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1. 发明授权

US5438366A Aspherical blur filter for reducing artifacts in imaging apparatus 失效
标题翻译：用于减少成像设备中的伪影的非球面模糊滤镜
公开(公告)号：US5438366A
公开(公告)日：1995-08-01
申请号：US342994
申请日：1994-11-21
申请人： Todd A. Jackson , Robert H. Hibbard
发明人： Todd A. Jackson , Robert H. Hibbard
IPC分类号： G02B5/02 , G02B13/18 , G02B27/09 , G02B27/46 , H04N5/225 , H04N5/72
CPC分类号： G02B27/0988 , G02B13/18 , G02B27/46 , G02B5/02 , H04N5/2254
摘要： An optical blur filter having a substantially aspherical shape is used in imaging apparatus to limit high spatial frequencies incident upon an image sensor, and thereby to reduce undersampling artifacts. The filter images a circular blur pattern upon an array of nearby photosites. Due to its aspherical shape, the surface of the filter smoothly varies in relation to the field of view of a zoom lens in the apparatus so that the blur pattern maintains a substantially constant radius despite changes in the focal length of the zoom lens.
摘要翻译：在成像装置中使用具有基本非球面形状的光学模糊滤光器来限制入射到图像传感器上的高空间频率，从而减少欠采样伪像。过滤器在附近的照片阵列上形成圆形模糊图案。由于其非球面形状，过滤器的表面相对于设备中的变焦透镜的视场平滑地变化，使得尽管变焦透镜的焦距有变化，但是模糊图案保持基本上恒定的半径。

2. 发明授权

US5321251A Angled optical fiber filter for reducing artifacts in imaging apparatus 失效
标题翻译：用于减少成像设备中伪像的角度光纤过滤器
公开(公告)号：US5321251A
公开(公告)日：1994-06-14
申请号：US40727
申请日：1993-03-31
申请人： Todd A. Jackson , Robert H. Hibbard
发明人： Todd A. Jackson , Robert H. Hibbard
IPC分类号： G02B6/04 , G02B6/08 , G02B27/46
CPC分类号： G02B27/46 , G02B6/08
摘要： An optical fiber array is used as a blur filter in imaging apparatus to limit high spatial frequencies incident upon an image sensor, and thereby to reduce undersampling artifacts. The optical fiber array includes optical fibers disposed in the path of incident image light at an angle to the optical axis of the sensor such that the optical fibers composing the array emit an annular pattern of light over adjacent photosites, thereby producing a blurred image. The annular pattern of light has a mean radius that remains substantially the same regardless of changes in the optical aperture of the imaging path, with only the thickness of the annular pattern changing with aperture.
摘要翻译：在成像设备中使用光纤阵列作为模糊滤波器来限制入射到图像传感器上的高空间频率，从而减少欠采样伪影。光纤阵列包括设置在与传感器的光轴成角度的入射图像光的路径中的光纤，使得构成阵列的光纤在相邻的光电子上发出环形图案，从而产生模糊图像。光的环形图案的平均半径保持基本上相同，而与成像路径的光学孔径的变化无关，只有环形图案的厚度随孔径而变化。

3. 发明授权

US5382976A Apparatus and method for adaptively interpolating a full color image utilizing luminance gradients 失效
标题翻译：使用亮度梯度自适应地插入全色图像的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US5382976A
公开(公告)日：1995-01-17
申请号：US85520
申请日：1993-06-30
申请人： Robert H. Hibbard
发明人： Robert H. Hibbard
IPC分类号： H04N9/07 , G06T3/40 , H04N9/04
CPC分类号： G06T3/4015 , H04N9/045 , H04N2209/046
摘要： Adaptive interpolation is performed by apparatus operating upon a digitized image signal obtained from an image sensor having color photosites that generate a plurality of color values, but only one color per photosite. A digital processor obtains gradient values from the differences between luminance values in vertical and horizontal image directions. The gradient values are compared to a programmable threshold in order to select one of the directions as the preferred orientation for the interpolation of additional luminance values. The interpolation is then performed upon values selected to agree with the preferred orientation.
摘要翻译：自适应内插是通过对从具有产生多个颜色值的彩色光斑的图像传感器获得的数字化图像信号进行操作的，但是每个光斑只有一种颜色。数字处理器从垂直和水平图像方向上的亮度值之间的差异获得梯度值。将梯度值与可编程阈值进行比较，以便选择一个方向作为附加亮度值的插值的优选取向。然后根据选择的值与优选取向一致地执行插值。

4. 发明授权

US5189511A Method and apparatus for improving the color rendition of hardcopy images from electronic cameras 失效
标题翻译：用于改善电子摄像机的彩色图像颜色的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5189511A
公开(公告)日：1993-02-23
申请号：US495067
申请日：1990-03-19
申请人： Kenneth A. Parulski , Donald C. Bellis, Jr. , Robert H. Hibbard , Edward J. Giorgianni , Elizabeth McInerney
发明人： Kenneth A. Parulski , Donald C. Bellis, Jr. , Robert H. Hibbard , Edward J. Giorgianni , Elizabeth McInerney
IPC分类号： H04N1/409 , H04N1/46 , H04N1/58 , H04N1/60 , H04N9/79
CPC分类号： H04N1/58 , H04N1/409 , H04N1/60
摘要： The present invention involves taking a three color signal produced by an electronic color image sensor, such as the Kodak KAF-1400 sensor with a 3G CFA filter, and performing additive-type color correction processing in a linear domain suitable for performing additive-type color correction. The additive-type processing can be performed by a matrix multiplier using three 3 element correction equations. The linear color corrected signals are converted into a domain, such as the log domain, suitable for performing subtractive-type color correction. Subtractive-type color correction is performed using three 3 element correction equations, or three 9 element correction equations. The color corrected sigtnals are then converted to an appropriate format for input to a color printer. To reduce noise enhancement problems, the color correction is performed on lowpass color signals, and the color corrected lowpass signals are combined with the original high frequency color signals. To enhance the sharpness of the color print, edge enhancement is performed in a three color enhancement space using an appropriately quantized and filtered green color signal, and coring and clipping type noise removal.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及由具有3G CFA滤波器的电视彩色图像传感器（例如柯达KAF-1400传感器）产生的三色信号，并且在适于执行添加型颜色的线性域中执行附加型颜色校正处理更正。加法型处理可以通过使用三个3元素校正方程的矩阵乘法器执行。线性色彩校正信号被转换成适于执行减色型颜色校正的域，例如对数域。使用三个3元素校正方程或三个9个元素校正方程执行减法式颜色校正。然后将颜色校正的信号转换为适当的格式以输入到彩色打印机。为了降低噪声增强问题，在低通彩色信号上执行色彩校正，并将色彩校正的低通信号与原始高频彩色信号组合。为了增强彩色印刷的清晰度，使用适当量化和滤波的绿色信号以及取芯和剪切型噪声去除在三色增强空间中执行边缘增强。

5. 发明授权

US5008739A Real-time digital processor for producing full resolution color signals from a multi-color image sensor 失效
标题翻译：用于从多色图像传感器生成全分辨率彩色信号的实时数字处理器
公开(公告)号：US5008739A
公开(公告)日：1991-04-16
申请号：US310419
申请日：1989-02-13
申请人： Lionel J. D'Luna , Robert H. Hibbard , Kenneth A. Parulski
发明人： Lionel J. D'Luna , Robert H. Hibbard , Kenneth A. Parulski
IPC分类号： H04N9/04 , H04N9/64
CPC分类号： H04N9/646 , H04N9/045
摘要： A digital processing system is described for processing luminance and chrominance signals from a single, multi-color image sensor. By concentrating signal improvements and corrections into an application-dependent post-processing phase, the pre-processing functions are isolated in a signle, generic pre-processor integrated circuit that provides fully interpolated color signals in a real-time system by utilizing a fully pipelined architecture. The pre-processor circuit separates luminance and chrominance interpolation so as to operate partly in quantized linear space and partly in quantized logarithmic space. The image signals are processed in a black reference clamp, a defect concealment circuit and a color separation and luminance interpolation circuit in linear space, using right shifts and additions to approximate predetermined multiplications. The signals are then transformed into hue signals and processed in log space for white balance and chroma (hue) interpolation. With the log green signal separately adjusted for gain, quantized red, green and blue signals are output from the pre-processor integrated circuit.
摘要翻译：描述了用于处理来自单个多色图像传感器的亮度和色度信号的数字处理系统。通过将信号改进和校正集中到依赖于应用的后处理阶段，预处理功能被隔离在一个通用的预处理器集成电路中，通过使用完全流水线的方式在实时系统中提供完全内插的颜色信号建筑。预处理器电路分离亮度和色度插值，以部分地在量化的线性空间中操作，部分地在量化对数空间中操作。图像信号在黑色参考夹，缺陷隐藏电路和线性空间中的色分离和亮度插值电路中使用右移和相加来近似预定乘法进行处理。然后将信号转换成色调信号，并在对数空间中进行白平衡和色度（色调）插值处理。随着日志绿色信号单独调整增益，量化的红，绿和蓝信号从预处理器集成电路输出。

6. 发明授权

US07215371B2 Electronic camera with quick review of last captured image 有权
标题翻译：电子相机快速查看最后拍摄的图像
公开(公告)号：US07215371B2
公开(公告)日：2007-05-08
申请号：US10153571
申请日：2002-05-22
申请人： Peter Fellegara , Richard W. Lourette , Michael E. Miller , Linda M. Antos , Robert H. Hibbard
发明人： Peter Fellegara , Richard W. Lourette , Michael E. Miller , Linda M. Antos , Robert H. Hibbard
IPC分类号： H04N5/222
CPC分类号： H04N1/00458 , G03B17/48 , H04N1/00424 , H04N1/0044 , H04N1/00474 , H04N1/2112 , H04N1/2116 , H04N1/2137 , H04N5/225 , H04N5/23293 , H04N2101/00
摘要： A camera incorporates a working memory (124) for storing a working image corresponding to the last captured image. The working image is displayed on a display screen (36) in a quick review mode of operation in response to a quick review signal entered by the camera operator via a camera control interface (74) to control processing circuitry (68,72) of the camera. The processing circuitry controls the display screen to keep it in an inactive state until the quick review signal is entered, and returns it to an inactive state after a predetermined time period or when the quick review signal is discontinued to conserve energy. In addition, the working image is displayed in the quick review mode regardless of whether a non-volatile memory is available in the camera or, in the case of a hybrid camera, whether a film cartridge is contained in a film chamber (98) of the camera.
摘要翻译：相机包括用于存储对应于最后拍摄图像的工作图像的工作存储器（124）。响应于由相机操作者通过照相机控制接口（74）输入的快速查看信号，工作图像以快速查看操作模式显示在显示屏幕（36）上，以控制处理电路（68,72）相机。处理电路控制显示屏幕以使其处于非活动状态，直到进入快速查看信号，并且在预定时间段之后或当快速查看信号中断以节省能量时将其返回到非活动状态。另外，工作图像以快速查看模式显示，而不管相机中是否有非易失性存储器，或者在混合照相机的情况下，是否将胶片暗盒包含在胶片室（98）中相机。

7. 发明授权

US5475428A Method for processing color image records subject to misregistration 失效
标题翻译：处理不正确对准的彩色图像记录的方法
公开(公告)号：US5475428A
公开(公告)日：1995-12-12
申请号：US118897
申请日：1993-09-09
申请人： Wayne W. Hintz , Robert H. Hibbard , Kenneth A. Parulski
发明人： Wayne W. Hintz , Robert H. Hibbard , Kenneth A. Parulski
IPC分类号： G06T3/00 , H04N1/58 , H04N9/04 , H04N9/093
CPC分类号： G06T3/4015 , H04N1/58 , H04N9/045 , H04N2209/046
摘要： In an electronic camera that can be utilized with a color filter wheel accessory for obtaining a color image composed of a sequence of red, green, and blue records, slight movement of the camera body can produce misregistration in the color records. Such misregistration can be determined by dividing the color image into a plurality of subsections, and selecting the particular subsection that meets a predetermined criterion for color neutrality, and that contains monochrome edge information suitable for correlation. The color records are brought into registration by processing the edge information of the selected subsection to determine the misregistration between the color records, and by shifting the misregistered records first by integer, and then by fractional pixel shift values.
摘要翻译：在可用于滤色器轮附件的电子照相机中，用于获得由红色，绿色和蓝色记录序列组成的彩色图像，相机机身的轻微移动可能导致彩色记录中的对准。可以通过将彩色图像划分成多个子部分并且选择符合用于颜色中立的预定标准的特定子部分并且包含适合于相关的单色边缘信息来确定这种不对准。通过处理所选择的子部分的边缘信息来将颜色记录进行注册，以确定颜色记录之间的对准，并通过首先将未记录记录移位整数，然后通过分数像素移位值移位。

8. 发明授权

US5315341A Method and apparatus for through-the-lens distance determination 失效
标题翻译：通过镜头距离测定的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5315341A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-24
申请号：US809999
申请日：1991-12-18
申请人： Robert H. Hibbard
发明人： Robert H. Hibbard
IPC分类号： G02B7/34 , G03B13/36
CPC分类号： G02B7/34
摘要： In an imaging system utilizing a through-the-lens phase-correlation type of autofocus system, architecture for determining absolute distance to one or more subjects to be imaged. In a preferred embodiment, the distance information is provided to means for effecting focal length adjustment so as to accomplish autocomposition of one or more of the subjects.
摘要翻译：在利用透镜相位相关型自动对焦系统的成像系统中，用于确定到要成像的一个或多个被摄体的绝对距离的结构。在优选实施例中，将距离信息提供给用于实现焦距调整的装置，以便实现一个或多个被摄体的自动组合。

9. 发明授权

US5299275A Optical fiber filter for reducing artifacts in imaging apparatus 失效
标题翻译：用于减少成像设备中伪像的光纤滤波器
公开(公告)号：US5299275A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-29
申请号：US40713
申请日：1993-03-31
申请人： Todd A. Jackson , Robert H. Hibbard
发明人： Todd A. Jackson , Robert H. Hibbard
IPC分类号： G02B6/06 , H04N5/225 , G02B6/04 , G02B6/42
CPC分类号： G02B6/06 , H04N5/2254
摘要： An optical fiber array is used as a blur filter in imaging apparatus to limit high spatial frequencies incident upon an image sensor, and thereby to reduce undersampling artifacts. The optical fiber array is disposed in the path of incident image light a predetermined distance from the image sensor such that at least some of the optical fibers composing the array emit a cone of light over adjacent photosites, thereby producing a blurred image. The blurring effect can also be obtained by using a pseudo-random array of fibers, and the imaging assembly can be additionally simplified by using the fiber optic array as a protective cover plate for the sensor.
摘要翻译：在成像设备中使用光纤阵列作为模糊滤波器来限制入射到图像传感器上的高空间频率，从而减少欠采样伪影。将光纤阵列设置在与图像传感器相距预定距离的入射图像光的路径中，使得构成阵列的至少一些光纤在相邻的光斑上发射出锥形光，从而产生模糊图像。也可以通过使用伪随机阵列的纤维来获得模糊效果，并且可以通过使用光纤阵列作为传感器的保护盖板来另外简化成像组件。

10. 发明授权

US5251019A Solid state color image sensor using a field-staggered color filter pattern 失效
标题翻译：使用场交错滤色器图案的固态彩色图像传感器
公开(公告)号：US5251019A
公开(公告)日：1993-10-05
申请号：US918875
申请日：1992-07-24
申请人： Michael C. Moorman , Robert H. Hibbard , Kenneth A. Parulski
发明人： Michael C. Moorman , Robert H. Hibbard , Kenneth A. Parulski
IPC分类号： H04N9/04 , H04N9/07
CPC分类号： H04N9/045 , H04N2209/046
摘要： A sensor 11 for a video camera includes a color filter array 12 of color filter elements covering a like array 14 of image sensing elements. Two fields of a video frame are provided by interlaced transfer of image signals from the sensor 11. The color filter array 12 is configured in relation to the sensor array 14 such that at least 75% of the image sensing elements are luminance-sensing (e.g., green) elements and the rest are chrominance-sensing (e.g., red and blue) elements. Furthermore, the chrominance-sensing elements of the same type (red or blue) are separated in a horizontal direction by at least three luminance-sensing (green) elements. The horizontal sampling frequency of the chrominance-sensing elements is increased by arranging horizontal lines containing the chrominance-sensing elements of the same type in staggered line pairs with the chrominance-sensing elements of one line appearing in different columns of the sensor in relation to chrominance sensing elements of the other line.
摘要翻译：用于摄像机的传感器11包括覆盖图像感测元件的类似阵列14的滤色器元件的滤色器阵列12。通过从传感器11的图像信号的隔行传送来提供视频帧的两个场。滤色器阵列12相对于传感器阵列14配置，使得至少75％的图像感测元件是亮度感测（例如，，绿色）元素，其余的是色度感测（例如，红色和蓝色）元素。此外，相同类型（红色或蓝色）的色度感测元件在水平方向上分开至少三个亮度感测（绿色）元件。色度感测元件的水平采样频率通过在交错线对中排列包含相同类型的色度感测元件的水平线，其中一条线的色度感测元件出现在传感器的不同列中，与色度相关感测另一条线的元件。

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