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1. 发明授权

US5648556A Synthesis of bis(2,2-dinitropropyl)acetal (BDNPA) 失效
标题翻译：双（2,2-二硝基丙基）缩醛（BDNPA）的合成
公开(公告)号：US5648556A
公开(公告)日：1997-07-15
申请号：US339138
申请日：1994-11-14
申请人： R. Scott Hamilton , Robert B. Wardle
发明人： R. Scott Hamilton , Robert B. Wardle
IPC分类号： C07C201/12 , C07B61/00 , C07C205/29 , C07C41/50 , C07C43/30
CPC分类号： C07C201/12
摘要： A nonsolvent process of synthesizing bis(2,2-dinitropropyl)acetal (BDNPA) is disclosed. In the process, 2,2-dinitropropanol (DNPOH) is reacted at low temperature with an acetaldehyde source in the presence of an acid catalyst, such as a Lewis acid catalyst or protic acid catalyst. To inhibit by product formation, the reaction temperature is maintained from about -30.degree. C. to 30.degree. C. Upon completion of the reaction, the reaction solution is quenched with water and washed with an aqueous hydroxide solution. The hydroxide concentration should be sufficient to neutralize any acid formed during the quenching step and to solubilize unreacted 2,2-dinitropropanol as well as other aqueous soluble byproducts in the reaction solution. The BDNPA product is extracted with methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) or equivalent solvent. The organic solvent is evaporated to yield usable BDNPA product. The resulting yield is at least 50% based on the starting quantity of 2,2-dinitropropanol.
摘要翻译：公开了合成双（2,2-二硝基丙基）缩醛（BDNPA）的非溶剂方法。在此过程中，在酸催化剂如路易斯酸催化剂或质子酸催化剂存在下，将2,2-二硝基丙醇（DNPOH）在低温下与乙醛源反应。为了抑制产物形成，将反应温度保持在约-30℃至30℃。反应完成后，将反应溶液用水淬灭并用氢氧化钠水溶液洗涤。氢氧化物浓度应足以中和淬灭步骤中形成的任何酸，并将未反应的2,2-二硝基丙醇以及其他水溶性副产物溶解在反应溶液中。用甲基叔丁基醚（MTBE）或等效溶剂萃取BDNPA产物。将有机溶剂蒸发，得到可用的BDNPA产物。基于2,2-二硝基丙醇的起始量，所得产率为至少50％。

2. 发明授权

US5554820A High solids rocket motor propellants using diepoxy curing agents 失效
标题翻译：使用二环氧固化剂的高固体火箭发动机推进剂
公开(公告)号：US5554820A
公开(公告)日：1996-09-10
申请号：US406573
申请日：1995-03-20
申请人： Robert B. Wardle , R. Scott Hamilton
发明人： Robert B. Wardle , R. Scott Hamilton
IPC分类号： C06B45/10
CPC分类号： C06B45/10
摘要： A PBAN-based solid rocket motor propellant which includes more than 85% or more solids is provided. Propellants of this nature are possible using the combination of diepoxide curing agents and PBAN as a binder. The curing agents include diepoxides having 4 to about 10 carbon atoms. It has been observed that when a diepoxide curing agent is substituted for conventional curing agents, viscosities are significantly reduced, thus enabling the addition of higher percentages of solids in the propellant formulation. Total solids loading of over 85% are achievable while maintaining end-of-mix viscosities within acceptable ranges.
摘要翻译：提供了一种包含超过85％或更多固体的PBAN固体火箭发动机推进剂。这种性质的推进剂可以使用二环氧化物固化剂和PBAN作为粘合剂的组合。固化剂包括具有4至约10个碳原子的二环氧化物。已经观察到，当二环氧化物固化剂代替常规固化剂时，粘度显着降低，因此能够在推进剂制剂中添加更高百分比的固体。总固体含量超过85％是可以实现的，同时保持混合后的粘度在可接受的范围内。

3. 发明授权

US5747603A Polymers used in elastomeric binders for high-energy compositions 失效
标题翻译：用于高能组合物的弹性体粘合剂中的聚合物
公开(公告)号：US5747603A
公开(公告)日：1998-05-05
申请号：US51979
申请日：1987-05-19
申请人： Jerald C. Hinshaw , R. Scott Hamilton
发明人： Jerald C. Hinshaw , R. Scott Hamilton
IPC分类号： C08G18/50 , C08G18/71 , C08G65/22 , C08G65/333 , C08G65/336 , C08G65/32
CPC分类号： C08G18/5021 , C08G18/718 , C08G65/22 , C08G65/33348 , C08G65/336
摘要： Difunctional, hydroxyl-terminated polymers in which the terminal hydroxyl group is non-primary or hindered are end-capped to provide unhindered, primary, terminal hydroxyl groups which promote an improved cure and improved mechanical properties of the cured elastomer. End-capping chemicals have an hydroxyl-reactive group at one end and a group at the other end which is removable to provide a primary, unhindered hydroxyl group. Short-chain, hydroxyl-terminated polymers are chain-extended with a diisocyanate.
摘要翻译：末端羟基是非初级或受阻的二官能的羟基封端的聚合物被封端以提供不受阻碍的伯，末端羟基，促进固化的弹性体的改进的固化和改进的机械性能。封端化学品在一端具有羟基反应性基团，另一端具有可移除的基团以提供初级的，不受阻碍的羟基的基团。短链羟基封端的聚合物用二异氰酸酯链延长。

4. 发明授权

US06992185B2 Crystallization of 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazatetracyclo[5.5.0.05,903,11]-dodecane 有权
标题翻译： 2,4,6,8,10,12-六硝基-2,4,6,8,10,12-六氮杂四环[5.5.0.05,903,11] - 十二烷的结晶
公开(公告)号：US06992185B2
公开(公告)日：2006-01-31
申请号：US10042522
申请日：2002-01-09
申请人： R. Scott Hamilton
发明人： R. Scott Hamilton
IPC分类号： C07D255/00 , C06B25/34
CPC分类号： C07D487/22
摘要： A method is provided in which 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazatetracyclo[5.5.0.05,903,11]-dodecane (CL-20 or HNIW) is crystallized to its ε-polymorph by an inverse precipitation technique. A dry CL-20 solvent solution containing an amount of CL-20 dissolved in a CL-20 solvent is prepared. The dry solvent solution is added to a crystallizer containing a CL-20 non-solvent to cause precipitation of epsilon polymorph CL-20 crystals by the inverse precipitation technique. The precipitated epsilon polymorph CL-20 crystals are separated from the non-solvent and the solvent.
摘要翻译：提供了一种方法，其中2,4,6,8,10,12-六硝基-2,4,6,8,10,12-六氮杂四环[5.5.0.0 5,9+ 通过反相沉淀技术将十二烷（CL-20或HNIW）结晶成其ε-多晶型物。制备溶解在CL-20溶剂中的含有CL-20量的干CL-20溶剂溶液。将干溶剂溶液加入到含有CL-20非溶剂的结晶器中，通过反相沉淀技术使ε型多晶型CL-20晶体析出。沉淀的ε型多晶型物CL-20晶体与非溶剂和溶剂分离。

5. 发明授权

US5859384A Method for preparing propellants by late addition of metallic fuel 失效
标题翻译：通过晚期添加金属燃料制备推进剂的方法
公开(公告)号：US5859384A
公开(公告)日：1999-01-12
申请号：US377285
申请日：1989-06-20
申请人： Roger R. Hendrickson , R. Scott Hamilton
发明人： Roger R. Hendrickson , R. Scott Hamilton
IPC分类号： C06B21/00 , C06B45/10
CPC分类号： C06B45/10 , C06B21/0025
摘要： There is provided an improved process for preparing a composite propellant comprising (a) a polymeric binder, (b) a bonding agent, (c) a curing agent for the binder, (d) a metallic fuel, and (e) an ammonium salt oxidizer wherein the improvement resides in adding the metallic fuel to the propellant mix after all of the ammonium salt oxidizer has been added to the propellant mix.
摘要翻译：提供了一种制备复合推进剂的改进方法，其包括（a）聚合物粘合剂，（b）粘合剂，（c）粘合剂用固化剂，（d）金属燃料和（e）铵盐氧化剂，其中改进在于将所有铵盐氧化剂加入到推进剂混合物中之后，将金属燃料添加到推进剂混合物中。

6. 发明授权

US5414123A Polyether compounds having both imine and hydroxyl functionality and methods of synthesis 失效
标题翻译：具有亚胺和羟基官能团的聚醚化合物和合成方法
公开(公告)号：US5414123A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-09
申请号：US173425
申请日：1993-12-23
申请人： R. Scott Hamilton , Gary K. Lund , Robert M. Hajik
发明人： R. Scott Hamilton , Gary K. Lund , Robert M. Hajik
IPC分类号： C07C251/24 , C08G65/333
CPC分类号： C07C251/24 , C08G65/33389
摘要： Polyether organic compounds are described which have both imine and hydroxyl functionality. These materials are synthesized by reacting a primary amine with an aldehyde or ketone to form a Schiff base. By definition, a Schiff base comprises the reaction product of a primary amine and an aldehyde. In this case, however, unlike conventional Schiff bases, the reaction product possesses both hydroxyl and Schiff base functionality. In one embodiment of the invention, such a product is produced by the reaction of a polyoxyalkyleneamine (Jeffamine) with p-nitrobenzaldehyde and glycidol. The result is a polyether having both hydroxyl and Schiff base functionality. The compounds produced in this manner are particularly useful as bonding agents in the formulation of solid propellants. The bonding agents provide superior performance, while avoiding the problems encountered when using existing bonding agents. The observed superior performance is believed to arise from the ability of the materials to bond within the propellant matrix by means of the hydroxyl groups, and to align with oxidizers, such as ammonium perchlorate, by means of the Schiff bases.
摘要翻译：描述了具有亚胺和羟基官能团的聚醚有机化合物。这些材料通过使伯胺与醛或酮反应形成席夫碱来合成。根据定义，希夫碱包括伯胺和醛的反应产物。然而，在这种情况下，与常规席夫碱不同，反应产物具有羟基和席夫碱功能。在本发明的一个实施方案中，通过聚氧亚烷基胺（Jeffamine）与对硝基苯甲醛和缩水甘油的反应制备这种产物。其结果是具有羟基和席夫碱官能团的聚醚。以这种方式制备的化合物特别可用作固体推进剂制剂中的粘合剂。粘合剂提供优异的性能，同时避免使用现有粘合剂时遇到的问题。据认为观察到的优异性能是由材料通过羟基在推进剂基质内键合的能力产生的，并且通过席夫碱与氧化剂如高氯酸铵一致。

7. 发明授权

US07288648B2 High temperature crystallization of 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazatetracyclo[5.5.0.05,903,11]-dodecane 有权
标题翻译： 2,4,6,8,10,12-六硝基-2,4,6,8,10,12-六氮杂四环[5.5.0.05,903,11] - 十二烷的高温结晶
公开(公告)号：US07288648B2
公开(公告)日：2007-10-30
申请号：US10636373
申请日：2003-08-06
申请人： R. Scott Hamilton , Vincent Mancini , Clint Nelson , Sharon Yeung Dressen
发明人： R. Scott Hamilton , Vincent Mancini , Clint Nelson , Sharon Yeung Dressen
IPC分类号： C07D487/22 , C07B25/34 , C07B45/00
CPC分类号： C07D487/22 , C06B25/34
摘要： A method of crystallizing an epsilon-polymorph of 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazatetracyclo[5.5.0.05,903,11]-dodecane (CL-20). The method comprises combining the CL-20, at least one organic solvent, and at least one nonsolvent to form a crystallization solution. The crystallization solution is saturated and heated to a temperature greater than about 60° C., such as from about 71° C. to about 94° C. The organic solvent is removed from the crystallization solution while retaining a sufficient amount of the nonsolvent to crystallize the CL-20 as the epsilon-polymorph. The nonsolvent is separated from the epsilon-polymorph of CL-20. A composition of CL-20 comprising the epsilon-polymorph having a particle density of 2.035 g/ml is also disclosed.
摘要翻译：使2,4,6,8,10,12-六硝基-2,4,6,8,10,12-六氮杂四环[5.5.0.0±5,9]的ε-多晶型物结晶的方法， 0,11-十二烷（CL-20）。该方法包括将CL-20，至少一种有机溶剂和至少一种非溶剂组合以形成结晶溶液。结晶溶液是饱和的并加热到大于约60℃，例如约71℃至约94℃的温度。将有机溶剂从结晶溶液中除去，同时保留足够量的非溶剂至使CL-20结晶为ε-多晶型物。非溶剂与CL-20的ε-多晶型物分离。还公开了包含粒子密度为2.035g / ml的ε-多晶型物的CL-20的组合物。

8. 发明授权

US5449835A Synthesis of bis(2,2-dinitropropyl) formal (BDNPF) 失效
标题翻译：双（2,2-二硝基丙基）正己烷（BDNPF）的合成
公开(公告)号：US5449835A
公开(公告)日：1995-09-12
申请号：US339140
申请日：1994-11-14
申请人： R. Scott Hamilton , Robert B. Wardle
发明人： R. Scott Hamilton , Robert B. Wardle
IPC分类号： B01J27/02 , C07B61/00 , C07C201/12 , C07C205/29 , C07C41/50 , C07C43/30
CPC分类号： C07C201/12
摘要： A nonsolvent process of synthesizing bis(2,2-dinitropropyl)formal (BDNPF) is disclosed. In the process, 2,2-dinitropropanol (DNPOH) is reacted at low temperature with a formaldehyde source in the presence of a protic acid catalyst, such as H.sub.2 SO.sub.4, HCl, H.sub.3 PO.sub.4, or HBr. To inhibit byproduct formation, the reaction temperature is maintained from about -30.degree. C. to 30.degree. C. Upon completion of the reaction, the reaction solution is quenched with water and washed with an aqueous hydroxide ion solution. The hydroxide ion concentration should be sufficient to neutralize the protic acid catalyst during the quenching step and to solubilize unreacted 2,2-dinitropropanol as well as other aqueous soluble byproducts in the reaction solution. The BDNPF product is extracted with a low boiling temperature polar organic solvent, such as methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) or equivalent solvent. The organic solvent is evaporated to yield usable BDNPF product. The resulting yield is at least 60% based on the starting quantity of 2,2-dinitropropanol.
摘要翻译：公开了合成双（2,2-二硝基丙基）甲醛（BDNPF）的非溶剂方法。在此过程中，在质子酸催化剂如H 2 SO 4，HCl，H 3 PO 4或HBr存在下，将2,2-二硝基丙醇（DNPOH）在低温下与甲醛源反应。为了抑制副产物形成，将反应温度保持在约-30℃至30℃。反应完成后，将反应溶液用水淬灭并用氢氧化钠水溶液洗涤。氢氧根离子浓度应足以在淬火步骤期间中和质子酸催化剂，并将未反应的2,2-二硝基丙醇以及其它水溶性副产物溶解在反应溶液中。 BDNPF产物用低沸点极性有机溶剂如甲基叔丁基醚（MTBE）或等效溶剂萃取。将有机溶剂蒸发，得到可用的BDNPF产物。基于2,2-二硝基丙醇的起始量，所得产率为至少60％。

9. 发明授权

US5366572A Oxazoline bonding agents in composite propellants 失效
标题翻译：复合推进剂中的恶唑啉粘合剂
公开(公告)号：US5366572A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-22
申请号：US65173
申请日：1993-05-20
申请人： R. Scott Hamilton , Robert B. Wardle , Jerald C. Hinshaw
发明人： R. Scott Hamilton , Robert B. Wardle , Jerald C. Hinshaw
IPC分类号： C06B45/10 , C08K5/47
CPC分类号： C08K5/47 , C06B45/10
摘要： Oxazolines useful as bonding agents in solid rocket propellants are disclosed. The oxazoline bonding agents are capable of polymerizing in the presence of ammonium perchlorate. The bonding agents of the present invention are added to the propellant in a range from about 0.1% to about 3% concentration. Importantly, there is no increase in ammonia liberated above baseline propellant values and no increase in end of mix viscosities by using the oxazolines according to the present invention which provides substantial processing savings.
摘要翻译：公开了可用作固体火箭推进剂中的粘合剂的恶唑啉。恶唑啉粘合剂能够在高氯酸铵存在下聚合。将本发明的粘合剂以约0.1％至约3％浓度的范围加入到推进剂中。重要的是，通过使用根据本发明的恶唑啉提供了显着的处理节省，释放出的基础上推进剂值没有增加的氨和没有增加的混合物粘度的结束。

10. 发明授权

US09181140B1 Solid propellant bonding agents and methods for their use 失效
标题翻译：固体推进剂粘合剂及其使用方法
公开(公告)号：US09181140B1
公开(公告)日：2015-11-10
申请号：US08204044
申请日：1993-12-30
申请人： R. Scott Hamilton , Gary K. Lund , Robert M. Hajik
发明人： R. Scott Hamilton , Gary K. Lund , Robert M. Hajik
IPC分类号： C06B23/00 , C06B29/22
CPC分类号： C06B45/10 , C06B29/22
摘要： Bonding agents for use in formulating solid propellants are described. The bonding agents have a Schiff base, or Schiff base and hydroxyl or amine functionality. These materials are synthesized by reacting a primary amine with an aldehyde to form a Schiff base. By definition, a Schiff base comprises the reaction product of a primary amine and an aldehyde. In one embodiment of the invention, such a product is produced by the reaction of a polyoxyalkyleneamine (JEFFAMINE®) with p-nitrobenzaldehyde and glycidol. The result is a polyether having both hydroxyl and Schiff base functionality. The bonding agents provide superior performance, while avoiding problems, such as ammonia production during processing, encountered when using existing bonding agents. Propellants formulated using these bonding agents have mechanical properties within acceptable ranges.
摘要翻译：描述了用于配制固体推进剂的粘合剂。粘合剂具有希夫碱，席夫碱和羟基或胺官能团。这些材料通过使伯胺与醛反应形成席夫碱来合成。根据定义，希夫碱包括伯胺和醛的反应产物。在本发明的一个实施方案中，通过聚氧亚烷基胺与对硝基苯甲醛和缩水甘油的反应制备这种产物。其结果是具有羟基和席夫碱官能团的聚醚。粘合剂提供优异的性能，同时避免在使用现有的粘合剂时遇到的加工过程中遇到的氨生产等问题。使用这些粘结剂配制的推进剂具有可接受范围内的机械性能。

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