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1. 发明授权

US5865303A Electrical rocker switch 失效
标题翻译：电动摇臂开关
公开(公告)号：US5865303A
公开(公告)日：1999-02-02
申请号：US853969
申请日：1997-05-09
申请人： Paul Gernhardt , Serge Krzyzanowski
发明人： Paul Gernhardt , Serge Krzyzanowski
IPC分类号： H01H1/26 , H01H23/06 , H01H23/12 , H01H21/24
CPC分类号： H01H23/12 , H01H1/26 , H01H23/06
摘要： An electrical rocker switch having a clam-shell like in which a rocker is pivotally mounted. A unitary multi-function operating assembly fabricated from spring stock materials which operates as an over-center spring to establish two rest positions for the rocker. A trifurcated second end of the operating assembly provides springs to urge the contact assembly into intimate engagement with the boss on the underside of the rocker. Cross-members of the operating assembly bear movable contacts which selectively engage fixed contacts on the housing to complete external electrical circuits connected to the operating assembly and fixed contacts. An additional housing can be placed about the clam-shell like housing to seal the switch from the environment.
摘要翻译：具有蛤壳的电动摇臂开关，其中摇臂枢转地安装在其中。由弹簧原材料制成的单一多功能操作组件，其作为过中心弹簧操作，以为摇杆建立两个静止位置。操作组件的三叉形第二端提供弹簧以促使接触组件与摇臂下侧的凸台紧密接合。操作组件的横梁承载可移动触点，其可选择性地接合壳体上的固定触点，以完成连接到操作组件和固定触点的外部电路。一个附加的外壳可以放置在蛤壳式壳体周围，以将开关与环境密封。

2. 发明授权

US5836443A Electrical rocker switch 失效
标题翻译：电动摇臂开关
公开(公告)号：US5836443A
公开(公告)日：1998-11-17
申请号：US779748
申请日：1997-01-10
申请人： Paul Gernhardt , Serge Krzyzanowski , Frantz Germain
发明人： Paul Gernhardt , Serge Krzyzanowski , Frantz Germain
IPC分类号： H01H1/26 , H01H23/06 , H01H23/12 , H01H21/24
CPC分类号： H01H23/12 , H01H1/26 , H01H23/06
摘要： An electrical rocker switch having a clam-shell like in which a rocker is pivotally mounted. A unitary multi-function operating assembly fabricated from spring stock materials operates as an over-center spring to establish two rest positions for the rocker. A bifurcated or trifucated second end of the operating assembly provides springs to urge the contact assembly into intimate engagement with the boss on the underside of the rocker and provide for receiving an electrical conductor. Cross-members of the operating assembly bear movable contacts which selectively engage fixed contacts on the housing to complete external electrical circuits connected to the operating assembly and fixed contacts. An additional housing can be placed about the clam-shell like housing to seal the switch from the environment.
摘要翻译：具有蛤壳的电动摇臂开关，其中摇臂枢转地安装在其中。由弹簧原料制造的单一多功能操作组件作为过中心弹簧操作，以为摇臂建立两个静止位置。操作组件的分叉或三角形的第二端提供弹簧以促使接触组件与摇动器的下侧上的凸台紧密接合并且提供接收电导体。操作组件的横梁承载可移动触点，其可选择性地接合壳体上的固定触点，以完成连接到操作组件和固定触点的外部电路。一个附加的外壳可以放置在蛤壳式壳体周围，以将开关与环境密封。

3. 发明授权

US4372754A Ignition system for coal gasifier 失效
标题翻译：煤气化炉点火系统
公开(公告)号：US4372754A
公开(公告)日：1983-02-08
申请号：US97593
申请日：1979-11-26
申请人： Paul Gernhardt , Wilhelm Danguillier , Karl Peter , Wolfgang Grams , Siegfried Pohl , Peter Schnitzler
发明人： Paul Gernhardt , Wilhelm Danguillier , Karl Peter , Wolfgang Grams , Siegfried Pohl , Peter Schnitzler
IPC分类号： C10J3/48 , F23Q9/04 , C10J3/68
CPC分类号： F23Q9/04 , C10J3/46 , C10J3/463 , C10J3/506 , C10J3/526 , C10J3/74 , C10J3/78 , C10J3/845 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0956 , Y10S48/02
摘要： An ignition burner and a pilot burner form part of an ignition system for a fluidized stream of finely-divided coal particles in a pressurized gasifier housing having a slag overflow pipe coupled to a discharge vessel. A fuel supply pipe delivers fuel for combustion by the ignition burner and the pilot burner. A sparkplug or hot wire is used to ignite the fuel delivered to the ignition burner. The flame produced by the ignition burner is widened by a baffle so that ignition by the pilot burner occurs to produce a flame which is monitored through a thermocouple. The parts forming the ignition system are carried by a pair of levers with pivots on the inner wall of a slag overflow pipe for movement between an operative position wherein the ignition burner is situated near the slag-receiving opening of the overflow pipe and an inoperative position wherein the ignition burner is protected from contact by slag and radiation heating. The ignition burner moves within substantially only one plane extending through the centerline of said slag overflow pipe.
摘要翻译：点火燃烧器和引燃燃烧器形成了一个点火系统的一部分，用于在加压气化器壳体中的细碎煤颗粒的流化物流，其具有联接到放电容器的炉渣溢流管。燃料供应管通过点火燃烧器和引燃燃烧器输送用于燃烧的燃料。火花塞或热丝用于点燃输送到点火燃烧器的燃料。由点火燃烧器产生的火焰被挡板加宽，使得引燃燃烧器发生点火，产生通过热电偶监测的火焰。形成点火系统的部件由在炉渣溢流管的内壁上具有枢轴的一对杆承载，用于在点火式燃烧器位于溢流管的炉渣接收开口附近的操作位置和不工作位置之间移动其中点火燃烧器被防止熔渣和辐射加热接触。点火燃烧器基本上仅在延伸穿过炉渣溢流管的中心线的一个平面内移动。

4. 发明授权

US4049570A Method and apparatus for removing vapors and aerosols from gases produced in a gasification plant 失效
标题翻译：用于从气化设备中产生的气体中除去蒸汽和气溶胶的方法和设备
公开(公告)号：US4049570A
公开(公告)日：1977-09-20
申请号：US601266
申请日：1975-08-04
申请人： Paul Gernhardt , Wolfgang Grams , Siegfried Pohl , Wilhelm Danguillier
发明人： Paul Gernhardt , Wolfgang Grams , Siegfried Pohl , Wilhelm Danguillier
IPC分类号： C10J3/02 , B01D50/00 , B01D51/00 , B01D51/10 , B01D53/04 , B01D53/34 , B01D53/81 , C01B3/00 , C01B3/56 , C10G9/00 , C10J3/57 , C10J3/84 , C10K1/00 , C10K1/02 , C10K1/04 , C01B2/02 , C10B49/14
CPC分类号： C10K1/00 , C10J3/57 , C10J3/78 , C10J3/84 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0943 , C10J2300/0956 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/0969 , C10J2300/0976 , C10J2300/1807 , C10J2300/1884 , C10J2300/1892 , Y02E60/324 , Y02P20/129
摘要： The high temperature gasification of solid fuel or mixtures of solid and liquid fuels is carried out by a method and apparatus wherein the gasified product from a high temperature gasification chamber having a slag bath therein is fed into a first dust collector. Gases, including vapors or aerosols, are fed from the dust collector into a waste heat boiler to reduce the temperature of the gases down to about 250.degree. C. The solids which essentially include flue coke are discharged from the dust collector into a separate heat exchanger wherein the temperature of the solids is reduced down to about 200.degree. C. The cooled solids and the cooled gases are fed into an absorption chamber wherein for a period of 1 to 10 seconds, the aerosols are absorbed into the flue coke. The absorption chamber is connected to a second dust collector that separates the gases from the flue coke having the absorbed aerosols. The purified gases are then discharged from the second dust collector and the flue coke with the absorbed aerosols is returned to the slag bath in the gasification chamber.
摘要翻译：固体燃料或固体和液体燃料的混合物的高温气化通过一种方法和装置进行，其中将来自其中具有炉渣浴的高温气化室的气化产物进料到第一集尘器中。包括蒸汽或气溶胶在内的气体从集尘器进料到废热锅炉中以将气体的温度降低至约250℃。基本上包括烟道焦炭的固体从集尘器排出到单独的热交换器其中固体的温度降低至约200℃。将冷却的固体和冷却的气体进料到吸收室中，其中持续1至10秒的时间，气溶胶被吸收到烟道焦炭中。吸收室连接到第二集尘器，其将具有吸收的气溶胶的烟道焦炭的气体分离。净化后的气体从第二集尘器排出，烟气焦炭与吸收的气溶胶一起返回到气化室中的渣槽。

5. 发明授权

US4159447A System for detecting faults in the wall of a high-temperature pressure vessel 失效
标题翻译：用于检测高温压力容器壁内故障的系统
公开(公告)号：US4159447A
公开(公告)日：1979-06-26
申请号：US835945
申请日：1977-09-22
申请人： Paul Gernhardt , Wolfgang Grams , Wilhelm Danguillier , Siegfried Pohl
发明人： Paul Gernhardt , Wolfgang Grams , Wilhelm Danguillier , Siegfried Pohl
IPC分类号： C10J3/48 , C10J3/57 , C10J3/78 , G01R31/02 , B01J3/00 , G01K11/06
CPC分类号： C10J3/78 , C10J3/00 , C10J3/08 , C10J3/20 , C10J3/57 , C10J3/74 , C10J3/86 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/0976 , C10J2300/1823
摘要： A system for detecting faults in the wall of a high-temperature pressure vessel, such as a fuel gasifier. The wall comprises an outer metallic shell having an inner refractory lining, together with cooling tubes extending along the refractory lining. In order to detect a fault, such as a rupture in a cooling tube and resultant melting of the refractory in the vicinity of the fault, one or more electrical conductors are embedded in the refractory and connected at their opposite ends to an external energizing circuit such that when the refractory melts, so also will the conductor, thereby breaking the circuit to indicate the existence of the fault.
摘要翻译：一种用于检测诸如燃料气化器的高温压力容器的壁中的故障的系统。该壁包括具有内部耐火衬里的外部金属壳，以及沿着耐火衬里延伸的冷却管。为了检测故障，例如冷却管中的断裂和故障附近的耐火材料的熔化，一个或多个电导体嵌入耐火材料中并在其相对端连接到外部通电电路当耐火材料熔化时，导体也会因此断开电路，以指示故障的存在。

6. 发明授权

US4098324A Water-cooled, high-temperature gasifier and method for its operation 失效
标题翻译：水冷式高温气化炉及其运行方法
公开(公告)号：US4098324A
公开(公告)日：1978-07-04
申请号：US746400
申请日：1976-12-01
申请人： Joachim Kummel , Heinz Dressen , Wilhelm Danguillier , Paul Gernhardt , Wolfgang Grams , Siegfried Pohl
发明人： Joachim Kummel , Heinz Dressen , Wilhelm Danguillier , Paul Gernhardt , Wolfgang Grams , Siegfried Pohl
IPC分类号： C10J3/57 , C10J3/76 , F22B1/00
CPC分类号： F28D7/0041 , C10J3/57 , C10J3/74 , C10J3/76 , C10J3/78 , F28D15/00 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/0976 , C10J2300/1884 , C10J2300/1892 , F28F2265/10 , Y02P20/129
摘要： A system for cooling high-temperature gasifiers and method for its operation wherein cooling conduits extend vertically through the walls of the gasifier and are connected at their ends to a closed-water circulation system which incorporates heat exchangers for removing heat from the system. Boiling in the system is prevented, and good heat transfer characteristics are achieved, by maintaining a high pressure system, at least 40 bar, coupled with a flow velocity of between 5 and 7 meters per second at a maximum internal diameter of the cooling conduits of 51 millimeters. Means are provided for maintaining the temperature of the water exiting from the cooling conduits at least 10.degree. C below the boiling point at the pressure and flow rate of the system.The cooling tubes in the walls of the gasifier are covered by a ramming compound of refractory material held in place by expanded metal or mesh which curves around each tube but is spaced therefrom and welded to webs interconnecting the tubes in a gas-tight wall. The expanded metal supports the ramming compound but at the same time does not come into direct contact with the tube walls and thus eliminates points of maximum thermal loading where boiling might occur.
摘要翻译：一种用于冷却高温气化器的系统及其操作方法，其中冷却管道垂直延伸穿过气化器的壁并且在其端部连接到闭合水循环系统，所述闭合水循环系统包括用于从系统移除热量的热交换器。通过保持至少40巴的高压系统与每秒钟5至7米之间的流速相连，在该冷却管道的最大内径处，可以防止系统中的沸腾，并实现良好的传热特性 51毫米。提供的装置用于在系统的压力和流速下将从冷却导管排出的水的温度保持在沸点以下至少10℃。

7. 发明授权

US4013427A Slag bath generator 失效
标题翻译：炉渣发电机
公开(公告)号：US4013427A
公开(公告)日：1977-03-22
申请号：US642899
申请日：1975-12-22
申请人： Paul Gernhardt , Siegfried Pohl , Wilhelm Danguillier , Wolfgang Grams
发明人： Paul Gernhardt , Siegfried Pohl , Wilhelm Danguillier , Wolfgang Grams
IPC分类号： C04B5/00 , C10J3/57 , C21B3/06 , C21B3/08 , F27D15/00 , C10J3/46 , C10J3/48
CPC分类号： C10J3/57 , C10J3/78 , C10J3/86 , C21B3/06 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0976 , Y02P20/129 , Y02W30/543 , Y10S48/02
摘要： A method and apparatus for gasifying fine-grained fuel, e.g., coal and a gasifying medium, e.g., oxygen in a slag bath generator. The fine-grained fuel and gasifying medium are injected at a downwardly-inclined angle to tangentially impinge with a turbulent rotary motion upon a slag bath in the lower end of a vertically-extending reactor shaft within a pressure vessel. A desired slag bath level is maintained in the bottom of the vessel by using an overflow to discharge slag from the bath through the bottom of the vessel. A first treatment zone for the high temperature gasification of the fuel is formed between the slag bath and a circular constriction to the reactor shaft. A second treatment zone for the final gasification of the fuel at a lower temperature as compared with the temperature in the first treatment zone extends above the circumferential constriction along the reactor shaft. Fuel and gases passing through the circumferential constriction are essentially free of a turbulent rotary motion. A third treatment zone for cooling the fuel and gases discharged from the top end of the reactor shaft is formed by a cupola. Solids are separated in a hot cyclone from the gases discharged from the cupola. The solids are injected together with additional fine-grained fuel into the first treatment zone. A cooling medium is injected into the cupola to facilitate the cooling process therein.
摘要翻译：气化微细燃料的方法和装置，例如煤和气化介质，例如渣槽发生器中的氧气。细粒度燃料和气化介质以向下倾斜的角度注入，以在压力容器内的垂直延伸的反应器轴的下端中的渣槽上以湍流旋转运动切向冲击。通过使用溢流将期望的炉渣水平保持在容器的底部，以通过容器的底部从熔池排出炉渣。用于燃料高温气化的第一处理区在炉渣槽和反应器轴的圆形收缩之间形成。与第一处理区域的温度相比，用于在较低温度下燃料的最终气化的第二处理区域沿着反应器轴延伸到周向收缩部之上。通过周向收缩的燃料和气体基本上没有紊流旋转运动。用于冷却从反应器轴的顶端排出的燃料和气体的第三处理区域由冲天炉形成。固体在热旋风分离器中与从圆屋顶排出的气体分离。将固体与另外的细粒燃料一起注入第一处理区。将冷却介质注入到冲天炉中以便于其中的冷却过程。

8. 发明授权

US5680287A In-line cord ground fault circuit interrupter 失效
标题翻译：线内接地故障电路断路器
公开(公告)号：US5680287A
公开(公告)日：1997-10-21
申请号：US698871
申请日：1996-08-16
申请人： Paul Gernhardt , David Chan , Serge Krzyzanowski
发明人： Paul Gernhardt , David Chan , Serge Krzyzanowski
IPC分类号： H01H9/02 , H01H83/04 , H02H3/33 , H02H3/16
CPC分类号： H01H83/04 , H02H3/33 , H01H9/0228
摘要： An in-line cord ground fault circuit interrupter which contains within a common housing the sensing unit and the tripping relay usually found separately packaged at a remote location. The fixed contacts are mounted on fixed contact arms mounted adjacent one surface of a printed circuit board with the movable contacts mounted on movable contact arms mounted adjacent the second surface. The tripping relay operates an armature between an open and a closed condition and by cams on the arms of the armature opens and closes the movable contacts with the fixed contacts. The two portion housing allows the components of the interrupter to be mounted on one portion of the housing which also supports the line and load conductors making assembly of the rear housing portion to the front housing portion easy.
摘要翻译：一个在线电缆接地故障电路断路器，它包含一个公共壳体内的感测单元和跳闸继电器，通常在远程位置分别封装。固定触点安装在与印刷电路板的一个表面相邻安装的固定触点臂上，可移动触头安装在邻近第二表面安装的可动触点臂上。跳闸继电器在打开和关闭状态之间操作电枢，并且电枢臂上的凸轮通过固定触点打开和闭合可动触点。两部分壳体允许断路器的部件安装在壳体的一部分上，该部分还支撑线路和负载导体，使后壳体部分的组合容易到前壳体部分。

9. 发明授权

US5570778A Electrical rocker switch 失效
标题翻译：电动摇臂开关
公开(公告)号：US5570778A
公开(公告)日：1996-11-05
申请号：US233581
申请日：1994-04-26
申请人： Paul Gernhardt , Serge Krzyzanowski
发明人： Paul Gernhardt , Serge Krzyzanowski
IPC分类号： H01H1/26 , H01H23/06 , H01H23/12 , H01H21/24
CPC分类号： H01H23/12 , H01H1/26 , H01H23/06
摘要： An electrical rocker switch having a clam-shell like housing in which a rocker is pivotally mounted. A unitary multi-function operating assembly fabricated from spring stock materials operates as an over-center spring to establish two rest positions for the rocker. A trifurcated second end of the operating assembly provides springs to urge the contact assembly into intimate engagement with the boss on the underside of the rocker. Cross-members of the operating assembly bear movable contacts which selectively engage fixed contacts on the housing to complete external electrical circuits connected to the operating assembly and fixed contacts. An additional housing can be placed about the clam-shell like housing to seal the switch from the environment.
摘要翻译：具有蛤壳式壳体的电动摇臂开关，摇臂枢转地安装在该壳体中。由弹簧原料制造的单一多功能操作组件作为过中心弹簧操作，以为摇臂建立两个静止位置。操作组件的三叉形第二端提供弹簧以促使接触组件与摇臂下侧的凸台紧密接合。操作组件的横梁承载可移动触点，其可选择性地接合壳体上的固定触点，以完成连接到操作组件和固定触点的外部电路。一个附加的外壳可以放置在蛤壳式壳体周围，以将开关与环境密封。

10. 发明授权

US5568344A In-line cord ground fault circuit interrupter 失效
标题翻译：线内接地故障电路断路器
公开(公告)号：US5568344A
公开(公告)日：1996-10-22
申请号：US333531
申请日：1994-11-02
申请人： Paul Gernhardt , David Chan , Serge Krzyzanowski
发明人： Paul Gernhardt , David Chan , Serge Krzyzanowski
IPC分类号： H01H9/02 , H01H83/04 , H02H3/33 , H02H3/16
CPC分类号： H01H83/04 , H02H3/33 , H01H9/0228
摘要： An in-line cord ground fault circuit interrupter which contains within a common housing the sensing unit and the tripping relay usually found separately packaged at a remote location. The fixed contacts are mounted on fixed contact arms mounted adjacent one surface of a printed circuit board with the movable contacts mounted on movable contact arms mounted adjacent the second surface. The tripping relay operates an armature between an open and a closed condition and by cams on the arms of the armature opens and closes the movable contacts with the fixed contacts. The two portion housing allows the components of the interrupter to be mounted on one portion of the housing which also supports the line and load conductors making assembly of the rear housing portion to the front housing portion easy.
摘要翻译：一个在线电缆接地故障电路断路器，它包含一个公共壳体内的感测单元和跳闸继电器，通常在远程位置分别封装。固定触点安装在与印刷电路板的一个表面相邻安装的固定触点臂上，可移动触头安装在邻近第二表面安装的可动触点臂上。跳闸继电器在打开和关闭状态之间操作电枢，并且电枢臂上的凸轮通过固定触点打开和闭合可动触点。两部分壳体允许断路器的部件安装在壳体的一部分上，该部分还支撑线路和负载导体，使后壳体部分的组合容易到前壳体部分。

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