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1. 发明授权

US08990020B2 Method and apparatus for measuring the vertical separation of two stations in a borehole 有权
标题翻译：用于测量钻孔中两个台站的垂直分离的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US08990020B2
公开(公告)日：2015-03-24
申请号：US12698687
申请日：2010-02-02
申请人： Harold Pfutzner , Peter D. Wraight
发明人： Harold Pfutzner , Peter D. Wraight
IPC分类号： G01V1/40 , G01V7/06 , E21B49/08 , E21B47/10 , E21B47/00 , G01N9/36 , G01V1/50
CPC分类号： G01V7/06 , E21B47/00 , E21B47/10 , E21B49/08 , G01N9/36 , G01V1/50
摘要： A system and method for use in a downhole tool having a fluid density measurement device positioned therein are provided. In one example, the method includes deploying the downhole tool at a first station in a borehole. The downhole tool is moved from the first station to a second station in the borehole. A plurality of fluid density values of fluid within the borehole between the first and second stations are measured using the fluid density measurement device in the downhole tool. The plurality of fluid density values may represent a continuous log of fluid densities between the first and second stations.
摘要翻译：提供了一种在井下工具中使用的具有定位在其中的流体密度测量装置的系统和方法。在一个示例中，该方法包括在钻孔中的第一站处部署井下工具。井下工具从第一工位移动到钻孔中的第二工位。使用井下工具中的流体密度测量装置测量第一和第二站之间钻孔内的流体的多个流体密度值。多个流体密度值可以表示第一和第二站之间的流体密度的连续对数。

2. 发明授权

US5841135A Method and apparatus for measuring formation density and the formation photo-electric factor with a multi-detector gamma-gamma tool 失效
标题翻译：用多检测器伽玛伽马工具测量地层密度和形成光电因子的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5841135A
公开(公告)日：1998-11-24
申请号：US800976
申请日：1997-02-19
申请人： Christian Stoller , Nihal I. Wijeyesekera , Urmi DasGupta , Donald C. McKeon , Peter D. Wraight
发明人： Christian Stoller , Nihal I. Wijeyesekera , Urmi DasGupta , Donald C. McKeon , Peter D. Wraight
IPC分类号： G01N23/08 , G01V5/12
CPC分类号： G01N23/083 , G01V5/125
摘要： The present invention is an improved method and tool for determining formation density by using an array of gamma-ray detectors. This invention can correct for large standoffs encountered in abnormally shaped boreholes and in particular for the increased standoffs typically encountered by mandrel tools. In this invention, the collimated detectors have varying depths of investigation into the formation. At small standoffs a short spaced (SS) detector investigates mainly the mud and mudcake and a shallow layer of the formation. Unlike the SS, a mid spaced (MS) detector has a deeper depth of investigation and is sensitive to borehole and formation even at increased standoffs. A long spaced (LS) detector is mainly sensitive to the formation density and its density reading is corrected by using the standoff information from the MS and SS detectors. In addition to measuring density, this invention can measure the photo-electric factor (PEF) of the formation. Because photo-electric absorption preferentially removes low energy gamma-rays, the tool housing needs to allow passage of low energy gamma-rays. This can be accomplished through the use of a window of a material with a low atomic number (Z) or through the use of a low-Z housing material like titanium. Typical window materials are beryllium and titanium. Housing materials can be titanium or for lower pressure requirements graphite or high-strength carbon compounds.
摘要翻译：本发明是通过使用γ射线检测器阵列来确定地层密度的改进方法和工具。本发明可以校正在异常形状的钻孔中遇到的大的间隙，特别是对于通常由心轴工具遇到的间隙增加。在本发明中，准直检测器具有不同深度的调查深度。在狭小的距离处，短距离（SS）探测器主要研究泥浆和泥饼以及地层的浅层。与SS不同，中间间隔（MS）检测器具有更深的研究深度，并且即使在增加的间隙时也对钻孔和形成敏感。长距离（LS）检测器主要对地层密度敏感，并且通过使用来自MS和SS检测器的间隔信息来校正其密度读数。除测量密度外，本发明还可以测量地层的光电因子（PEF）。由于光电吸收优先消除低能γ射线，所以工具壳体需要允许低能γ射线的通过。这可以通过使用具有低原子数（Z）的材料的窗口或通过使用诸如钛的低Z外壳材料来实现。典型的窗口材料是铍和钛。外壳材料可以是钛或低压要求石墨或高强度碳化合物。

3. 发明授权

US5408097A Method and apparatus for correcting natural gamma ray measurements for borehole fluid effects 失效
标题翻译：用于校正井眼流体效应的自然伽马射线测量的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5408097A
公开(公告)日：1995-04-18
申请号：US159412
申请日：1993-11-29
申请人： Peter D. Wraight , Donald C. McKeon
发明人： Peter D. Wraight , Donald C. McKeon
IPC分类号： G01V5/06 , G01V5/04
CPC分类号： G01V5/06
摘要： A method and apparatus for detecting natural gamma-ray signals of an earth formation and correcting these gamma-ray signals for effects from borehole gamma-rays. Gamma-ray signals are detected at two detector locations in the borehole. The borehole effects are derived from the differences between the detected signals. After the borehole effects are determined, the detected gamma-ray signal is corrected for these effects and measurements of the formation elements are derived. A differential signal between the two detectors is created by excluding a small volume of borehole fluid from one of the detectors from the borehole fluid, before detecting gamma-rays at both detectors. The excluder displaces a known volume of borehole fluid equal to the volume of the excluder. Both detectors record gamma-ray generated from the formation and borehole. The additional volume of borehole fluid at one detector causes the detected signals to be different. This difference in signals is caused by the detection of the gamma-rays from the extra volume of fluid by the exposed detector. From this differential signal, correction parameters are derived to correct the signal for borehole effects caused by potassium in the borehole fluid, and thereby leave a signal indicative of natural gamma-rays from the earth formation.
摘要翻译：一种用于检测地球构造的自然伽马射线信号并校正这些伽马射线信号以用于来自钻孔伽马射线的效果的方法和装置。在井眼中的两个检测器位置处检测伽马射线信号。井眼效应是从检测到的信号之间的差异导出的。在确定井眼效应之后，针对这些效应校正检测到的伽马射线信号，并导出形成元件的测量。在两个检测器之前检测伽马射线之前，通过从井眼流体中的一个检测器排除小体积的钻孔流体来产生两个检测器之间的差分信号。排除器将已知体积的钻孔液体置换为等于排除器的体积。两个检测器记录从地层和井眼产生的伽马射线。在一个检测器处的钻孔流体的附加体积导致检测到的信号不同。这种信号差异是由暴露的检测器检测来自额外体积的流体的伽马射线引起的。根据该差分信号，导出校正参数以校正由钻井液中的钾引起的钻孔效应的信号，从而留下表示来自地层的自然γ射线的信号。

4. 发明授权

US4926044A Thermal decay time logging method and apparatus 失效
标题翻译：热衰减时间测井方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4926044A
公开(公告)日：1990-05-15
申请号：US112208
申请日：1987-10-20
申请人： Peter D. Wraight
发明人： Peter D. Wraight
IPC分类号： G01V5/10
CPC分类号： G01V5/102 , G01V5/105 , G01V5/108
摘要： A novel neutron burst timing, detection, and calculation method and apparatus are disclosed for a Thermal Decay Time Logging System. A neutron bursting regime is provided which includes a short burst, long burst repetitive sequence. After a short delay from the short burst, a first series of time gates is provided for accumulating gamma ray counts. After a relatively longer delay from the long burst, a second series of time gates is provided for accumulating gamma ray counts. The thermal neutron decay time constant .tau. and the macroscopic capture cross-section .SIGMA. of the formation are determined through an iterative procedure by which the formation .tau. is estimated from the second series of time gates which have been stripped of borehole decay counts determined from the first series of time gates. Similarly, the borehole .tau. is estimated from the first series of time gates which have been stripped of formation decay counts determined from the second series of time gates.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于热衰减时间测井系统的新颖的中子爆发定时，检测和计算方法和装置。提供了一种中子爆破方案，其包括短突发，长突发重复序列。在短脉冲短暂延迟之后，提供第一系列时间门用于累积伽马射线计数。在从长脉冲串相对更长的延迟之后，提供第二系列时间门来累积伽马射线计数。通过迭代过程确定热中子衰减时间常数τT和宏观捕获截面SIGMA，通过迭代过程，从第二系列时间栅极估计出形成τ，该第二系列时间栅极被从第一个一系列时间门。类似地，从已经从第二系列时间门确定的地层衰减计数的第一系列时间门估计井眼tau。

5. 发明授权

US4814609A Methods and apparatus for safely measuring downhole conditions and formation characteristics while drilling a borehole 失效
标题翻译：在钻井时安全测量井下条件和地层特征的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4814609A
公开(公告)日：1989-03-21
申请号：US25319
申请日：1987-03-13
申请人： Peter D. Wraight , Edouard Marienbach , Jean-Michel Hache , Erik Rhein-Knudsen , Mike Evans
发明人： Peter D. Wraight , Edouard Marienbach , Jean-Michel Hache , Erik Rhein-Knudsen , Mike Evans
IPC分类号： E21B17/10 , E21B23/03 , E21B47/01 , G01V5/04 , G01V5/12 , G01V5/14
CPC分类号： E21B17/1078 , E21B23/03 , E21B47/011 , G01V5/04
摘要： A borehole logging apparatus for performing radiation based measurements has a tubular body for movement through a borehole. The tubular body includes an upwardly opening passage and an interior chamber for accommodating the positioning and lengthwise insertion and removal of an energy radiating source. The radiation source includes an uppermost portion which may be remotely engaged by a source removing device for its removal in the event the tool becomes stuck in the borehole and in order to facilitate source handling at the earth's surface.

6. 发明授权

US4721853A Thermal decay time logging method and apparatus 失效
公开(公告)号：US4721853A
公开(公告)日：1988-01-26
申请号：US4764
申请日：1987-01-07
申请人： Peter D. Wraight
发明人： Peter D. Wraight
IPC分类号： G01V5/10 , G01V5/00
CPC分类号： G01V5/105 , G01V5/102 , G01V5/108
摘要： A novel neutron burst timing, detection, and calculation method and apparatus are disclosed for a Thermal Decay Time Logging System. A neutron bursting regime is provided which includes a short burst, long burst repetitive sequence. After a short delay from the short burst, a first series of time gates is provided for accumulating gamma ray counts. After a relatively longer delay from the long burst, a second series of time gates is provided for accumulating gamma ray counts. The thermal neutron decay time constant .tau. and the macroscopic capture cross-section .SIGMA. of the formation are determined through an iterative procedure by which the formation .tau. is estimated from the second series of time gates which have been stripped of borehole decay counts determined from the first series of time gates. Similarly, the borehole .tau. is estimated from the first series of time gates which have been stripped of formation decay counts determined from the second series of time gates.

7. 发明授权

US5124844A Method and apparatus for locating celestial objects 失效
标题翻译：用于定位天体的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5124844A
公开(公告)日：1992-06-23
申请号：US705769
申请日：1991-05-28
申请人： Peter D. Wraight
发明人： Peter D. Wraight
IPC分类号： G01C1/02 , G01C21/02 , G02B23/00
CPC分类号： G01C1/02 , G01C21/02 , G02B23/00
摘要： A method and an apparatus for locating in the sky celestial objects, using a telescope, wherein two guide stars and the celestial object are represented, according to their respective locations, on a disc which is able to rotate with respect to the telescope around an axis, orthogonal to the telescope axis, and passing through the representation of the celestial objects. The images of the two guide stars are projected in the sky and the telescope and the disc are moved until the images of the guide stars are superposed with the respective actual guide stars in the sky.The guide stars form a triangle with the celestial object. The telescope is preferably provided with a alt-azimuth type mounting. The guide stars are represented on the disc by small holes. A light source placed under the disc creates light dots which are projected in the sky using a plano convex lens optically aligned with the disc rotation axis, and a semi-transparent mirror inclined at 45 degrees on the rotation axis.
摘要翻译：一种使用望远镜定位在天空天体中的方法和装置，其中根据它们各自的位置将两个引导星和天体表示在能够围绕轴线相对于望远镜旋转的盘上与望远镜轴线正交，并穿过天体的表示。两颗导星的图像投射在天空中，望远镜和光盘被移动，直到引导星的图像与天空中相应的实际导星重叠。导星与天体形成三角形。望远镜优选地设置有alt方位角型安装。引导星在圆盘上被小孔表示。放置在盘下方的光源产生使用与光盘旋转轴光学对准的平凸透镜和在旋转轴上以45度倾斜的半透明镜在天空中投射的光点。

8. 发明申请

US20110191027A1 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MEASURING THE VERTICAL SEPARATION OF TWO STATIONS IN A BOREHOLE 有权
标题翻译：用于测量两个台站的垂直分离的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20110191027A1
公开(公告)日：2011-08-04
申请号：US12698687
申请日：2010-02-02
申请人： HAROLD PFUTZNER , Peter D. Wraight
发明人： HAROLD PFUTZNER , Peter D. Wraight
IPC分类号： G01N9/00 , G01V5/12 , G01V5/08 , G06F19/00
CPC分类号： G01V7/06 , E21B47/00 , E21B47/10 , E21B49/08 , G01N9/36 , G01V1/50
摘要： A system and method for use in a downhole tool having a fluid density measurement device positioned therein are provided. In one example, the method includes deploying the downhole tool at a first station in a borehole. The downhole tool is moved from the first station to a second station in the borehole. A plurality of fluid density values of fluid within the borehole between the first and second stations are measured using the fluid density measurement device in the downhole tool. The plurality of fluid density values may represent a continuous log of fluid densities between the first and second stations.
摘要翻译：提供了一种在井下工具中使用的具有定位在其中的流体密度测量装置的系统和方法。在一个示例中，该方法包括在钻孔中的第一站处部署井下工具。井下工具从第一工位移动到钻孔中的第二工位。使用井下工具中的流体密度测量装置测量第一和第二站之间钻孔内的流体的多个流体密度值。多个流体密度值可以表示第一和第二站之间的流体密度的连续对数。

9. 发明授权

US5910654A Apparatus and method for measuring formation density in rugose boreholes 失效
标题翻译：用于测量粗糙钻孔中地层密度的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US5910654A
公开(公告)日：1999-06-08
申请号：US700202
申请日：1996-08-20
申请人： Arthur J. Becker , Peter D. Wraight
发明人： Arthur J. Becker , Peter D. Wraight
IPC分类号： G01V5/12
CPC分类号： G01V5/12
摘要： A method/apparatus for determining the density of a formation traversed by a borehole having irregularities along the borehole wall preferably employs/includes a housing, a photon source, and a detector. The source preferably includes an irradiation path extending from the source to a side of the housing. Similarly, the detector preferably includes a detection path extending from the detector to the side of the housing. A stylus may be mounted onto the housing for penetrating through a layer of mudcake. Such stylus preferably includes a base and a substantially small contact head having a window fixedly attached thereto. A second irradiation path may extend from the base to the contact head. A second detection path may also extend from the base to the contact head. The irradiation and detection paths in the stylus are preferably substantially aligned with respective irradiation and detection paths in the housing.
摘要翻译：用于确定沿着钻孔壁具有不规则性的钻孔穿过的地层的密度的方法/装置优选地采用/包括壳体，光子源和检测器。源极优选地包括从源极延伸到壳体的侧面的照射路径。类似地，检测器优选地包括从检测器延伸到壳体侧面的检测路径。触针可以安装在壳体上以穿透一层泥饼。这种触针优选地包括基部和具有固定地附接到其上的窗口的基本上小的接触头。第二照射路径可以从基座延伸到接触头。第二检测路径也可以从基座延伸到接触头。触针中的照射和检测路径优选地基本上与壳体中相应的照射和检测路径对准。

10. 发明授权

US5180917A Self-calibrating proportional counter 失效
标题翻译：自校正比例计数器
公开(公告)号：US5180917A
公开(公告)日：1993-01-19
申请号：US754342
申请日：1991-09-04
申请人： Peter D. Wraight
发明人： Peter D. Wraight
IPC分类号： G01T1/185 , G01T1/40 , G01V5/10
CPC分类号： G01T1/185 , G01T1/40 , G01V5/10
摘要： The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for qualifying the operation of a radiation (e.g. neutron) detector containing an ionizable gas (e.g. He.sub.3), such as a detector disposed in a logging sonde designed to be lowered in a well, wherein a radioactive source capable of ionizing said gas is disposed inside the detector. From the counts of the ionization pulses, one qualifies the operation of the detector. The method provides either a verification (usually performed before the logging operation, outside the well) or, when carried out while the detector is operating in the well, a stabilization of the measured spectrum.Preferably, the internal source is an alpha source comprising uranium or americium and which is disposed inside the detector in the form of a thin foil.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种用于限定包含可离子化气体（例如He3）的辐射（例如中子）检测器的操作的方法和装置，例如设置在设计成在井中降低的测井仪中的检测器，其中放射性能够电离所述气体的源设置在检测器内部。从电离脉冲的计数可以看出检测器的运行。该方法提供验证（通常在测井操作之前，在井之外进行），或者当检测器在井中运行时进行验证，测量光谱的稳定性。优选地，内部源是包括铀或an的α源，并且以薄箔的形式设置在检测器内部。

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