙烯和氢氯氟丙烯，最特别用于将1,1,1,3,3-五氯丙烷氟化为1,1,1,3,3-五氟丙烷。合适的催化剂包括（i）五价钼卤化物; （ii）四价卤化锡; （iii）四价钛卤化物; （iv）五价卤化钽与四价卤化锡的混合物; （v）五价钽卤化物与四价钛卤化物的混合物; （vi）五价铌卤化物与四价卤化锡的混合物; （vii）五价铌卤化物与四价钛卤化物的混合物; （viii）五价锑卤化物与四价卤化锡的混合物; （ix）五价锑卤化物与四价钛卤化物的混合物; （x）五价钼卤化物与四价卤化锡的混合物; （xi）五价钼卤化物与四价卤化钛的混合物，（xii）五价锑卤化物与三价卤化锑的混合物。该方法的产品可用于各种应用，包括溶剂，发泡剂和制冷剂。

2. 发明授权

US5134887A Pressure sensors 失效
标题翻译：压力传感器
公开(公告)号：US5134887A
公开(公告)日：1992-08-04
申请号：US410995
申请日：1989-09-22
申请人： Robert L. Bell
发明人： Robert L. Bell
IPC分类号： G01L9/00
CPC分类号： G01L9/0073 , G01L9/0042 , G01L9/0054 , G01L9/0075
摘要： A capacitive force responsive transducer provides a linear relationship between electrical output and input force variations while protecting the sensing diaphragm from damage during extremely high overload forces. In one example differential pressures or forces are applied to opposite sides of a diaphragm interposed between two supporting plates, such that the diaphragm deflects toward one supporting plate and away from the other. Electrodes on opposite sides of the diaphragm are moved oppositely toward or away from facing electrodes on the supporting plates. A fourth order deflection curve machined into both surfaces of the diaphragm assures very linear capacitance variations (l/c) with the input differential pressures. Other electrodes are disposed in positions to provide invariant reference capacitors. At overload differential pressures, the diaphragm surface becomes flat and engages a supporting plate. A method of forming the fourth order "deflection curve" surfaces into the diaphragm uses a precision flat grinder in combination with fixtures that cause the diaphragm to deflect under internal pressure into the grinding or lapping surfaces. Successive grinding steps remove surface areas of the deflected diaphragm until a flat condition is achieved in the curved surface. On removal of the diaphragm from the fixture and release of internal pressure, the diaphragm assumes a final "fourth order" shape.
摘要翻译：电容力响应传感器在电力输出和输入力变化之间提供线性关系，同时在极高的过载力下保护感测隔膜免受损坏。在一个示例中，差压或力被施加到插入在两个支撑板之间的隔膜的相对侧，使得隔膜朝向一个支撑板偏转并远离另一个。隔膜相对侧的电极相对于支撑板上的面对电极或与其背离的电极相反地移动。加工到隔膜的两个表面的四阶偏转曲线，确保输入差压具有非常线性的电容变化（l / c）。其他电极设置在提供不变参考电容器的位置。在过载压差下，隔膜表面变平，并与支撑板接合。将四次“偏转曲线”表面形成到隔膜中的方法使用精密平面研磨机与固定装置相结合，其使隔膜在内部压力下偏转到研磨或研磨表面中。连续研磨步骤去除偏转的隔膜的表面区域，直到在曲面中达到平坦的状态。在从夹具上取下隔膜并释放内部压力时，隔膜呈现最终“四阶”形状。

3. 发明授权

US4732043A System and method for obtaining digital outputs from multiple transducers 失效
标题翻译：用于从多个传感器获取数字输出的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US4732043A
公开(公告)日：1988-03-22
申请号：US895904
申请日：1986-08-11
申请人： Robert L. Bell , Herman L. Renger
发明人： Robert L. Bell , Herman L. Renger
IPC分类号： G01R23/10 , H03M1/12 , H03M1/60 , G01L9/12 , G01L19/04
CPC分类号： G01R23/10 , H03M1/1225 , H03M1/60
摘要： A method and apparatus are disclosed for deriving digital signals from analog variations of different sensing elements in a transducer. Each sensing device controls the frequency of a variable frequency oscillator, which is energized when a reading is to be taken for that specific sensing device. The periodic signal is coupled to a first counter which counts a presettable total number of cycles so as to establish a variable time period proportioned to the value represented by the then existing state of the sensing device. Concurrently, a second counter is operated for a like time interval, but counts cycles from a fixed frequency clock source at a much higher frequency. The number of cycles counted by the second counter is proportional to the analog signal from the sensing device. This arrangement enables the analog signals from the sensing devices to be digitized in sequence with compact circuitry having low power drain. The different values derived from the sensing device can be used in complex analysis of one or more parameters that are being evaluated, without danger of interharmonics, cross talk or interference between the different units. By changing the presettings of the first counter, the resolution of the transducer can be varied, enabling operation in different ranges with adequate accuracy. Also, where a number of sensing elements are used in a transducer, resolution can be selectively varied when digitizing readings from the different elements.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于从换能器中的不同感测元件的模拟变化导出数字信号的方法和装置。每个感测装置控制可变频率振荡器的频率，该频率振荡器在对该特定感测装置进行读取时被激励。周期信号耦合到第一计数器，该第一计数器对可预置的总周期数进行计数，以便建立与由感测装置的当时存在状态表示的值成比例的可变时间段。同时，第二计数器以相同的时间间隔运行，但以高得多的频率对来自固定频率时钟源的周期进行计数。由第二计数器计数的周期数与来自感测装置的模拟信号成比例。这种布置使得来自感测装置的模拟信号可以依次具有低功耗的紧凑型电路进行数字化。来自感测装置的不同值可以用于正在评估的一个或多个参数的复杂分析，而不会发生间谐波，串扰或不同单元之间的干扰的危险。通过改变第一个计数器的预置位，换能器的分辨率可以改变，使得能够在不同的范围内以足够的精度进行操作。此外，当在换能器中使用多个感测元件时，当从不同元件读取数字化时，可以选择性地改变分辨率。

4. 发明授权

US4720145A Motor vehicle seat hinge 失效
标题翻译：机动车座铰链
公开(公告)号：US4720145A
公开(公告)日：1988-01-19
申请号：US18785
申请日：1987-02-18
申请人： Robert L. Bell
发明人： Robert L. Bell
IPC分类号： B60N2/433 , B60N1/02
CPC分类号： B60N2/433
摘要： An improved motor vehicle seat hinge mechanism which includes an inertia sensitive latching device which prevents forward rotation of the seat back in the event of sudden vehicle deceleration. The vehicle seat hinge mechanism according to this invention improves over prior art designs by providing a quadrant component which does not present objectionable rearward protrusions which interfere with rear seat occupants while entering and egressing from the rear seat area and, further, avoids the presentation of sharp projections which could cause tearing and wearing of interior trim fabrics. The seat back hinge mechanism further includes a cam plate which biases the inertia sensitive latching device such that it is in a position to latch when the seat back is in its normal position. Due to the use of the cam plate, the seat hinge according to this invention is less sensitive to malfunctions caused by hinge component misalignment.
摘要翻译：一种改进的机动车辆座椅铰链机构，其包括惯性敏感的锁定装置，其在突然的车辆减速的情况下防止座椅靠背的正向旋转。根据本发明的车辆座椅铰链机构通过提供一个象限构件来改进现有技术的设计，该象限构件在从后座区域进入和排出时不会产生不利的向后突起，这妨碍了后排座椅乘员，并且进一步避免了尖锐的呈现可能导致内饰面料撕裂和磨损的突起。座椅靠背铰链机构还包括凸轮板，该凸轮板偏置惯性敏感锁定装置，使得当座椅靠背处于其正常位置时，该凸轮板处于能够锁定的位置。由于使用凸轮板，根据本发明的座椅铰链对由铰链部件未对准引起的故障较不敏感。

5. 发明授权

US4705319A Seat recliner mechanism with spring coil actuator and creep eliminator feature 失效
标题翻译：座椅斜倚机构，带弹簧线圈执行器和爬电器功能
公开(公告)号：US4705319A
公开(公告)日：1987-11-10
申请号：US776362
申请日：1985-09-16
申请人： Robert L. Bell
发明人： Robert L. Bell
IPC分类号： B60N2/22 , B60N1/02
CPC分类号： B60N2/2213
摘要： A recliner mechanism particularly adapted for motor vehicle seats is described. In accordance with this invention, the adjusted position of the seat back is controlled by using a recliner mechanism which includes a coil spring clutch which is selectively tightened or loosened around an actuator clutch drum. The upper recliner structure has a toothed quadrant which meshes with a recliner gear which rotates the rotating actuator clutch drum. A lever is employed to cause relative rotation between a pair of actuator cam plates which are connected to extending ends of a coil clutch spring. Movement of the actuator lever selectively causes the coil clutch spring to tighten or loosen around the actuator clutch drum. In accordance with another feature of this invention, a redundant positioning pawl is provided which prevents unrestrained motion of the upper recliner structure in the event of a failure or improper operation of the coil spring clutch actuator. The tendency of the recliner to "creep" when subjected to shock loading and vibration is eliminated by the use of a spring which biases the cam plates to the engaged position.
摘要翻译：描述了特别适用于机动车辆座椅的倾斜机构。根据本发明，座椅靠背的调节位置通过使用斜倚器机构来控制，所述倾斜机构包括在致动器离合器鼓周围选择性地拧紧或松开的螺旋弹簧离合器。上部斜倚器结构具有齿形象限，其与旋转致动器离合器鼓旋转的斜倚齿轮啮合。使用杠杆来引起与线圈离合器弹簧的延伸端连接的一对致动器凸轮板之间的相对旋转。致动器杆的移动选择性地使得线圈离合器弹簧在致动器离合器鼓周围拧紧或松开。根据本发明的另一个特征，提供了一种冗余的定位棘爪，其防止在螺旋弹簧离合器致动器的故障或不正确的操作的情况下上躺椅结构的无限制运动。当承受冲击载荷和振动时，斜倚器“爬行”的趋势通过使用将凸轮板偏压到接合位置的弹簧来消除。

6. 发明授权

US4562742A Capacitive pressure transducer 失效
标题翻译：电容式压力传感器
公开(公告)号：US4562742A
公开(公告)日：1986-01-07
申请号：US738539
申请日：1985-05-24
申请人： Robert L. Bell
发明人： Robert L. Bell
IPC分类号： G01L9/00 , G01L9/12 , H01G7/00
CPC分类号： G01L19/0636 , G01L9/0075
摘要： A capacitive pressure transducer is comprised of a deflectable diaphragm and a substantially planar reference plate, both preferably molded of ceramic. The diaphragm includes a sensor electrode ring disposed about a central region thereof and a concentric reference electrode ring substantially encompassing the sensor electrode, with a guard ring between the electrodes to electrically isolate the reference electrode from the sensor electrode. The reference plate is disposed in facing relation to the deformable flat surface of the diaphragm and includes a sensor electrode ring disposed and in opposition to the sensor electrode on the diaphragm to form a sensing capacitor therewith. Spacer means disposed in the central region between the diaphragm and the reference plate intercouple the two elements and maintain a substantially fixed dimension in the central region therebetween while permitting deformation of the diaphragm in response to pressure variations. The spacer means is conductive and facilitates electrical connection to the sensor electrode on the reference plate. A cover is disposed about the reference plate and coupled to the periphery of the diaphragm, and includes a reference electrode ring in facing relation to the reference electrode on the diaphragm to form a reference capacitor therewith.
摘要翻译：电容式压力传感器包括可偏转隔膜和基本上平面的参考板，两者都优选地由陶瓷模制而成。隔膜包括围绕其中心区域设置的传感器电极环和基本上围绕传感器电极的同心参考电极环，在电极之间具有保护环，以将参考电极与传感器电极电隔离。参考板以与隔膜的可变形平坦表面相对的方式设置，并且包括传感器电极环，其设置并与隔膜上的传感器电极相对，以形成感测电容器。间隔件装置设置在隔膜和参考板之间的中心区域中，将两个元件相互连接并且在其间的中心区域中保持基本上固定的尺寸，同时允许隔膜响应于压力变化而变形。隔离装置是导电的并且便于与参考板上的传感器电极的电连接。盖围绕参考板设置并耦合到隔膜的周边，并且包括与隔膜上的参考电极相对的参考电极环，以与其形成参考电容器。

7. 发明授权

US4458537A High accuracy differential pressure capacitive transducer 失效
标题翻译：高精度差压电容式换能器
公开(公告)号：US4458537A
公开(公告)日：1984-07-10
申请号：US262545
申请日：1981-05-11
申请人： Robert L. Bell , Richard A. Lathlaen
发明人： Robert L. Bell , Richard A. Lathlaen
IPC分类号： G01L9/12 , G01L9/00 , G01L13/02
CPC分类号： G01L9/0075 , G01L13/025
摘要： A capacitive pressure transducer is disclosed in which a sensing diaphragm bearing an electrode is mounted to flex in response to applied fluid pressure relative to a reference member having an opposed electrode. A thin film or layer of dielectric material such as glass covers the reference member electrode and has formed therein a concavity matching the flexed curvature of the sensing diaphragm at its limit position. The dielectric layer has a high compressive strength and substantially enhances linearity by providing a substantially higher capacitance than the equivalent fluid-filled space. The transducer is retained within a transducer assembly under compressive preload, the assembly further including thermal strain relief means. Also disclosed are methods of making the transducer, which methods include thick film screen deposition techniques for forming concavities having preselected contours in the dielectric layer.
摘要翻译：公开了一种电容式压力换能器，其中安装有一个带有电极的检测膜片以响应于相对于具有相对电极的基准元件施加的流体压力而弯曲。诸如玻璃之类的介电材料薄膜或覆盖物覆盖参考构件电极并且在其中形成了与感测隔膜的弯曲曲率在其极限位置匹配的凹面。电介质层具有高的压缩强度，并且通过提供比等效的填充液体的空间大得多的电容来显着提高线性度。传感器在压缩预载下保持在换能器组件内，组件还包括热应变消除装置。还公开了制造换能器的方法，所述方法包括用于在电介质层中形成具有预选轮廓的凹部的厚膜屏蔽沉积技术。

8. 发明授权

US4388668A Capacitive pressure transducer 失效
标题翻译：电容式压力传感器
公开(公告)号：US4388668A
公开(公告)日：1983-06-14
申请号：US99600
申请日：1979-12-03
申请人： Robert L. Bell , Robert Willing , Fred Kavli
发明人： Robert L. Bell , Robert Willing , Fred Kavli
IPC分类号： G01L9/00 , H01G7/00
CPC分类号： G01L9/0086 , G01L9/0075
摘要： A capacitive pressure transducer comprising a pair of disc shaped members having planar surfaces made from an insulator material, one of the members being several times thinner than the other plate and flexible and constituting a diaphragm and the other thicker plate constituting a stationary plate. A thin conductive film is formed on the surface of each of the members to form the plates of the capacitor. A glass frit is applied on the marginal edge of each member and when the members are held in adjacent relationship, the assembly is fired to seal the two members together while spacing them a predetermined distance apart so that the two conductive plates are opposite each other and are separated by an open gap of a predetermined distance, the two conductive plates being insulated one from the other. Leads are electrically connected to the conductive plate of each disc through the fused glass frit. When pressure is applied to the member, the diaphragm member is displaced thereby changing the capacitance of the pressure transducer.
摘要翻译：一种电容式压力传感器，包括一对具有由绝缘体材料制成的平面的盘状构件，其中一个构件比另一个板薄数倍，并且柔性并构成隔膜，而另一个较厚的板构成固定板。在每个构件的表面上形成薄导电膜以形成电容器的板。玻璃料被施加在每个构件的边缘上，并且当构件保持相邻关系时，组件被点燃以将两个构件密封在一起，同时间隔开预定距离，使得两个导电板彼此相对，并且通过预定距离的开放间隙分开，两个导电板彼此绝缘。引线通过熔融玻璃料电连接到每个盘的导电板。当对构件施加压力时，隔膜构件移位，从而改变压力传感器的电容。

9. 发明授权

US4207604A Capacitive pressure transducer with cut out conductive plate 失效
标题翻译：带导电板的电容式压力传感器
公开(公告)号：US4207604A
公开(公告)日：1980-06-10
申请号：US898518
申请日：1978-04-20
申请人： Robert L. Bell
发明人： Robert L. Bell
IPC分类号： G01L9/00 , H01G7/00
CPC分类号： G01L9/0086 , G01L9/0075
摘要： A capacitive pressure transducer comprising a pair of disc shaped members having planar surfaces made from an insulator material, one of the members being several times thinner than the other plate and flexible and constituting a diaphragm and the other thicker plate constituting a stationary plate. A thin conductive film is formed on the surface of each of the members to form the plates of the capacitor. A glass frit is applied on the marginal edge of each member and when the members are held in adjacent relationship, the assembly is fired to seal the two members together while spacing them a predetermined distance apart so that the two cnductive plates are opposite each other and are separated by an open gap of a predetermined distance, the two conductive plates being insulated one from the other. Leads are electrically connected to the conductive plate of each disc through the fused glass frit. When pressure is applied to the member, the diaphragm member is displaced thereby changing the capacitance of the pressure transducer.
摘要翻译：一种电容式压力传感器，包括一对具有由绝缘体材料制成的平面的盘状构件，其中一个构件比另一个板薄数倍，并且柔性并构成隔膜，而另一个较厚的板构成固定板。在每个构件的表面上形成薄导电膜以形成电容器的板。将玻璃料施加在每个构件的边缘上，并且当构件保持相邻关系时，组件被点燃以将两个构件密封在一起，同时间隔开预定距离，使得两个导电板彼此相对，并且通过预定距离的开放间隙分开，两个导电板彼此绝缘。引线通过熔融玻璃料电连接到每个盘的导电板。当对构件施加压力时，隔膜构件移位，从而改变压力传感器的电容。

10. 发明授权

US4151578A Capacitive pressure transducer 失效
标题翻译：电容式压力传感器
公开(公告)号：US4151578A
公开(公告)日：1979-04-24
申请号：US820767
申请日：1977-08-01
申请人： Robert L. Bell
发明人： Robert L. Bell
IPC分类号： G01L9/00 , H01G7/00
CPC分类号： G01L9/0075 , G01L9/0086
摘要： A capacitive pressure transducer including a pair of electrically insulative elastic diaphragms disposed adjacent each other and bonded together in a spaced apart relationship to form a sealed cavity, a conductive layer applied to the inside surface of each of the diaphragms and a small absolute pressure provided in the cavity. This small absolute pressure cavity essentially reduces the effects of the negative temperature coefficient of the modulus of elasticity of the diaphragms.
摘要翻译：一种电容式压力传感器，包括一对电绝缘弹性隔膜，彼此相邻并且以间隔开的关系结合在一起以形成密封空腔，施加到每个隔膜的内表面的导电层和设置在空腔。这个小的绝对压力腔基本上减少了膜片的弹性模量的负温度系数的影响。

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