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1. 发明授权

US5880045A Phosphate glasses for radioactive, hazardous and mixed waste immobilization 失效
标题翻译：磷酸盐玻璃用于放射性，危险和混合废物固定
公开(公告)号：US5880045A
公开(公告)日：1999-03-09
申请号：US122470
申请日：1998-07-27
申请人： Hui Cao , Jay W. Adams , Paul D. Kalb
发明人： Hui Cao , Jay W. Adams , Paul D. Kalb
IPC分类号： C03C1/00 , C03C3/17 , C03C10/00 , C03C14/00 , C03C3/062 , G21F9/34
CPC分类号： C03C10/0054 , C03C1/002 , C03C14/00 , C03C3/17 , C03C2214/14 , Y10S106/01
摘要： Lead-free phosphate glass compositions are provided which can be used to immobilize low level and/or high level radioactive wastes in monolithic waste forms. The glass composition may also be used without waste contained therein. Lead-free phosphate glass compositions prepared at about 900.degree. C. include mixtures from about 1 mole % to about 6 mole %.iron (III) oxide, from about 1 mole % to about 6 mole % aluminum oxide, from about 15 mole % to about 20 mole % sodium oxide or potassium oxide, and from about 30 mole % to about 60 mole % phosphate. The invention also provides phosphate, lead-free glass ceramic glass compositions which are prepared from about 400.degree. C. to about 450.degree. C. and which includes from about 3 mole % to about 6 mole % sodium oxide, from about 20 mole % to about 50 mole % tin oxide, from about 30 mole % to about 70 mole % phosphate, from about 3 mole % to about 6 mole % aluminum oxide, from about 3 mole % to about 8 mole % silicon oxide, from about 0.5 mole % to about 2 mole % iron (III) oxide and from about 3 mole % to about 6 mole % potassium oxide. Method of making lead-free phosphate glasses are also provided.
摘要翻译：提供了无铅磷酸盐玻璃组合物，其可用于将低水平和/或高放射性废物固定在整体废物形式中。也可以使用玻璃组合物而不含有废物。在约900℃制备的无铅磷酸盐玻璃组合物包括约1摩尔％至约6摩尔％氧化铁（III），约1摩尔％至约6摩尔％氧化铝，约15摩尔％至约20摩尔％的氧化钠或氧化钾，以及约30摩尔％至约60摩尔％的磷酸盐。本发明还提供磷酸盐，无铅玻璃陶瓷玻璃组合物，其由约400℃至约450℃制备，并且包括约3摩尔％至约6摩尔％的氧化钠，约20摩尔％至约20摩尔％约50摩尔％的氧化锡，约30摩尔％至约70摩尔％的磷酸盐，约3摩尔％至约6摩尔％的氧化铝，约3摩尔％至约8摩尔％的氧化硅，约0.5摩尔％至约2摩尔％的氧化铁（III）和约3摩尔％至约6摩尔％的氧化钾。还提供了制造无铅磷酸盐玻璃的方法。

2. 发明授权

US5649323A Composition and process for the encapsulation and stabilization of radioactive hazardous and mixed wastes 失效
标题翻译：放射性危险和混合废物的包封和稳定化的组成和工艺
公开(公告)号：US5649323A
公开(公告)日：1997-07-15
申请号：US375387
申请日：1995-01-17
申请人： Paul D. Kalb , Peter Colombo
发明人： Paul D. Kalb , Peter Colombo
IPC分类号： G21F9/30 , G21F9/36 , G21F9/00
CPC分类号： G21F9/307 , G21F9/36
摘要： The present invention provides a composition and process for disposal of radioactive, hazardous and mixed wastes. The present invention preferably includes a process for multibarrier encapsulation of radioactive, hazardous and mixed wastes by combining substantially simultaneously dry waste powder, a non-biodegradable thermoplastic polymer and an anhydrous additive in an extruder to form a homogenous molten matrix. The molten matrix may be directed in a "clean" polyethylene liner, allowed to cool, thus forming a monolithic waste form which provides a multibarrier to the dispersion of wastes into the environment.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了用于处置放射性，危险和混合废物的组合物和方法。本发明优选地包括通过在挤出机中基本上同时干燥废粉，不可生物降解的热塑性聚合物和无水添加剂组合以形成均匀的熔融基质，来包括放射性，危险和混合废物的多壁封装的方法。熔融的基质可以被引导到“干净的”聚乙烯衬里中，使其冷却，从而形成整体废物形式，其为废物分散到环境中提供了一个多壁的作用。

3. 发明授权

US09085488B2 Stabilized sulfur binding using activated fillers 有权
标题翻译：使用活化填料稳定的硫结合
公开(公告)号：US09085488B2
公开(公告)日：2015-07-21
申请号：US13146344
申请日：2009-01-26
申请人： Paul D. Kalb , Vyacheslav P. Vagin , Lyudmila Vagina
发明人： Paul D. Kalb , Vyacheslav P. Vagin , Sergey P. Vagin
IPC分类号： C04B28/32 , C04B20/10 , C04B28/36
CPC分类号： C04B20/1044 , C04B28/36 , Y02W30/91 , Y02W30/92 , Y02W30/93 , Y02W30/96 , C04B14/00 , C04B14/06 , C04B18/04 , C04B18/06 , C04B18/10 , C04B20/008 , C04B20/04 , C04B18/062 , C04B18/12 , C04B18/18 , C04B2103/0067
摘要： A method of making a stable, sulfur binding composite comprising impregnating a solid aggregate with an organic modifier comprising unsaturated hydrocarbons with at least one double or triple covalent bond between adjacent carbon atoms to create a modifier-impregnated aggregate; heating and drying the modifier-impregnated aggregate to activate the surface of the modifier-impregnated aggregate for reaction with sulfur.
摘要翻译：一种制备稳定的硫结合复合物的方法，包括用包含不饱和烃的有机改性剂浸渍固体骨料与相邻碳原子之间的至少一个双重或三重共价键，以产生改性剂浸渍的聚集体; 加热和干燥改性剂浸渍的聚集体以活化浸渍的改性剂的表面以与硫反应。

4. 发明申请

US20120097074A1 Stabilized Sulfur Binding Using Activated Fillers 有权
标题翻译：使用活化填料稳定的硫结合
公开(公告)号：US20120097074A1
公开(公告)日：2012-04-26
申请号：US13146344
申请日：2009-01-26
申请人： Paul D. Kalb , Vyacheslav P. Vagin , Sergey P. Vagin , Lyudmila Vagina
发明人： Paul D. Kalb , Vyacheslav P. Vagin , Sergey P. Vagin , Lyudmila Vagina
IPC分类号： C04B28/36 , C04B18/06
CPC分类号： C04B20/1044 , C04B28/36 , Y02W30/91 , Y02W30/92 , Y02W30/93 , Y02W30/96 , C04B14/00 , C04B14/06 , C04B18/04 , C04B18/06 , C04B18/10 , C04B20/008 , C04B20/04 , C04B18/062 , C04B18/12 , C04B18/18 , C04B2103/0067
摘要： A method of making a stable, sulfur binding composite containing elemental sulfur, a solid aggregate, and an organic modifier is claimed. The resulting sulfur composite compositions are also claimed.
摘要翻译：要求保护含有元素硫，固体聚集体和有机改性剂的稳定的硫结合复合物的方法。还要求所得的硫复合组合物。

5. 发明授权

US5678234A Process for the encapsulation and stabilization of radioactive, hazardous and mixed wastes 失效
标题翻译：封装和稳定放射性，危险和混合废物的过程
公开(公告)号：US5678234A
公开(公告)日：1997-10-14
申请号：US334930
申请日：1994-11-07
申请人： Peter Colombo , Paul D. Kalb , John H. Heiser, III
发明人： Peter Colombo , Paul D. Kalb , John H. Heiser, III
IPC分类号： A62D3/00 , A62D3/33 , A62D3/36 , A62D101/08 , C04B28/36 , G21F9/16 , G21F9/30 , G21F9/00
CPC分类号： G21F9/30 , A62D3/33 , B09B3/0041 , C04B28/36 , G21F9/16 , A62D2101/24 , A62D2101/43 , C04B2111/00784 , C04B2111/00862 , Y02W30/91 , Y02W30/92
摘要： The present invention provides a method for encapsulating and stabilizing radioactive, hazardous and mixed wastes in a modified sulfur cement composition. The waste may be incinerator fly ash or bottom ash including radioactive contaminants, toxic metal salts and other wastes commonly found in refuse. The process may use glass fibers mixed into the composition to improve the tensile strength and a low concentration of anhydrous sodium sulfide to reduce toxic metal solubility. The present invention preferably includes a method for encapsulating radioactive, hazardous and mixed wastes by combining substantially anhydrous wastes, molten modified sulfur cement, preferably glass fibers, as well as anhydrous sodium sulfide or calcium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide in a heated double-planetary orbital mixer. The modified sulfur cement is preheated to about 135.degree..+-.5.degree. C., then the remaining substantially dry components are added and mixed to homogeneity. The homogeneous molten mixture is poured or extruded into a suitable mold. The mold is allowed to cool, while the mixture hardens, thereby immobilizing and encapsulating the contaminants present in the ash.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种在改性硫磺水泥组合物中包封和稳定放射性，危险和混合废物的方法。废物可能是焚烧炉飞灰或底灰，包括放射性污染物，有毒金属盐和其他通常在垃圾中发现的废物。该方法可以使用混合到组合物中的玻璃纤维来提高拉伸强度和低浓度的无水硫化钠以降低有毒金属溶解度。本发明优选包括通过将基本上无水的废物，熔融改性硫磺水泥，优选玻璃纤维以及无水硫化钠或氢氧化钙或氢氧化钠组合在加热的双行星轨道混合器中来包封放射性，危险和混合废物的方法。将改性硫磺水泥预热至约135℃±5℃，然后将剩余的基本上干燥的组分加入并混合均匀。将均匀的熔融混合物倒入或挤出到合适的模具中。允许模具冷却，同时混合物硬化，从而固定和包封存在于灰中的污染物。

6. 发明授权

US06399849B1 Treatment of mercury containing waste 有权
标题翻译：处理含汞废物
公开(公告)号：US06399849B1
公开(公告)日：2002-06-04
申请号：US09280883
申请日：1999-03-29
申请人： Paul D. Kalb , Dan Melamed , Bhavesh R Patel , Mark Fuhrmann
发明人： Paul D. Kalb , Dan Melamed , Bhavesh R Patel , Mark Fuhrmann
IPC分类号： G21F916
CPC分类号： A62D3/33 , A62D2101/43 , C04B28/36 , C04B2111/00784 , C04B2111/00862 , G21F9/16 , G21F9/28 , Y02W30/91 , C04B18/0472 , C04B22/062 , C04B22/14 , C04B40/00 , C04B40/0028
摘要： A process is provided for the treatment of mercury containing waste in a single reaction vessel which includes a) stabilizing the waste with sulfur polymer cement under an inert atmosphere to form a resulting mixture and b) encapsulating the resulting mixture by heating the mixture to form a molten product and casting the molten product as a monolithic final waste form. Additional sulfur polymer cement can be added in the encapsulation step if needed, and a stabilizing additive can be added in the process to improve the leaching properties of the waste form.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于在单个反应容器中处理含汞废物的方法，其包括：a）在惰性气氛下使硫聚合物胶浆稳定废物以形成所得混合物，和b）通过加热混合物将所得混合物包封形成熔融产品并将熔融产物浇铸成整体最终废物形式。如果需要，可以在包封步骤中加入另外的硫磺聚合物水泥，并且可以在该过程中加入稳定添加剂以改善废物形式的浸出性能。

7. 发明授权

US6030549A Dupoly process for treatment of depleted uranium and production of beneficial end products 失效
标题翻译：用于处理贫化铀和生产有益终端产品的双面工艺
公开(公告)号：US6030549A
公开(公告)日：2000-02-29
申请号：US910502
申请日：1997-08-04
申请人： Paul D. Kalb , Jay W. Adams , Paul R. Lageraaen , Carl R. Cooley
发明人： Paul D. Kalb , Jay W. Adams , Paul R. Lageraaen , Carl R. Cooley
IPC分类号： G21F1/10 , G21F9/30 , A62D31/00 , C09K3/00 , G21C11/00 , G21F9/00
CPC分类号： G21F1/106 , G21F9/307 , G21Y2002/60 , G21Y2004/10 , G21Y2004/60
摘要： The present invention provides a process of encapsulating depleted uranium by forming a homogenous mixture of depleted uranium and molten virgin or recycled thermoplastic polymer into desired shapes. Separate streams of depleted uranium and virgin or recycled thermoplastic polymer are simultaneously subjected to heating and mixing conditions. The heating and mixing conditions are provided by a thermokinetic mixer, continuous mixer or an extruder and preferably by a thermokinetic mixer or continuous mixer followed by an extruder. The resulting DUPoly shapes can be molded into radiation shielding material or can be used as counter weights for use in airplanes, helicopters, ships, missiles, armor or projectiles.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种通过将贫化铀和熔融原始或再循环的热塑性聚合物的均匀混合物形成所需形状来封装贫化铀的方法。单独的贫化铀和原始或再生热塑性聚合物流同时经受加热和混合条件。加热和混合条件由热动力学混合器，连续混合器或挤出机提供，优选通过热动力学混合器或连续混合器，随后用挤出机提供。所得到的DUPoly形状可以模制成辐射屏蔽材料，或者可以用作用于飞机，直升机，船舶，导弹，装甲或射弹的配重。

8. 发明授权

US5926772A Composition and process for the encapsulation and stabilization of radioactive, hazardous and mixed wastes 失效
标题翻译：用于封装和稳定放射性，危险和混合废物的组成和过程
公开(公告)号：US5926772A
公开(公告)日：1999-07-20
申请号：US950023
申请日：1997-10-14
申请人： Paul D. Kalb , Peter Colombo
发明人： Paul D. Kalb , Peter Colombo
IPC分类号： G21F9/30 , G21F9/36 , G21F9/00
CPC分类号： G21F9/307 , G21F9/36
摘要： The present invention provides a composition and process for disposal of radioactive, hazardous and mixed wastes. The present invention preferably includes a process for multibarrier encapsulation of radioactive, hazardous and mixed wastes by combining substantially simultaneously dry waste powder, a non-biodegradable thermoplastic polymer and an anhydrous additive in an extruder to form a homogenous molten matrix. The molten matrix may be directed in a "clean" polyethylene liner, allowed to cool, thus forming a monolithic waste form which provides a multibarrier to the dispersion of wastes into the environment.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了用于处置放射性，危险和混合废物的组合物和方法。本发明优选地包括通过在挤出机中基本上同时干燥废粉，不可生物降解的热塑性聚合物和无水添加剂组合以形成均匀的熔融基质，来包括放射性，危险和混合废物的多壁封装的方法。熔融的基质可以被引导到“干净的”聚乙烯衬里中，使其冷却，从而形成整体废物形式，其为废物分散到环境中提供了一个多壁的作用。

9. 发明授权

US5840638A Phosphate glasses for radioactive, hazardous and mixed waste immobilization 失效
标题翻译：磷酸盐玻璃用于放射性，危险和混合废物固定
公开(公告)号：US5840638A
公开(公告)日：1998-11-24
申请号：US772982
申请日：1996-12-23
申请人： Hui Cao , Jay W. Adams , Paul D. Kalb
发明人： Hui Cao , Jay W. Adams , Paul D. Kalb
IPC分类号： C03C1/00 , C03C3/17 , C03C10/00 , C03C14/00
CPC分类号： C03C10/0054 , C03C1/002 , C03C14/00 , C03C3/17 , C03C2214/14 , Y10S106/01
摘要： Lead-free phosphate glass compositions are provided which can be used to immobilize low level and/or high level radioactive wastes in monolithic waste forms. The glass composition may also be used without waste contained therein. Lead-free phosphate glass compositions prepared at about 900.degree. C. include mixtures from about 1 mole % to about 6 mole % iron (III) oxide, from about 1 mole % to about 6 mole % aluminum oxide, from about 15 mole % to about 20 mole % sodium oxide or potassium oxide, and from about 30 mole % to about 60 mole % phosphate. The invention also provides phosphate, lead-free glass ceramic glass compositions which are prepared from about 400.degree. C. to about 450.degree. C. and which includes from about 3 mole % to about 6 mole % sodium oxide, from about 20 mole % to about 50 mole % tin oxide, from about 30 mole % to about 70 mole % phosphate, from about 3 mole % to about 6 mole % aluminum oxide, from about 3 mole % to about 8 mole % silicon oxide, from about 0.5 mole % to about 2 mole % iron (III) oxide and from about 3 mole % to about 6 mole % potassium oxide. Method of making lead-free phosphate glasses are also provided.
摘要翻译：提供了无铅磷酸盐玻璃组合物，其可用于将低水平和/或高放射性废物固定在整体废物形式中。也可以使用玻璃组合物而不含有废物。在约900℃制备的无铅磷酸盐玻璃组合物包括约1摩尔％至约6摩尔％的氧化铁（III），约1摩尔％至约6摩尔％的氧化铝，约15摩尔％至约20摩尔％的氧化钠或氧化钾，以及约30摩尔％至约60摩尔％的磷酸盐。本发明还提供磷酸盐，无铅玻璃陶瓷玻璃组合物，其由约400℃至约450℃制备，并且包括约3摩尔％至约6摩尔％的氧化钠，约20摩尔％至约20摩尔％约50摩尔％的氧化锡，约30摩尔％至约70摩尔％的磷酸盐，约3摩尔％至约6摩尔％的氧化铝，约3摩尔％至约8摩尔％的氧化硅，约0.5摩尔％至约2摩尔％的氧化铁（III）和约3摩尔％至约6摩尔％的氧化钾。还提供了制造无铅磷酸盐玻璃的方法。

10. 发明授权

US5732364A Composition and process for the encapsulation and stabilization of radioactive, hazardous and mixed wastes 失效
公开(公告)号：US5732364A
公开(公告)日：1998-03-24
申请号：US781003
申请日：1997-01-09
申请人： Paul D. Kalb , Peter Colombo
发明人： Paul D. Kalb , Peter Colombo
IPC分类号： G21F9/30 , G21F9/36 , G21F9/00
CPC分类号： G21F9/307 , G21F9/36
摘要： The present invention provides a composition and process for disposal of radioactive, hazardous and mixed wastes. The present invention preferably includes a process for multibarrier encapsulation of radioactive, hazardous and mixed wastes by combining substantially simultaneously dry waste powder, a non-biodegradable thermoplastic polymer and an anhydrous additive in an extruder to form a homogenous molten matrix. The molten matrix may be directed in a "clean" polyethylene liner, allowed to cool, thus forming a monolithic waste form which provides a multibarrier to the dispersion of wastes into the environment.

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