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1. 发明授权

US6078872A Method for suppressing noise in measurements 失效
标题翻译：抑制测量噪声的方法
公开(公告)号：US6078872A
公开(公告)日：2000-06-20
申请号：US421628
申请日：1999-10-19
申请人： Paul L. Carson , Louis A. Madsen , Garett M. Leskowitz , Daniel P. Weitekamp
发明人： Paul L. Carson , Louis A. Madsen , Garett M. Leskowitz , Daniel P. Weitekamp
IPC分类号： G01R33/46 , G01R13/00
CPC分类号： G01R33/46 , G01R33/4625
摘要： Methods for suppressing noise in measurements by correlating functions based on at least two different measurements of a system at two different times. In one embodiment, a measurement operation is performed on at least a portion of a system that has a memory. A property of the system is measured during a first measurement period to produce a first response indicative of a first state of the system. Then the property of the system is measured during a second measurement period to produce a second response indicative of a second state of the system. The second measurement is performed after an evolution duration subsequent to the first measurement period when the system still retains a degree of memory of an aspect of the first state. Next, a first function of the first response is combined with a second function of the second response to form a second-order correlation function. Information of the system is then extracted from the second-order correlation function.
摘要翻译：通过基于两个不同时间的系统的至少两个不同测量来相关函数来抑制测量中的噪声的方法。在一个实施例中，对具有存储器的系统的至少一部分执行测量操作。在第一测量周期期间测量系统的属性以产生指示系统的第一状态的第一响应。然后，在第二测量周期期间测量系统的属性以产生指示系统的第二状态的第二响应。第二测量在系统仍然保留第一状态方面的一定程度的存储器的第一测量周期之后的演化持续时间之后执行。接下来，将第一响应的第一函数与第二响应的第二函数组合以形成二阶相关函数。然后从二阶相关函数中提取系统的信息。

2. 发明授权

US5406163A Ultrasonic image sensing array with acoustical backing 失效
标题翻译：具有声学背衬的超声波图像传感阵列
公开(公告)号：US5406163A
公开(公告)日：1995-04-11
申请号：US969939
申请日：1992-10-30
申请人： Paul L. Carson , Dale W. Fitting , Andrew L. Robinson , Fred L. Terry, Jr.
发明人： Paul L. Carson , Dale W. Fitting , Andrew L. Robinson , Fred L. Terry, Jr.
IPC分类号： B06B1/06 , H01L41/08
CPC分类号： B06B1/0629 , Y10S310/80
摘要： An ultrasonic sensing array having ultrasonic transducer elements formed on a micromachined single-crystal semiconductor wafer provided with a deep recess under each transducer. Etch-altering dopants are diffused into the wafer to form rimmed support structures for dielectric stress-balanced elements. Composite dielectric layers are grown on both surfaces of the wafer. One composite layer serves as a diaphragm underlying the transducer elements. The other composite layer serves as a mask for etching away the substrate under each transducer element to form the deep recess while leaving the support structures and diaphragm layer. The resulting hollow or recess under each transducer element reduces the parasitic capacitance between the transducer and support substrate. The transducer elements are made by forming conductive bottom plates on the dielectric diaphragm layer, adding a piezoelectric polymer layer and thereafter forming the conductive top plates. The resulting ultrasonic sensors are capable of operation over a wide variety of frequencies with improved sensitivity and decreased acoustic crosstalk between sensor elements, Switching transistors may also be fabricated as part of the patterned semiconductor substrate.
摘要翻译：一种超声波感测阵列，其具有形成在微加工单晶半导体晶片上的超声波换能器元件，在每个换能器下设置有深凹槽。蚀刻改变的掺杂剂扩散到晶片中以形成用于介电应力平衡元件的边缘支撑结构。在晶片的两个表面上生长复合电介质层。一个复合层用作换能器元件下面的隔膜。另一复合层用作在每个换能器元件下蚀刻掉基板的掩模，以形成深凹槽，同时留下支撑结构和隔膜层。在每个换能器元件下形成的空心或凹槽减小了换能器和支撑基板之间的寄生电容。换能器元件通过在电介质隔膜层上形成导电底板制成，加上压电聚合物层，然后形成导电顶板。所得到的超声波传感器能够在具有改善的灵敏度和降低传感器元件之间的声学串扰的各种频率下操作。也可以将开关晶体管制造为图案化半导体衬底的一部分。

3. 发明申请

US20080287799A1 Method and apparatus for measuring volumetric flow 审中-公开
标题翻译：测量体积流量的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20080287799A1
公开(公告)日：2008-11-20
申请号：US11803966
申请日：2007-05-16
申请人： Anne Lindsay Hall , Jonathan Matthews Rubin , J. Brian Fowlkes , Oliver Daniel Kripfgans , Paul L. Carson
发明人： Anne Lindsay Hall , Jonathan Matthews Rubin , J. Brian Fowlkes , Oliver Daniel Kripfgans , Paul L. Carson
IPC分类号： A61B8/06
CPC分类号： A61B8/469 , A61B8/06 , A61B8/13
摘要： An ultrasound system comprises an ultrasound probe, a user interface and a processor. The ultrasound probe comprises a transducer face emitting ultrasound beams into a patient. The probe acquires a volume of ultrasound data comprising a blood vessel. The user interface defines a surface on an image that is based on the volume. The surface bisects the blood vessel and further comprises a plurality of points where at least some of the points are located at unequal distances with respect to the transducer face. The processor is configured to steer a subset of the ultrasound beams to intersect the surface at a 90 degree angle and calculate volumetric flow information through the blood vessel based on the ultrasound data corresponding to the surface.
摘要翻译：超声系统包括超声探头，用户接口和处理器。超声波探头包括将超声波束发射到患者体内的换能器面。探头获取包括血管的一定体积的超声数据。用户界面定义基于卷的图像上的曲面。所述表面将血管平分，并且还包括多个点，其中至少一些点相对于换能器表面位于不相等的距离处。处理器被配置为引导超声波束的子集以90度角相交，并且基于对应于表面的超声数据计算通过血管的体积流量信息。

4. 发明授权

US6059727A Method and apparatus for composition and display of three-dimensional image from two-dimensional ultrasound scan data 失效
标题翻译：用于从二维超声扫描数据组合和显示三维图像的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US6059727A
公开(公告)日：2000-05-09
申请号：US981058
申请日：1998-04-13
申请人： J. Brian Fowlkes , Paul L. Carson , Aaron Moskalik , Jian-Feng Chen , Jonathan M. Rubin
发明人： J. Brian Fowlkes , Paul L. Carson , Aaron Moskalik , Jian-Feng Chen , Jonathan M. Rubin
IPC分类号： A61B8/00 , A61B8/08 , A61B8/14 , G06T1/00 , G06T11/00
CPC分类号： A61B8/08 , G01S15/8993 , G06T7/0026 , A61B8/14 , G01S15/8936 , G06T2207/10132 , G06T2207/20021 , G06T2207/30004 , Y10S128/916
摘要： A 3D image data set representing a volume of material such as human tissue is created using speckle decorrelation techniques to process successive 2D data slices from a moving, standard 1D or 1.5D ultrasound transducer. This permits the use of standard ultrasound machinery, without the use of additional slice-position hardware, to create 3D images without having to modify the machinery or its operation. Similar techniques can be used for special data processing within the imaging system as well to expedite the image acquisition process. Optionally, the image quality of 2D images can be enhanced through the use of multiple 3D data sets derived using the method.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / US96 / 10189 Sec。 371日期：1998年4月13日 102（e）1998年4月13日PCT PCT 1996年6月14日PCT公布。公开号WO97 / 00482 日期1997年1月3日使用斑点去相关技术来创建表示诸如人体组织的材料体积的3D图像数据集，以从移动的标准1D或1.5D超声换能器处理连续的2D数据切片。这允许使用标准超声机器，而不需要使用附加的切片位置硬件来创建3D图像，而不必修改机器或其操作。类似的技术可用于成像系统内的特殊数据处理，并且可以加快图像采集过程。可选地，可以通过使用使用该方法导出的多个3D数据集来增强2D图像的图像质量。

5. 发明授权

US5160870A Ultrasonic image sensing array and method 失效
标题翻译：超声波图像传感阵列及方法
公开(公告)号：US5160870A
公开(公告)日：1992-11-03
申请号：US543267
申请日：1990-06-25
申请人： Paul L. Carson , Dale W. Fitting , Andrew L. Robinson , Fred L. Terry, Jr.
发明人： Paul L. Carson , Dale W. Fitting , Andrew L. Robinson , Fred L. Terry, Jr.
IPC分类号： B06B1/06
CPC分类号： B06B1/0629 , Y10S310/80
摘要： An ultrasonic sensing array having ultrasonic transducer elements formed on a micromachined single-crystal semiconductor wafer provided with a deep recess under each transducer. Etch-altering dopants are diffused into the water to form rimmed support structures for dielectric stress-balanced elements. Composite dielectric layers are grown on both surfaces of the wafer. One composite layer serves as a diaphragm underlying the transducer elements. The other composite layer serves as a mask for etching away the substrate under each transducer element to form the deep recess while leaving the support structures and diaphragm layer. The resulting hollow or recess under each transducer element reduces the parasitic capacitance between the transducer and support substrate. The transducer elements are made by forming conductive bottom plates on the dielectric diaphragm layer, adding a piezoelectric polymer layer and thereafter forming the conductive top plates. The resulting ultrasonic sensors are capable of operation over a wide variety of frequencies with improved sensitivity and decreased acoustic crosstalk between sensor elements. Switching transistors may also be fabricated as part of the patterned semiconductor substrate.
摘要翻译：一种超声波感测阵列，其具有形成在微加工单晶半导体晶片上的超声波换能器元件，在每个换能器下设置有深凹槽。蚀刻改变的掺杂剂扩散到水中以形成用于介电应力平衡元件的边缘支撑结构。在晶片的两个表面上生长复合电介质层。一个复合层用作换能器元件下面的隔膜。另一复合层用作在每个换能器元件下蚀刻掉基板的掩模，以形成深凹槽，同时留下支撑结构和隔膜层。在每个换能器元件下形成的空心或凹槽减小了换能器和支撑基板之间的寄生电容。换能器元件通过在电介质隔膜层上形成导电底板制成，加上压电聚合物层，然后形成导电顶板。所得到的超声波传感器能够在各种频率上操作，具有改善的灵敏度和降低传感器元件之间的声学串扰。开关晶体管也可以被制造为图案化半导体衬底的一部分。

6. 发明授权

US4689986A Variable frequency gas-bubble-manipulating apparatus and method 失效
标题翻译：变频气泡操纵装置及方法
公开(公告)号：US4689986A
公开(公告)日：1987-09-01
申请号：US711255
申请日：1985-03-13
申请人： Paul L. Carson , Richard M. Detsch
发明人： Paul L. Carson , Richard M. Detsch
IPC分类号： A61B8/00 , G01N29/032 , G01S15/89 , G01N29/02
CPC分类号： G01S15/895 , A61B8/481 , G01N29/032 , G01S15/8979 , G01S7/52022
摘要： A system for detecting gas bubbles in a specimen utilizes a transducer which produces pulses, illustratively of ultrasonic acoustic energy, having predetermined frequency characteristics. A first pulse has an increasing frequency with time, and a second pulse has a decreasing frequency with time. Imaging arrangements, which may be formed of ultrasonic transducers, produce images of the region within the specimen after exposure to each such pulse. In one embodiment, a growth transducer array is utilized for dramatically increasing the size of the bubbles, which array is formed of a plurality of transducers which are moved with respect to the specimen and which have respective frequency characteristics over different frequency ranges. Thus, bubble radius is successively increased as each bubble is exposed to the acoustic energy from each such transducer within the growth transducer array. The present invention can be used to reduce the cavitation threshold of bubbles, particularly in the vicinity of tumors, or to increase the temperature in the bubble-containing region.
摘要翻译：用于检测样品中的气泡的系统利用产生具有预定频率特性的脉冲，例如超声波声能的换能器。第一脉冲具有随时间增加的频率，并且第二脉冲具有随时间减小的频率。可以由超声换能器形成的成像装置在暴露于每个这样的脉冲之后产生样品内区域的图像。在一个实施例中，增长换能器阵列用于显着增加气泡的尺寸，该阵列由相对于样本移动并且在不同频率范围上具有相应频率特性的多个换能器形成。因此，随着每个气泡暴露于来自生长转换器阵列内的每个这样的换能器的声能，气泡半径连续增加。本发明可用于降低气泡的气蚀阈值，特别是在肿瘤附近，或者增加含气泡区域的温度。

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